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Objectives: Multi-institutional studies are required for the validation of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC).Methods: A total of 1,560 fine-needle aspirations of the salivary glands were retrieved from two institutions for a 12-year period. The diagnoses were reclassified based on the MSRSGC. Risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category was calculated based on 694 histologic follow-up cases.Results: The ROM for each category was: 18.3% for nondiagnostic, 8.9% for nonneoplastic, 37.5% for atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), 2.9% for benign neoplasm, 40.7% for salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP), 100% for suspicious for malignancy, and 98.3% for malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive rate, and negative predictive rates were 89%, 99%, 98%, and 96%, respectively.Conclusions: The results of the current study are in keeping with the MSRSGC. The indeterminate categories of AUS and SUMP showed intermediate ROMs at 37.5% and 40.7%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To determine the utility of the cell transfer technique (CTT) for BRAF molecular testing on thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based BRAF molecular testing was performed on tissues obtained through CTT from both air-dried and ethanol-fixed direct smears of thyroid FNA specimens and then compared with the corresponding thyroidectomy formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues on 30 cases. Results: BRAF testing was successfully performed on 29 of 30 air-dried CTT, 27 of 30 ethanol-fixed CTT, and 27 of 30 FFPE tissues. The results exhibited 11, 13, and 13 BRAF mutations and 18, 14, and 14 wild types for the air-dried CTT, the ethanol-fixed CTT, and the FFPE tissues, respectively. The concordance rate was 96% between air-dried and ethanol-fixed CTT tissues, 88% between air-dried CTT and FFPE tissues, and 92% between ethanol-fixed CTT and FFPE tissues. Conclusions: PCR-based BRAF mutational testing can be reliably performed on the direct smears of the thyroid FNA specimens through the application of CTT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) performed on the cell-transferred cytologic smears (CTCS) of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is useful when the cell blocks lack adequate material. The comparison of the ICC results from the CTCS of FNA with the corresponding formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) has not been reported previously. We applied 12 commonly used ICC antibodies on 160 pieces of ethanol-fixed, cell-transferred Papanicolaou-stained smears obtained from 42 FNA specimens and compared the staining results with the corresponding FFPE on which the same panel of immunostains was performed. Of the 160 pieces of transferred materials, only 3 (1.9%) were lost during specimen processing. In total, 153 of 157 (97.5%) showed staining results that agreed with the corresponding FFPE, including 78 of 81 positive staining and 75 of 76 negative staining cases. ICC performed on the cell-transferred FNA smears is reliable and shows staining results highly comparable with the corresponding FFPE tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the hybrid capture method, condylomata acuminata from healthy patients (controls) and patients with altered cell-mediated immunity were analyzed for multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA: 82.9% and 38.0% oflesions from 41 controls and 21 patients, respectively, were HPV DNA-positive only with probes for low-risk HPV types (P = .00035). Using probes for both low- and high-risk HPV types, 16.3% and 52.3% of lesions from 43 controls and 21 patients, respectively, were positive for both probes (P = .0038). Evidence of multiple HPV types was also found by Southern blot and in situ hybridization studies. The mean HPV copy number detected by either probe did not differ significantly among patient groups. Using sensitive techniques, such as hybrid capture, multiple HPV types, including those associated with genital malignancy, can be detected in condylomata acuminata. Serial biopsies demonstrate the dynamic nature of genital HPV infection and that changes in the predominant HPV types may be reflected in tissue pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]