29 results on '"Burns, Jane"'
Search Results
2. Intravenous immunoglobulin induces IgG internalization by tolerogenic myeloid dendritic cells that secrete IL-10 and expand Fc-specific regulatory T cells.
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Hsieh, Li-En, Song, Jaeyoon, Tremoulet, Adriana H, Burns, Jane C, and Franco, Alessandra
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REGULATORY T cells ,MYELOID cells ,DENDRITIC cells ,IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ,INTERLEUKIN-10 - Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is used as an immunomodulatory agent in many inflammatory conditions including Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome-Children (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease (KD). However, the exact mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory action are incompletely characterized. Here, we show that in KD, a pediatric acute vasculitis that affects the coronary arteries, IVIG induces a repertoire of natural Treg that recognize immunodominant peptides in the Fc heavy chain constant region. To address which antigen-presenting cell (APC) populations present Fc peptides to Treg, we studied the uptake of IgG by innate cells in subacute KD patients 2 weeks after IVIG and in children 1.6–14 years after KD. Healthy adults served as controls. IgG at high concentrations was internalized predominantly by two myeloid dendritic cell (DC) lineages, CD14
+ cDC2 and ILT-4+ CD4+ tmDC mostly through Fcγ receptor (R) II and to a lesser extent FcγRIII. Following IgG internalization, these two DC lineages secreted IL-10 and presented processed Fc peptides to Treg. The validation of IVIG function in expanding Fc-specific Treg presented by CD14+ cDC2 and ILT-4+ CD4+ tmDC was addressed in a small cohort of patients with MIS-C. Taken together, these results suggest a novel immune regulatory function of IgG in activating tolerogenic innate cells and expanding Treg, which reveals an important anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of IVIG. IVIG has a potent effect in stimulating the immune regulation. IgG are internalized by two tolerogenic myeloid dendritic cell lineages, namely CD14+ cDC2 and ILT-4+ CD4+ tmDC. The heavy constant region (Fc) stimulates IL-10 secretion by these cells that process and present immunodominant Fc peptides to natural regulatory T cells (Treg). These two efferent arms of the innate and adaptive immune response are the main mechanisms of action of IVIG in Kawasaki disease, an acute pediatric vasculitis of the coronary arteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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3. Association of peripubertal blood lead levels with reproductive hormones and semen parameters in a longitudinal cohort of Russian men.
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Williams, Paige L, Mínguez-Alarcón, Lidia, Korrick, Susan A, Lee, Mary M, Plaku-Alakbarova, Bora, Burns, Jane S, Smigulina, Luidmila, Dikov, Yury, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Hauser, Russ, Sergeyev, Oleg, Abou Ghayda, Ramy, and Russian Children’s Study
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SEMEN ,SEMEN analysis ,SPERM motility ,SPERM count ,LUTEINIZING hormone ,RESEARCH funding ,LEAD ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Study Question: Are peripubertal blood lead levels (BLLs) associated with semen parameters and serum reproductive hormones among young Russian men?Summary Answer: We observed a suggestion of lower ejaculate volume with higher peripubertal BLL but no associations of BLLs with reproductive hormones measured throughout adolescence or with other sperm parameters measured at adulthood.What Is Known Already: Lead is a known reproductive toxicant and endocrine disruptor. Previous literature has shown associations between high lead exposure and poorer semen quality both in occupationally and environmentally exposed men. However, to our knowledge, no longitudinal studies have explored the association of childhood lead exposure with semen parameters and reproductive hormones in young men.Study Design, Size, Duration: The Russian Children's Study is a prospective cohort study that enrolled 516 boys at age 8-9 years in 2003-2005 and followed them annually for 10 years. BLLs were measured at entry and lifestyle and health questionnaires were completed. Reproductive hormones were measured in blood samples collected every 2 years.Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: Among the 516 boys enrolled, 481 had BLLs measured at entry. Of these, 453 had at least one measurement of serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH) (median = 5 samples per boy) and 223 had semen samples collected ∼10 years after enrolment. Semen assessment included ejaculated volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility and total sperm count, and parameters were categorized using published andrology standards for low semen quality based on sperm count and motility. Linear mixed models were used to examine the associations of log-transformed BLLs (and BLL categories) with reproductive hormones and semen parameters, adjusting for potential confounders.Main Results and the Role Of Chance: Among the 223 young men with peripubertal BLLs and at least one semen sample (total samples = 438), the median (interquartile range) BLL was 3 (2, 5) µg/dl and 27% had BLL ≥5 µg/dl. Overall, 49% of the semen samples fell below reference levels for sperm count and/or motility. Men with peripubertal BLL ≥5 µg/dl had significantly lower ejaculated volume than those with BLL <5 µg/dl (mean = 2.42 vs 2.89 ml, P = 0.02), but this difference was attenuated in adjusted models (mean = 2.60 vs 2.83 ml, P = 0.25). No associations were observed between BLL measured at age 8-9 years and reproductive hormone levels or sperm parameters, including sperm concentration, total count, progressive motility and total progressive motile sperm count, or with the probability of having low semen quality based on sperm count/motility.Limitations, Reasons For Caution: Only a subset of the original cohort participated in the semen quality portion of the study, although inverse probability weighting was used to account for possible selection bias. BLLs were only measured at a single time in peripuberty, and other exposure time periods, including later or longer-term childhood exposure, may be more predictive of semen quality. The young men were also exposed to other chemical contaminants before and during pubertal development.Wider Implications Of the Findings: While semen volume often receives less attention than other sperm parameters, it is an important component of male fertility. Additional prospective studies covering different exposure windows and including other seminal plasma biomarkers are warranted to explore our finding of potentially lower ejaculated volume with higher BLLs and to confirm the lack of associations for other semen parameters among youth exposed to environmental BLLs.Study Funding/competing Interest(s): Funding was provided through grants R01ES0014370 and P30ES000002 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, grant R82943701 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and grant 18-15-00202 from the Russian Science Foundation (O.S and Y.D.). All authors report no competing interests.Trial Registration Number: N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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4. Genetic and environmental influences on sleep-wake behaviors in adolescence.
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O'Callaghan, Victoria S., Hansell, Narelle K., Wei Guo, Carpenter, Joanne S., Haochang Shou, Strike, Lachlan T., Crouse, Jacob J., McAloney, Kerrie, McMahon, Katie L., Byrne, Enda M., Burns, Jane M., Martin, Nicholas G., Hickie, Ian B., Merikangas, Kathleen R., and Wright, Margaret J.
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GENETICS ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SLEEP disorders ,SLEEP ,ENVIRONMENTAL health ,ACCELEROMETRY ,TEENAGERS' conduct of life ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Study Objectives: To investigate the influence of genetic and environmental factors on sleep-wake behaviors across adolescence. Methods: Four hundred and ninety-five participants (aged 9-17; 55% females), including 93 monozygotic and 117 dizygotic twin pairs, and 75 unmatched twins, wore an accelerometry device and completed a sleep diary for 2 weeks. Results: Individual differences in sleep onset, wake time, and sleep midpoint were influenced by both additive genetic (44%-50% of total variance) and shared environmental (31%-42%) factors, with a predominant genetic influence for sleep duration (62%) and restorative sleep (43%). When stratified into younger (aged 9-14) and older (aged 16-17) subsamples, genetic sources were more prominent in older adolescents. The moderate correlation between sleep duration and midpoint (rP = -.43, rG = .54) was attributable to a common genetic source. Sleep-wake behaviors on school and nonschool nights were correlated (rP = .44-.72) and influenced by the same genetic and unique environmental factors. Genetic sources specific to night-type were also identified, for all behaviors except restorative sleep. Conclusions: There were strong genetic influences on sleep-wake phenotypes, particularly on sleep timing, in adolescence. Moreover, there may be common genetic influences underlying both sleep and circadian rhythms. The differences in sleep-wake behaviors on school and nonschool nights could be attributable to genetic factors involved in reactivity to environmental context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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5. High-Throughput Screening of Kawasaki Disease Sera for Antiviral Antibodies.
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Quiat, Daniel, Kula, Tomasz, Shimizu, Chisato, Kanegaye, John T, Tremoulet, Adriana H, Pitkowsky, Zachary, Son, MaryBeth, Newburger, Jane W, Elledge, Stephen J, and Burns, Jane C
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MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,VIRUS diseases ,VIRAL tropism ,AMINO acid sequence - Abstract
Clinical features of Kawasaki disease (KD) display overlap with common pediatric viral illnesses, leading some to hypothesize that a viral infection is the inciting event for KD. To investigate viral infection history in KD patients, we performed comprehensive serological profiling using a high-throughput phage immunoprecipitation sequencing assay covering the complete reference protein sequences of known viruses with human tropism. KD and matched febrile control sera did not demonstrate differences in antiviral antibody profiles. We conclude that in the acute and subacute phases of disease, KD patients do not exhibit serologic evidence of exposure to known viruses that differs from controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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6. PRINCESS: Privacy-protecting Rare disease International Network Collaboration via Encryption through Software guard extensionS.
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Feng Chen, Shuang Wang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Sijie Ding, Yao Lu, Jihoon Kim, Sahinalp, S. Cenk, Chisato Shimizu, Burns, Jane C., Wright, Victoria J., Png, Eileen, Hibberd, Martin L., Lloyd, David D., Hai Yang, Telenti, Amalio, Bloss, Cinnamon S., Fox, Dov, Lauter, Kristin, and Ohno-Machado, Lucila
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RARE diseases ,PRIVACY ,DATA encryption ,CANNING & preserving ,GENETIC databases ,DNA - Abstract
Motivation: We introduce PRINCESS, a privacy-preserving international collaboration framework for analyzing rare disease genetic data that are distributed across different continents. PRINCESS leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and hardware for trustworthy computation. Unlike a traditional international collaboration model, where individual-level patient DNA are physically centralized at a single site, PRINCESS performs a secure and distributed computation over encrypted data, fulfilling institutional policies and regulations for protected health information. Results: To demonstrate PRINCESS' performance and feasibility, we conducted a family-based allelic association study for Kawasaki Disease, with data hosted in three different continents. The experimental results show that PRINCESS provides secure and accurate analyses much faster than alternative solutions, such as homomorphic encryption and garbled circuits (over 40 000x faster). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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7. Low Fecal Calprotectin Correlates with Histological Remission and Mucosal Healing in Ulcerative Colitis and Colonic Crohn's Disease.
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Zittan, Eran, Kelly, Orlaith B., Kirsch, Richard, Milgrom, Raquel, Burns, Jane, Nguyen, Geoffrey C., Croitoru, Ken, Van Assche, Gert, Silverberg, Mark S., and Hillary Steinhart, A.
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- 2016
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8. In Vitro Antibiotic Susceptibility of Initial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates From United States Cystic Fibrosis Patients.
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VanDevanter, Donald R., Van Dalfsen, Jill M., Burns, Jane L., and Mayer-Hamblett, Nicole
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CYSTIC fibrosis ,PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa ,ANTIBIOTICS ,DISEASE susceptibility ,DRUG resistance in bacteria - Abstract
Chronic antibiotic suppression of cystic fibrosis (CF) infections has increased in the United States, as has isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with reduced antibiotic susceptibility. However, analysis of the susceptibilities of 193 initial P aeruginosa clinical isolates suggests that antibiotic susceptibilities are comparable with wild-type strains despite expanded antipseudomonal treatment in the CF community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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9. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis Patients With G551D-CFTR Treated With Ivacaftor.
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Heltshe, Sonya L., Mayer-Hamblett, Nicole, Burns, Jane L., Khan, Umer, Baines, Arthur, Ramsey, Bonnie W., and Rowe, Steven M.
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CYSTIC fibrosis treatment ,CYSTIC fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ,PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa infections ,DISEASE complications ,TREATMENT effectiveness - Abstract
This is the first assessment of microbiologic changes associated with ivacaftor treatment of cystic fibrosis patients with the G551D mutation, and demonstrates a significant reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting that cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulation may modify disease course by altering respiratory microbiology.Background. Ivacaftor improves outcomes in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with the G551D mutation; however, effects on respiratory microbiology are largely unknown. This study examines changes in CF respiratory pathogens with ivacaftor and correlates them with baseline characteristics and clinical response.Methods. The G551D Observational Study enrolled a longitudinal observational cohort of US patients with CF aged 6 years and older with at least 1 copy of the G551D mutation. Results were linked with retrospective and prospective culture data in the US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation's National Patient Registry. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection category in the year before and year after ivacaftor was compared and correlated with clinical findings.Results. Among 151 participants prescribed ivacaftor, 29% (26/89) who were culture positive for P. aeruginosa the year prior to ivacaftor use were culture negative the year following treatment; 88% (52/59) of those P. aeruginosa free remained uninfected. The odds of P. aeruginosa positivity in the year after ivacaftor compared with the year prior were reduced by 35% (odds ratio [OR], 0.65; P < .001). Ivacaftor was also associated with reduced odds of mucoid P. aeruginosa (OR, 0.77; P = .013) and Aspergillus (OR, 0.47; P = .039), but not Staphylococcus aureus or other common CF pathogens. Patients with intermittent culture positivity and higher forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were most likely to turn culture negative. Reduction in P. aeruginosa was not associated with change in FEV1, body mass index, or hospitalizations.Conclusions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture positivity was significantly reduced following ivacaftor treatment. Efficacious CFTR modulation may contribute to lower frequency of culture positivity for P. aeruginosa and other respiratory pathogens, particularly in patients with less established disease. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2015
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10. Association Between Chlorinated Pesticides in the Serum of Prepubertal Russian Boys and Longitudinal Biomarkers of Metabolic Function.
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Burns, Jane S., Williams, Paige L., Korrick, Susan A., Hauser, Russ, Sergeyev, Oleg, Revich, Boris, Lam, Thuy, and Lee, Mary M.
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METABOLIC disorders , *BIOMARKERS , *BLOOD testing , *BLOOD sugar , *CHLORINE compounds , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *STATISTICAL correlation , *GOODNESS-of-fit tests , *INSULIN resistance , *LONGITUDINAL method , *PESTICIDES , *REGRESSION analysis , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICS , *LEPTIN , *ENVIRONMENTAL exposure , *SECONDARY analysis , *BODY mass index , *REPEATED measures design , *DISEASE prevalence , *STATISTICAL models , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *CHILDREN , *DISEASE risk factors ,INSULIN resistance risk factors - Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been linked to adult metabolic disorders; however, few studies have examined these associations in childhood. We prospectively evaluated the associations of baseline serum OCPs (hexachlorobenzene, β-hexachlorocyclohexane, and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) in Russian boys with subsequent repeated measurements of serum glucose, insulin, lipids, leptin, and calculated homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (IR). During 2003–2005, we enrolled 499 boys aged 8–9 years in a prospective cohort; 318 had baseline serum OCPs and serum biomarkers measured at ages 10–13 years. Multivariable generalized estimating equation and mediation regression models were used to examine associations and direct and indirect (via body mass index (BMI) (weight (kg)/height (m)2)) effects of prepubertal OCP tertiles and quintiles with biomarkers. In multivariable models, higher p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (quintile 5 vs. quintile 1) was associated with lower leptin, with relative mean decreases of 61.8% (95% confidence interval: 48.4%, 71.7%) in models unadjusted for BMI and 22.2% (95% confidence interval: 7.1%, 34.9%) in models adjusted for BMI; the direct effect of p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene on leptin accounted for 27% of the total effect. IR prevalence was 6.6% at ages 12–13 years. Higher hexachlorobenzene (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1) was associated with higher odds of IR in models adjusted for BMI (odds ratio = 4.37, 95% confidence interval: 1.44, 13.28). These results suggest that childhood OCPs may be associated with IR and lower leptin. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
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11. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phenotypes Associated With Eradication Failure in Children With Cystic Fibrosis.
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Mayer-Hamblett, Nicole, Ramsey, Bonnie W., Kulasekara, Hemantha D., Wolter, Daniel J., Houston, Laura S., Pope, Christopher E., Kulasekara, Bridget R., Armbruster, Catherine R., Burns, Jane L., Retsch-Bogart, George, Rosenfeld, Margaret, Gibson, Ronald L., Miller, Samuel I., Khan, Umer, and Hoffman, Lucas R.
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CYSTIC fibrosis in children ,DRUG therapy ,PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa ,DISEASE progression ,BIOMARKERS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
We measured in vitro phenotypes of early Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from children with cystic fibrosis in an antibiotic eradication therapy trial. Isolates frequently exhibited phenotypes associated with chronic adaptation. Two phenotypes were correlated with failure to eradicate, representing promising candidate markers.Background. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key respiratory pathogen in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Due to its association with lung disease progression, initial detection of P. aeruginosa in CF respiratory cultures usually results in antibiotic treatment with the goal of eradication. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibits many different phenotypes in vitro that could serve as useful prognostic markers, but the relative relationships between these phenotypes and failure to eradicate P. aeruginosa have not been well characterized.Methods. We measured 22 easily assayed in vitro phenotypes among the baseline P. aeruginosa isolates collected from 194 participants in the 18-month EPIC clinical trial, which assessed outcomes after antibiotic eradication therapy for newly identified P. aeruginosa. We then evaluated the associations between these baseline isolate phenotypes and subsequent outcomes during the trial, including failure to eradicate after antipseudomonal therapy, emergence of mucoidy, and occurrence of an exacerbation.Results. Baseline P. aeruginosa isolates frequently exhibited phenotypes thought to represent chronic adaptation, including mucoidy. Wrinkly colony surface and irregular colony edges were both associated with increased risk of eradication failure (hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals], 1.99 [1.03–3.83] and 2.14 [1.32–3.47], respectively). Phenotypes reflecting defective quorum sensing were significantly associated with subsequent mucoidy, but no phenotype was significantly associated with subsequent exacerbations during the trial.Conclusions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa phenotypes commonly considered to reflect chronic adaptation were observed frequently among isolates at early detection. We found that 2 easily assayed colony phenotypes were associated with failure to eradicate after antipseudomonal therapy, both of which have been previously associated with altered biofilm formation and defective quorum sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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12. Staphylococcus aureus Small-Colony Variants Are Independently Associated With Worse Lung Disease in Children With Cystic Fibrosis.
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Wolter, Daniel J., Emerson, Julia C., McNamara, Sharon, Buccat, Anne M., Qin, Xuan, Cochrane, Elizabeth, Houston, Laura S., Rogers, Geraint B., Marsh, Peter, Prehar, Karandeep, Pope, Christopher E., Blackledge, Marcella, Déziel, Eric, Bruce, Kenneth D., Ramsey, Bonnie W., Gibson, Ronald L., Burns, Jane L., and Hoffman, Lucas R.
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CYSTIC fibrosis in children ,LUNG diseases ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus ,ANTIBIOTICS ,DRUG resistance in bacteria ,SULFAMETHOXAZOLE - Abstract
Few clinical laboratories currently culture for slow-growing, antibiotic-resistant mutants of Staphylococcus aureus known as small-colony variants (SCVs). We found that SCVs commonly infect children with cystic fibrosis lung disease. SCV infection was independently associated with significantly worse lung disease.Background. Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is associated with diverse bacteria chronically infecting the airways. Slow-growing, antibiotic-resistant mutants of Staphylococcus aureus known as small-colony variants (SCVs) have been isolated from respiratory secretions from European adults and children with CF lung disease using specific but infrequently used culture techniques. Staphylococcus aureus SCVs can be selected either by exposure to specific antibiotics or by growth with another CF pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We sought to determine the prevalence, clinical significance, and likely mechanisms of selection of S. aureus SCVs among a US cohort of children with CF.Methods. We performed a 2-year study of 100 children with CF using culture techniques sensitive for S. aureus SCVs, and evaluated associations with clinical characteristics using multivariable regression models.Results. Staphylococcus aureus SCV infection was detected among 24% of participants and was significantly associated with a greater drop in lung function during the study (P = .007, adjusted for age and lung function at enrollment). This association persisted after adjusting for infection with other known CF pathogens, including P. aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Evidence indicated that S. aureus SCVs were likely selected in vivo by treatment with the antibiotic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and possibly by coinfection with P. aeruginosa.Conclusions. Infection with SCV S. aureus was independently associated with worse CF respiratory outcomes in this pediatric cohort. As many clinical microbiology laboratories do not specifically detect S. aureus SCVs, validation and extension of these findings would require widespread changes in the usual laboratory and clinical approaches to these bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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13. Mental health promotion in the Internet age: a consultation with Australian young people to inform the design of an online mindfulness training programme.
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Monshat, Kaveh, Vella-Brodrick, Dianne, Burns, Jane, and Herrman, Helen
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HUMAN services programs ,CARING ,COGNITIVE therapy ,CURRICULUM ,HEALTH promotion ,INTERNET ,INTERVIEWING ,REWARD (Psychology) ,SELF-management (Psychology) ,QUALITATIVE research ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Mindfulness training (MT) has been shown to lead to significant improvements in psychological distress and emotion regulation skills. The Internet has many advantages as a medium for building emotional skills in young people. The aim of this study was to involve young people in designing an online MT programme. A draft programme was initially designed based on a review of the literature and an established face-to-face programme for medical students. Twenty young people were then recruited through online advertising and 13 (age 16–26) interviewed. They were asked to comment on how useful, easy to use and enjoyable they found the proposed programme and how the draft version and its planned evaluation strategy could be improved. Interviewee responses were independently processed by two of the authors within a qualitative thematic analysis paradigm. The results showed that young people were eager to engage with the design of this health promotion programme and provided valuable input. All interviewees believed that young people would find the programme desirable. They provided a variety of suggestions about how training structure and content could be improved, how best it could be evaluated and how young people could be encouraged to engage with and complete the programme. It thus appears that online MT is a feasible mental health promotion strategy for young people and that it can be evaluated in a controlled trial. The result of this consultation process was the Mindful Awareness Training and Education (MATE) programme, which has been detailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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14. Antibacterial activities of a fosfomycin/tobramycin combination: a novel inhaled antibiotic for bronchiectasis.
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MacLeod, David L., Barker, Lynn M., Sutherland, Jennifer L., Moss, Suzanne C., Gurgel, Jesse L., Kenney, Thomas F., Burns, Jane L., and Baker, William R.
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FOSFOMYCIN ,TOBRAMYCIN ,CYSTIC fibrosis ,BRONCHIECTASIS ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Objectives: To compare the in vitro and in vivo activities of a 4:1 (w/w) fosfomycin/tobramycin combination (FTI) with those of fosfomycin and tobramycin alone against cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF bronchiectasis pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2009
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15. Gene Transcript Abundance Profiles Distinguish Kawasaki Disease from Adenovirus Infection.
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Popper, Stephen J., Watson, Virginia E., Shimizu, Chisato, Kanegaye, John T., Burns, Jane C., and Relman, David A.
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MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome ,GENETIC transcription ,ADENOVIRUS diseases ,DNA microarrays ,GENE expression ,JUVENILE diseases ,PREVENTIVE medicine ,COMMUNICABLE disease treatment - Abstract
Background. Acute Kawasaki disease (KD) is difficult to distinguish from other illnesses that involve acute rash or fever, in part because the etiologic agent(s) and pathophysiology remain poorly characterized. As a result, diagnosis and critical therapies may be delayed. Methods. We used DNA microarrays to identify possible diagnostic features of KD. We compared gene expression patterns in the blood of 23 children with acute KD and 18 age-matched febrile children with 3 illnesses that resemble KD. Results. Genes associated with platelet and neutrophil activation were expressed at higher levels in patients with KD than in patients with acute adenovirus infections or systemic adverse drug reactions, but levels in patients with KD were not higher than those in patients with scarlet fever. Genes associated with B cell activation were also expressed at higher levels in patients with KD than in control subjects. A striking absence of interferonstimulated gene expression in patients with KD was confirmed in an independent cohort of patients with KD. Using a set of 38 gene transcripts, we successfully predicted the diagnosis for 21 of 23 patients with KD and 7 of 8 patients with adenovirus infection. Conclusions. These findings provide insight into the molecular features that distinguish KD from other febrile illnesses and support the feasibility of developing novel diagnostic reagents for KD based on the host response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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16. Unique Lipid A Modifications in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from the Airways of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
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Ernst, Robert K., Moskowitz, Samuel M., Emerson, Julia C., Kraig, Gretchen M., Adams, Kristin N., Harvey, Megan D., Ramsey, Bonnie, Speert, David P., Burns, Jane L., and Miller, Samuel I.
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PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa ,LIPIDS ,CYSTIC fibrosis ,GENETIC disorders ,LUNG diseases ,PSEUDOMONAS ,ANTIVIRAL agents ,PREVENTIVE medicine ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Three structural features of lipid A (addition of palmitate [C16 fatty acid], addition of aminoarabinose [positively charged amino sugar residue], and retention of 3-hydroxy- decanoate [3-OH C10 fatty acid]) were determined for Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF; n = 86), from the environment (n = 13), and from patients with other conditions (n = 14). Among P. aeruginosa CF isolates, 100% had lipid A with palmitate, 24.6% with aminoarabinose, and 33.3% retained 3-hydroxydecanoate. None of the isolates from the environment or from patients with other conditions displayed these modifications. These results indicate that unique lipid A modifications occur in clinical P. aeruginosa CF isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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17. Human Coronavirus NL63 Is Not Detected in the Respiratory Tracts of Children with Acute Kawasaki Disease.
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Shimizu, Chisato, Shike, Hiroko, Baker, Susan C., Garcia, Francesca, van der Hoek, Lia, Kuijpers, Taco W., Reed, Sharon L., Rowley, Anne H., Shulman, Stanford T., Talbot, Helen K. B., Williams, John V., and Burns, Jane C.
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CORONAVIRUS diseases ,MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome ,POLYMERASE chain reaction ,INFLAMMATION ,VASCULITIS ,VASCULAR diseases - Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limited, systemic vasculitis of children for which an infectious trigger is suspected. Recently, an association between KD and human coronavirus (HCoV)-New Haven (NH) was reported, on the basis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers that also amplified HCoV-NL63. We investigated the possible association between these HCoVs in the respiratory tract and KD by reverse-transcriptase (RT) PCR and viral culture in a geographically and ethnically diverse population. Only 1 (2%) of 48 patients with acute KD was positive by RT-PCR for HCoV-NL63/NH in a nasopharyngeal swab. These data do not support an association between these HCoVs and KD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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18. Genetic variations in the receptor-ligand pair CCR5 and CCL3L1 are important determinants of susceptibility to Kawasaki disease.
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Burns, Jane C., Shimizu, Chisato, Gonzalez, Enrique, Kulkarni, Hemant, Patel, Sukeshi, Shike, Hiroko, Sundel, Robert S., Newburger, Jane W., and Ahuja, Sunil K.
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MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome , *GENETIC polymorphisms , *ANEURYSMS , *ARTERITIS , *COMMUNICABLE diseases in children , *VASCULAR diseases , *THERAPEUTIC use of immunoglobulins , *BIOLOGICAL models , *CELL receptors , *COMPARATIVE studies , *CYTOKINES , *DISEASE susceptibility , *GENETICS , *GENETIC techniques , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *RESEARCH , *VASCULITIS , *GENETIC markers , *EVALUATION research - Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an enigmatic, self-limited vasculitis of childhood that is complicated by development of coronary-artery aneurysms. The high incidence of KD in Asian versus European populations prompted a search for genetic polymorphisms that are differentially distributed among these populations and that influence KD susceptibility. Here, we demonstrate a striking, inverse relationship between the worldwide distribution of CCR5- Delta 32 allele and the incidence of KD. In 164 KD patient-parent trios, 4 CCR5 haplotypes including the CCR5- Delta 32 allele were differentially transmitted from heterozygous parents to affected children. However, the magnitude of the reduced risk of KD associated with the CCR5- Delta 32 allele and certain CCR5 haplotypes was significantly greater in individuals who also possessed a high copy number of the gene encoding CCL3L1, the most potent CCR5 ligand. These findings, derived from the largest genetic study of any systemic vasculitis, suggest a central role of CCR5-CCL3L1 gene-gene interactions in KD susceptibility and the importance of gene modifiers in infectious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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19. Conservation of a novel protein associated with an antibiotic efflux operon in Burkholderia cenocepacia
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Nair, Bindu M., Joachimiak, Lukasz A., Chattopadhyay, Sujay, Montano, Idalia, and Burns, Jane L.
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CYSTIC fibrosis ,ANTIBIOTICS ,ENZYMES ,GENES - Abstract
Abstract: Burkholderia cenocepacia is a significant problem in individuals with cystic fibrosis and is a member of the B. cepacia complex of closely related antibiotic resistant bacteria. A salicylate-regulated antibiotic efflux operon has been identified in B. cenocepacia and one of its four genes, llpE, is without parallel in previously reported efflux operons. PCR amplification and sequencing of llpE from B. cepacia complex isolates demonstrated the highest prevalence in B. cenocepacia with a high degree of sequence conservation. While at least one non-synonymous mutation was identified between isolates from different genomovars, only synonymous differences were identified within the IIIA and IIIB sub-groups of B. cenocepacia. Structural modeling suggests that LlpE is a member of the α/β hydrolase enzyme family. Identification of strong structural homology to hydrolases and a high degree of conservation in B. cenocepacia suggests an enzymatic function for LlpE, benefiting survival in the cystic fibrosis lung. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2005
- Full Text
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20. Recurrent Kawasaki Disease-like Syndrome in a Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
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Blanchard, Jennifer N., Powell, Henry C., Freeman, William R., Letendre, Scott, Blanchard, Daniel, Shimizu, Chisato, and Burns, Jane C.
- Subjects
MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome ,AIDS ,VASCULITIS ,TISSUE analysis - Abstract
Studies recurrent Kawasaki disease-like syndrome (KDLS) in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Etiological relationship between vasculitis in children and KDLS in immunocompromised adults; Description of a man with AIDS and Kaposi sarcoma; Results of analysis of conjuctival tissue sample.
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- 2003
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21. Longitudinal Assessment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Young Children with Cystic Fibrosis.
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Burns, Jane L., Yim, Darlene, Gibson, Ronald L., Rosenfeld, Margaret, Ramsey, Bonnie W., McNamara, Sharon, Emerson, Julia, Hiatt, Peter, McCoy, Karen, Castile, Robert, and Smith, Arnold L.
- Subjects
- *
PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa , *CYSTIC fibrosis , *GENETICS , *PATIENTS - Abstract
Focuses on a study which investigated genotypic and phenotypic changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from oropharynx and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid among children with cystic fibrosis. Materials and methods; Results; Discussion.
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- 2001
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- View/download PDF
22. Aminoglycoside-Resistance Mechanisms for Cystic Fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Are...
- Author
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MacLeod, David L., Nelson, Laura E., Shawar, Ribhi M., Lin, Betty B., Lockwood, Luann G., Dirks, Joy E., Miller, George H., Burns, Jane L., and Garber, Richard L.
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DRUG resistance in microorganisms ,PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa ,AMINOGLYCOSIDES ,TOBRAMYCIN - Abstract
Tests the hypothesis that aminoglycoside-resistance mechanisms for cystic fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are unchanged by long-term, intermittent, inhaled tobramycin treatment. Tobramycin-resistance mechanisms found in cystic fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates; Molecular epidemiology.
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- 2000
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23. Effect of Chronic Intermittent Administration of Inhaled Tobramycin on Respiratory Microbial Flora in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
- Author
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Burns, Jane L., Van Dalfsen, Jill M., Shawar, Ribhi M., Otto, Kelly L., Garber, Richard L., Quan, Joanne M., Montgomery, A. Bruce, Albers, Gary M., Ramsey, Bonnie W., and Smith, Arnold L.
- Subjects
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TOBRAMYCIN , *CYSTIC fibrosis , *PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa infections - Abstract
Examines the effect of chronic intermittent administration of inhaled tobramycin on respiratory microbial flora in patients with cystic fibrosis. Effects of pseudomonas aeruginosa endobronchial infection; Patient population; Use of oral and parenteral antibiotics; Isolation of intrinsically tobramycin-resistant organisms; Antibiotic susceptibility; Change in forced expiratory volume (FEV).
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- 1999
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24. Microbiology of Sputum from Patients at Cystic Fibrosis Centers in the United States.
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Burns, Jane L., Emerson, Julia, Stapp, Jenny R., Yim, Darlene L., Krzewinski, Jay, Louden, Laurie, Ramsey, Bonnie W., and Clausen, Carla R.
- Abstract
During a phase III national collaborative study of aerosolized tobramycin (1 July 1995 through 30 September 1996), the microbiology of specimens from 595 patients at 69 cystic fibrosis (CF) centers was examined. Samples from three screening visits were processed in a single laboratory by means of standardized techniques for identification and susceptibility testing. From 1,753 pretreatment specimens, 5,128 pathogens were isolated (average, 2.9/specimen). Of the 3,936 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, 56.7% were mucoid. The specimens of 125 patients (21.0%) yielded tobramycin-resistant P. aeruginosa (213 isolates); 61 (10.3%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; and 52 (8.7%), Alcaligenes xylosoxidans. Isolation of Burkholderia cepacia was an exclusion criterion. Only visit 3 sputum samples were cultured for gram-positive organisms and fungi (n = 465 patients); samples from 201 patients (43.2%) yielded Staphylococcus aureus (18.8% of isolates were oxacillin-resistant), and those from 114 (24.5%) yielded an Aspergillus species. Compared with the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry, the current study identified many more patients colonized with S. maltophilia, A. xylosoxidans, Aspergillus species, and oxacillin-resistant S. aureus, suggesting the utility of standardized processing of CF specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 1998
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- View/download PDF
25. Chronic Hip Pain and Limp in a 3-Year-Old Girl.
- Author
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Salzman, Andrew L., Hoffer, Fredric A., and Burns, Jane C.
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- 1989
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26. Protective Activity of a Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immune Globulin Prepared from Donors Screened by Microneutralization Assay.
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Siber, George R., Leszczynski, Jeanne, Pena-Cruz, Victor, Ferren-Gardner, Carley, Anderson, Roger, Hemming, Val G., Walsh, Edward E., Burns, Jane, McIntosh, Kenneth, Gonin, Rene, and Anderson, Larry J.
- Abstract
To explore the feasibility of preparing a human immune globulin specific for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by screening plasma donors, the ability of seven RSV antibody assays to identify plasma-yielding IgG with high virus-neutralizing and animal-protective activities was compared. IgG prepared from plasma units selected by microneutralization assay had significantly higher activity in protecting mice from respiratory RSV challenge than did IgGs prepared from plasmas selected by three direct ELISAs using purified F protein, G protein, or RSV-infected cell lysate, by two competitive ELISAs with RSV neutralizing monoclonal antibodies directed to the F2 or F3 epitopes of the F protein, or by plaque reduction neutralization. Relative to IgG made from unselected plasma, microneutralization-screened IgG was enriched fivefold by plaque-reduction neutralization assays done with or without complement. The microneutralization assay identified RSV antibodies with highest animal protective activity. This assay will be useful for identifying plasma donors for the preparation of a human immune globulin with high protective activity against RSV and deserves further evaluation for prediction of protective antibody concentrations in children. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1992
27. Strain-Specific Serum Antibody Responses in Infants Undergoing Primary Infection with Respiratory Syncytial Virus.
- Author
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Hendry, R. Michael, Burns, Jane C., Walsh, Edward E., Graham, Barney S., Wright, Peter F., Hemming, Val G., Rodriguez, William J., Kim, Hyun W., Prince, Gregory A., McIntosh, Kenneth, Chanock, Robert M., and Murphy, Brian R.
- Abstract
We sought to characterize the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subgroup-specific antibody response to primary infection with RSV. RSV isolates from 43 infants and young children were typed as either subgroup A (Long strain-like) or B (18537 strain-like) based on reactivity with monoclonal antibodies. Acute-phase or preinfection and convalescent-phase sera were collected from the 43 subjects and tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using purified F and G glycoproteins from RSV subgroups A and B and by neutralization assay against both subgroups of RSV. Twenty-six individuals had rises in titer of antibody to F glycoprotein, 27 to G glycoprotein, and 28 had rises in titer of neutralizing antibody. The antibody responses to homologous and heterologous F glycoproteins were not significantly different. In contrast, homologous vs. heterologous antibody responses to G glycoprotein were significantly different, with 7.3% relatedness between the G glycoproteins of subgroups A and B. Analysis of neutralizing antibody responses revealed 31% relatedness. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 1988
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28. Extreme giant aneurysms of three coronary arteries causing heart failure as late sequelae of Kawasaki disease.
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Ammirati, Enrico, Burns, Jane C., Moreo, Antonella, Daniels, Lori B., and Oliva, Fabrizio
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- 2017
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29. Kawasaki disease and human coronavirus.
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Belay, Ermias D., Erdman, Dean D., Anderson, Larry J., Peret, Teresa C. T., Schrag, Stephanie J., Fields, Barry S., Burns, Jane C., and Schonberger, Lawrence B.
- Subjects
LETTERS to the editor ,MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome ,CORONAVIRUS diseases ,CORONAVIRUSES ,RESPIRATORY organs - Abstract
Presents a letter to the editor about Kawasaki disease and human coronavirus.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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