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1. Disposable diapers decrease the incidence of neonatal infections compared to cloth diapers in a level II neonatal intensive care unit.

Author

Babu, M. Chowdary, Tandur, Baswaraj, Sharma, Deepak, and Murki, Srinivas

Subjects
*SEPTICEMIA prevention, *CROSS infection prevention, *COMMUNICABLE disease epidemiology, *CLOTHING & dress, *COMPARATIVE studies, *CROSS infection, *DIAPERS, *INFANT care, *LONGITUDINAL method, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *NEONATAL intensive care, *RESEARCH, *SEPSIS, *CITY dwellers, *EVALUATION research, *NEONATAL intensive care units, *DISEASE incidence, *DIAPER rash, *ECONOMICS, *PREVENTION
Abstract

Objective: To study whether disposable diapers decrease the incidence of neonatal infections compared with cloth diapers in a level II neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Method and Material: All neonates admitted to the NICU and having duration of stay >48 h were enrolled. Those babies with signs and symptoms of infection were screened with septic screen and/or blood culture. Results: The primary outcome of the study was incidence of probable sepsis. Of 253 babies enrolled in the study period, probable sepsis was present in 101 (39.9%) infants in the total study group and was higher in cloth diaper group as compared with disposable diaper group (p = 0.01). For an average NICU stay of 6 days, cloth diapers would cost Rs. 241 vs. Rs. 162 for disposable diaper for any infant. Conclusion: Usage of disposable diapers decrease the incidence of probable sepsis in babies admitted to NICU. It is also cost effective to use disposable diapers in the NICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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2. The Life Journeys of Young Women Project: Objectives, Design, and Recruitment Results.

Author

Steele, Emily J., Giles, Lynne C., Davies, Michael J., and Moore, Vivienne M.

Subjects
*ACADEMIC achievement, *AGE distribution, *ANALYSIS of variance, *CONCEPTUAL structures, *ECONOMICS, *EMPLOYMENT, *FERTILITY, *INTERPERSONAL relations, *INTERVIEWING, *LIFE change events, *LONGITUDINAL method, *MATERNAL age, *RESEARCH methodology, *PROBABILITY theory, *REAL property, *RESEARCH funding, *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry), *TIME, *UNCERTAINTY, *WOMEN, *CROSS-sectional method, *PROPORTIONAL hazards models, *RETROSPECTIVE studies
Abstract

The Life Journeys of Young Women Project is the first population-based study to examine the role of economic uncertainty throughout early adulthood on age at first childbirth. A retrospective cross-sectional component was added to an existing cohort study that is based on a birth cohort of women born during 1973–1975 in Adelaide, South Australia (n ˜ 1,000). An event history calendar instrument was used to obtain data regarding a range of life domains including partnering, educational attainment, home ownership, higher education debt, employment, and pregnancies over a 20-year period (sometimes as detailed as at monthly intervals). Interviews were conducted between 2007 and 2009. An analysis framework applying time-varying and time-constant survival analysis techniques within a life-course framework was developed that will guide analyses to examine the role of duration and life-course timing of economic uncertainty on age at first childbirth. This paper discusses study objectives and design, fieldwork procedures, planned statistical analyses, and recruitment outcomes, focusing on novel features that would facilitate analogous epidemiologic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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