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Monitoring traps baited with lepidopteran sex pheromones and synthetic floral volatiles were used to collect adult Hymenoptera in fields of cotton and corn. Species from Apoidea, Pompiloidea, Scolioidea, Sphecoidea, and Vespoidea were collected, including the genera Ammophila, Apis, Bombus, Cerceris, Larra, Melissodes, Myzinum, and Tachytes. More Bombus spp. were collected from traps baited with Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) sex pheromone than those baited with phenylacetaldehyde, whereas more Sphecoidea were collected in phenylacetaldehyde-baited traps. Trap design was also an important factor in capture of various species. More Sphecoidea and Tiphioidea were collected in fabric cone-shaped traps than plastic funnel traps. Efforts should be made to develop traps and lures that consistently capture the target pest but do not attract or easily capture aculeate Hymenoptera to preserve beneficial populations.

Parischnogaster nigricans serrei (Du Buysson) constructs a linear series of nonoverlapping cells on roots or hanging threads. Colonies consist of males and both fertilized and unfertilized females. In the single observed nest initiation, a lone female was joined by 4 males who were faithful to the nest and solicited food aggressively from her. Mating was not observed, but aggregations of up to 22 males clustered on roots near nests. Oviposition is indirect, with the egg emitted close to the mouth, then delicately grasped with the mandibles and inserted into the cell. Oviposition is preceded and followed by the emission of a gelatinous material from the ventrally flexed abdomen tip into the mouth. Aided by her anterior legs, the wasp collects and wads this material into a ball, then places it on the cell bottom. More mature larvae presumably are fed with masticated insects. Females eat their own and other females' eggs. Cells with full-grown larvae are sealed by adult females, reopened to extract the fecal remains, and resealed. An essentially linear hierarchy exists among the females on all nests, with only rare evidence of inversion. Both degree of ovarian development and a division of labor are correlated to hierarchy position. The alpha female almost always resides on the nest, where she alternates long periods of immobility with cell inspection, patrol, and aggressive flights against conspecifics approaching the nest. Subordinate females are more often absent, and perform the bulk of the foraging activities. Subordinates contribute to most nest activities, including larval nutrition and ant guard construction, but only the alpha deposits eggs. Fertilized females have significantly larger heads and better-developed ovaries than unfertilized females.

An earlier study on the larvae of the Dolichoderinae was published by the authors in 1951. The present supplement contains descriptions of 9 additional species in the genera Dolichoderus , Forelius and Iridomyrmex . Forelius is new to the authors' collection and is characterized here for the first time. Necessary revisions are made in the 1951 descriptions and additional references to the literature are cited. The body profiles of dolichoderine larvae are classified into 3 generalized types; there is only 1 generalized type of mandible shape. The tubercles of 6 genera ( Dorymyrmex , Iridomyrmex , Bothriomyrmex , Engramma , Tapinoma, and Technomyrmex ) are described and contrasted with the tubercles of ponerine larvae, from which they differ markedly in number, position and shape.

This rather large and extremely interesting genus of ants is known from approximately 80 forms. Only three of these occur in the United States, one of which, Macromischa polita , is new and is described herein. Roger undoubtedly appreciated the complexity of the genus when he so appropriately named it. Although the ants represent some of the most beautiful and striking species known, the wide range in the diversity of their structure and habits has made them extremely difficult to classify clearly. Three subgenera have been erected for the purpose of clarifying the situation, and on the basis of the worker and queen they have been distinguished as follows: Head quadrate, petiolar peduncle short and stout, Antillaemyrmex-Mann ; head not quadrate or the petiolar peduncle more slender, thorax elongate, epinotum unarmed, Croesomyrmex Mann; head not quadrate or the petiolar peduncle more slender, thorax shorter or the epinotum spinose, Macromischa s. str.

Recently I received for determination three workers and four callows of an undescribed ant closely related to Formica moki Wheeler. These specimens were collected by Falconer Smith at Leaven worth, Wash., in an arid region somewhat similar to the regions in which live our honey ants, Myrmecocystus spp. The similarity of appearance is indeed very striking between certain species of Myrmecocystus, Formica moki, and the new subspecies. Wheeler was so puzzled as to the proper subgeneric assignment of moki that he at first placed the species in the rufa group of the typical subgenus, and later transferred it to the subgenus Neoformica Wheeler. The cotypes of moki were collected in the Grand Canyon of Arizona at an altitude of 5,000 to 7,000 feet (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 22: 343–344, 1900). The uncertainty regarding the correct systematic position of moki is shown in the following quotation from Wheeler: “This species seems to belong to the Formica rufa group although certain characters ally it with F.fusca. At first sight it resembles rather deeply colored specimens of the variety neoclara Emery of the latter species, but differs from this and all the other North American Formicae known to me in the very low and flat thorax and the length of the mesoepinotal constriction. In these respects it approaches the forms of the pallide-fulva group, but the surface of the body is subopaque as in the smaller species allied to F. rufa. It will be impossible to assign moki to a precise position until the female is discovered.”

By reason of the attending difficulties in examination, the mouth-parts of insects have not been conceded their rightful place in insect taxonomy. That this department of anatomy offers important clues to the phylogeny of the hymenopterous insects has been indicated by Carl Borner in a classification of this order based largely on characters in tve mouth-parts. The present study was initiated with a view to verifying Borner's findings relative to Vespoidea[*][1] by an examination of a large number of forms in that superfamily. But in the course of work attention became centered around two structures in the labium while the range of examination was extended to the entire order of Hymenoptera. The two labial structures studied are the submentum and, what is here termed, the acroglossal buttons. Observations on their anatomy and remarks on their taxonomic significance will be briefly presented below. [1]: #fn-1

This is a large tribe of 150 species, two-thirds of which are in Leptothorax, the sixth largest genus of ants. Macromischa tallies about 25 species, but none of the other genera can muster as many as a dozen. In fact, seven consist of only a single species and six of these seven have been recorded only once. Wheeler[2][1] included 13 genera in this tribe: Macromischa, Macromischoid.es, Leptothorax, Harpagoxenus, Myrmoxenus, Formicoxenus, Epimyrma, Symmyrmica, Rogeria, Theryella, Lachnomyrmex, Apsychomyrmex and Adelomyrmex. Two have been added since: Chakpoxenus Menozzi 1923 and Myrmetaerus Soudek 1925. [1]: #fn-2

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The senior author with various graduate students has been actively interested in Ohio ants since 1929. The subject has presented two grave difficulties, the “variability” of the material and the use by myrmecologists of relative terms in practically all published descriptions. A phase of the latter is the apparent distaste of many students of ants for the laborious task of making illustrations. In the following pages we have attempted, where it appeared to be especially needed, a more exact statement of spacial relations, of pubescence, hairs, etc. Contours and outlines we have figured. Our last description is a comparison, but with the second commonest North American ant, available to all American students.

The genus Strumigenys is a group of small to very minute ants, those in the Ohio fauna averaging about 2 mm. in length for the workers, though some of the more southern forms are more than twice as large. The thirty or forty known species are recorded from all the continents. The records cover Samoa, New Zealand, Australia, New Guinea, Amboina, Ceylon, Japan, Southern Europe, Central and Southern Africa, the Eastern United States, Cuba, Central America and South America to Argentina.[2][1] Such minute, slow-moving and weak insects must have had eras of time to have spread so widely. It is remarkable that they have retained their generic integrity when spread for so long a time over such a wide and diversified area. [1]: #fn-1

The present paper is bases on material contained in the large Haren Collection of Baltic amber insects recently acquired by the Musuem of Comparative Zoology. It supplements the much more lengthy account dealing with these two families which was prepared some years ago by the writer, from a study of specimens belonging to these families in the collections of the Amber Museum of the University of Konigsberg, and published in 1933.[1][1] [1]: #fn-1

Although the genus Proceratium was erected by Roger in 1863, the few species in this genus are known only from the worker and female phases. This has been due probably to the following reasons: either that myrmecologists have neglected to describe the males which they have collected, or they have not been fortunate enough to find the males associated with the females or workers, or they have failed to collect the males at all.

In 1939, I described as new the ant, Formica habrogyna . Some time after that a formicologist wrote me that he considers habrogyna to be a synonym of difficilis var. consocians Wheeler. Upon further study of long series of all castes of habrogyna and comparisons of them with topotypes of consocians , kindly sent to me by the American Museum of Natural History, I have arrived at an opinion that although habrogyna is undoubtedly identical to consocians, consocians is also well within the limits of specific variation of difficilis .