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Start Over Author "Githure, John" Publisher oxford university press (oup)
30 results on '"Githure, John"'

2. Irrigation-Induced Environmental Changes Sustain Malaria Transmission and Compromise Intervention Effectiveness

Author

Zhou, Guofa, primary, Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth, additional, Jeang, Brook, additional, Wang, Xiaoming, additional, Zhong, Daibin, additional, Lee, Ming-Chieh, additional, Li, Yiji, additional, Bradley, Lauren, additional, Gobran, Sabrina R, additional, David, Randy E, additional, Ondeto, Benyl M, additional, Orondo, Pauline, additional, Atieli, Harrysone, additional, Githure, John I, additional, Githeko, Andrew K, additional, Kazura, James, additional, and Yan, Guiyun, additional

Published
2022
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3. Monooxygenase Levels and Knockdown Resistance (kdr) Allele Frequencies in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya

Author

Chen, Hong, Githeko, Andrew K, Githure, John I, Mutunga, James, Zhou, Guofa, and Yan, Guiyun

Subjects
Insecticides, and promotion of well-being, Medical and Health Sciences, Mixed Function Oxygenases, Insecticide Resistance, Rare Diseases, Gene Frequency, Tropical Medicine, Anopheles, Pyrethrins, Animals, Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions, monooxygenase, 3.2 Interventions to alter physical and biological environmental risks, General Veterinary, Biological Sciences, Prevention of disease and conditions, Anopheles gambiae, Kenya, Malaria, Vector-Borne Diseases, Anopheles arabiensis, Good Health and Well Being, Infectious Diseases, kdr, Insect Science, Parasitology, Infection
Abstract

Pyrethroid-treated bed-nets and indoor spray are important components of malaria control strategies in Kenya. Information on resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in Anopheles gambiae and An. arabiensis populations is essential to the selection of appropriate insecticides and the management of insecticide resistance. Monooxygenase activity and knockdown resistance (kdr) allele frequency are biochemical and molecular indicators of mosquito resistance to pyrethroids. This study determined baseline information on monooxygenase activity and kdr allele frequency in anopheline mosquitoes in the western region, the Great Rift Valley-central region, and the coastal region of Kenya. In total, 1,990 field-collected individuals, representing 12 An. gambiae and 22 An. arabiensis populations were analyzed. We found significant among-population variation in monooxygenase activity in An. gambiae and An. arabiensis and substantial variability among individuals within populations. Nine of 12 An. gambiae populations exhibited significantly higher average monooxygenase activity than the susceptible Kisumu reference strain. The kdr alleles (L1014S) were detected in three An. gambiae populations, and one An. arabiensis population in western Kenya, but not in the Rift Valley-central region and the coastal Kenya region. All genotypes with the kdr alleles were heterozygous, and the conservative estimation of kdr allele frequency was below 1% in these four populations. Information on monooxygenase activity and kdr allele frequency reported in this study provided baseline data for monitoring insecticide resistance changes in Kenya during the era when large-scale insecticide-treated bed-net and indoor residual spray campaigns were being implemented.

Published
2008

4. Evaluation of Four Sampling Techniques for Surveillance of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Other Mosquitoes in African Rice Agroecosystems

Author

Josephat Shililu, Simon Muriu, Ephantus J. Muturi, Githure John, Robert J. Novak, Charles M. Mbogo, Benjamin G. Jacob, and Joseph M. Mwangangi

Subjects
Agroecosystem, Veterinary medicine, Mosquito Control, Culex, Animals, Malaria vector, Ovum, Aedes, General Veterinary, biology, Ecology, Anopheles, Agriculture, Oryza, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Kenya, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culicidae, Infectious Diseases, Population Surveillance, Insect Science, Vector (epidemiology), Female, Parasitology, Mansonia
Abstract

Field studies were conducted in a rice, Oryza sativa L., agroecosystem in Mwea Kenya to compare the efficiency of CO2-baited Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps against nonbaited CDC light traps and gravid traps against oviposition traps in outdoor collection of Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) and other mosquitoes. Collectively, 21 mosquito species from the genera Culex, Anopheles, Mansonia, Ficalbia, and Aedes were captured during the 10-wk study period. Cx. quinquefasciatus was the predominant species in all trap types with proportions ranging from 57% in the nonbaited CDC light traps to 95% in the gravid traps. Significantly higher numbers of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Culex annulioris Theobald were collected in the CO2-baited CDC light traps than in the nonbaited CDC light traps, but the numbers of other mosquito species, including malaria vectors Anopheles arabiensis Patton and Anopheles funestus Giles did not differ significantly between the two trap types. More Cx. quinquefasciatus females were collected in grass infusion-baited gravid traps than egg rafts of this species in oviposition traps containing the same infusion. Although most mosquitoes captured in CO,-baited and nonbaited CDC light traps were unfed, most of those collected in gravid traps were gravid. From these findings, it is concluded that at least in the rice-growing area of Mwea Kenya, CO2-baited CDC light traps in conjunction with gravid traps can be used in monitoring of Cx. quinquefasciatus both for control and disease surveillance.

Published
2007

20. Larval Habitat Diversity and Ecology of Anopheline Larvae in Eritrea

Author

Shililu, Josephat, primary, Ghebremeskel, Tewolde, additional, Seulu, Fessahaye, additional, Mengistu, Solomon, additional, Fekadu, Helen, additional, Zerom, Mehari, additional, Ghebregziabiher, Asmelash, additional, Sintasath, David, additional, Bretas, Gustavo, additional, Mbogo, Charles, additional, Githure, John, additional, Brantly, Eugene, additional, Novak, Robert, additional, and Beier, John C., additional

Published
2003
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