1. Pixel reassignment in image scanning microscopy with a doughnut beam: example of maximum likelihood restoration
- Author
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Marco Castello, Giorgio Tortarolo, Eli Slenders, Paolo Bianchini, Colin J. R. Sheppard, Alberto Diaspro, Sami Koho, Giuseppe Vicidomini, and Takahiro Deguchi
- Subjects
Physics ,Point spread function ,Microscope ,Pixel ,business.industry ,Detector ,Resolution (electron density) ,Signal ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Pinhole (optics) ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Adaptive optics ,business - Abstract
In image scanning microscopy, the pinhole of a confocal microscope is replaced by a detector array. The point spread function for each detector element can be interpreted as the probability density function of the signal, the peak giving the most likely origin. This thus allows a form of maximum likelihood restoration, and compensation for aberrations, with similarities to adaptive optics. As an example of an aberration, we investigate theoretically and experimentally illumination with a vortex doughnut beam. After reassignment and summation over the detector array, the point spread function is compact, and the resolution and signal level higher than in a conventional microscope.
- Published
- 2021
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