Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is a leading global cause of disability (Vos, Theo., 2017). Low back pain is the most prevalent MSD condition, but MSD in other parts of the body is common as well (Cieza et al., 2020). In this scoping review, focus is on upper and lower limb MSD including shoulder, upper arm, elbow, forearm, wrist and fingers, hip, thigh, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot. The review will not include head, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacroiliac and abdominal pain. An essential step in the primary care management of MSD involves a diagnostic triage informed by a focused patient history and clinical examination (Bardin et al., 2017) and a clinical decision-making based on the level of concern to either initiate or continue treatment or refer the patient to further investigations by medical specialists (Finucane et al., 2020). Many individual red flags are found in the literature, and when it comes to patients presenting with thoraco-lumbar pain, efforts have been made to identify which red flags are most relevant within different serious pathologies (Delitto et al., 2012; Finucane et al., 2020; Maselli et al., 2022; Warren et al., 2021). However, there is a lack of identification of red flags when it comes to the suspension of serious pathology in patients presenting with MSD in either the upper or lower limbs. No systematic data collection on this topic has yet been retrieved. The scope of this article is to identify, describe and synthesise peer-reviewed articles describing the presence of red flags indicating serious pathology within neoplasms, fractures, infections, rheumatic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, thrombosis, peripheral arterial diseases, thoracic outlet syndromes, neuromuscular diseases, and diseases in the peripheral nervous system (Kim, 2019; Ponnappan et al., 2015; Warren et al., 2021).