1. Grazing exclosures reveal divergent patterns of change in bunchgrass grasslands of Western Canada
- Author
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Bradfield, Gary E., Cumming, W.F. Preston, Newman, Reg F., and Krzic, Maja
- Subjects
Beef cattle -- Behavior -- Environmental aspects ,Grazing -- Environmental aspects ,Grasslands -- Environmental aspects ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Thirty-six long-term (14-83 years) cattle grazing exclosures and adjacent grazed pastures spanning a climatic gradient from cooler--wetter to warmer--drier growing seasons in south-central British Columbia were compared for temporal vegetation change. Trajectories of temporal vegetation change from non-metric multidimensional scaling were mostly scattered for the grazed areas, but more directed toward the dominant grasses, primarily rough fescue (Festuca campestris) or Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), for the exclosures. Plant community differences, detected only after 10 years of grazing exclusion, were primarily due to structural shifts in overall species cover related to growth increases of the dominant grasses inside exclosures. Species richness remained unchanged between the first and last sampling dates in both grazed areas and exclosures, with both treatments showing moderate degrees (15%-30%) of turnover in species composition. Shannon diversity declined in both treatments as a result of the structural changes in species cover. The results highlight the value of repeated monitoring of long-term exclosures for assessment of grassland resiliency to grazing. Further studies of the interaction of grazing and climate are needed for a more complete understanding of the ongoing vegetation change. Key words: grassland plant communities, temporal change vegetation, rough fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, non-metric multidimensional scaling. Trente-six exclos a long terme de paturage (14-83 ans) pour le betail et les paturages adjacents couvrant un gradient climatique allant de saisons de croissance plus fraiches et humides a des saisons plus chaudes et seches dans le centre-sud de la Colombie-Britannique ont ete compares en matiere de changement temporel de la vegetation. Les trajectoires de changement temporel de la vegetation a partir d'une echelle multidimensionnelle non metrique etaient principalement dispersees pour les zones de paturage, mais plus orientees vers les herbes dominantes, principalement la fetuque scabre (Festuca campestris) ou le paturin des pres (Poa pratensis), pour les exclos. Les differences entre les communautes vegetales, detectees apres 10 ans seulement d'exclusion du paturage, etaient principalement dues a des changements structurels dans la couverture globale des especes lies a l'augmentation de la croissance des herbes dominantes a l'interieur des exclos. La richesse des especes est restee inchangee entre la premiere et la derniere date d'echantillonnage dans les zones de paturage et les exclos, les deux traitements montrant des degres moderes (15-30 %) de renouvellement dans la composition des especes. La diversite de Shannon diminuait dans les deux traitements en raison des changements structurels dans la couverture des especes. Les resultats soulignent l'interet d'une surveillance repetee des exclos a long terme pour evaluer la resilience des prairies au paturage. Des etudes supplementaires sur l'interaction entre le paturage et le climat sont necessaires pour comprendre plus completement le changement de vegetation en cours. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: communautes vegetales des prairies, changement temporel de la vegetation, fetuque scabre, agropyre a epi, paturin des pres, echelle multidimensionnelle non metrique., Introduction Temporal change in plant species richness and community composition has long been a central focus in ecological research. A SpringerLink search for the key words 'temporal change vegetation' identified [...]
- Published
- 2021