1. Species-dependent differences in the inhibition of various potassium currents and in their effects on repolarization in cardiac ventricular muscle
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Arpadffy-Lovas, Tamas, Mohammed, Aiman Saleh A., Naveed, Muhammad, Koncz, Istvan, Balati, Beata, Bitay, Miklos, Jost, Norbert, Nagy, Norbert, Baczko, Istvan, Virag, Laszlo, and Varro, Andras
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Potassium in the body -- Physiological aspects ,Action potentials (Electrophysiology) -- Physiological aspects ,Heart ventricles -- Physiological aspects ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Even though rodents are accessible model animals, their electrophysiological properties are deeply different from those of humans, making the translation of rat studies to humans rather difficult. We compared the mechanisms of ventricular repolarization in various animal models to those of humans by measuring cardiac ventricular action potentials from ventricular papillary muscle preparations using conventional microelectrodes and applying selective inhibitors of various potassium transmembrane ion currents. Inhibition of the [I.sub.K1] current (10 [micro]mol/L barium chloride) significantly prolonged rat ventricular repolarization, but only slightly prolonged it in dogs, and did not affect it in humans. On the contrary, [I.sub.Kr] inhibition (50 nmol/L dofetilide) significantly prolonged repolarization in humans, rabbits, and dogs, but not in rats. Inhibition of the [I.sub.Kur] current (1 [micro]mol/L XEN-D0101) only prolonged rat ventricular repolarization and had no effect in humans or dogs. Inhibition of the [I.sub.Ks] (500 nmol/L HMR-1556) and [I.sub.to] currents (100 [micro]mol/L chromanol-293B) elicited similar effects in all investigated species. We conclude that dog ventricular preparations have the strongest translational value and rat ventricular preparations have the weakest translational value in cardiac electrophysiological experiments. Key words: action potential duration, ion currents, human, comparison Les rongeurs constituent des modeles chez les animaux bien accessibles, mais leurs proprietes electrophysiologiques sont bien differentes de celles des humains, ce qui rend l'application des etudes chez le rat a l'humain plutot difficile. Nous avons compare les modes d'action de la repolarisation ventriculaire dans divers modeles chez les animaux a ceux des humains par l'enregistrement de potentiels d'action dans des preparations de muscle papillaire ventriculaire a l'aide de microelectrodes classiques, de meme que de l'application d'inhibiteurs selectifs de divers canaux potassiques transmembranaires. L'inhibition du courant [I.sub.K1] (chlorure de baryum a 10 [micro]M) entrainait une prolongationmarquee de la repolarisation ventriculaire chez le rat, mais seulement une legere prolongation chez le chien, sans effet sur ce parametre chez l'humain. Inversement, l'inhibition du courant [I.sub.Kr] (dofetilide a 50 nM) entrainait une prolongation marquee chez l'humain, le lapin et le chien, mais pas chez le rat. L'inhibition du courant [I.sub.Kur] (XEN-D0101 a 1 [micro]M) prolongeait la repolarisation ventriculaire uniquement chez le rat, sans effet chez l'humain ni chez le chien. L'inhibition des courants [I.sub.Ks] (HMR-1556 a 500 nM) et [I.sub.to] (chromanol-293B a 100 [micro]M) entrainait des effets similaires chez toutes les especes etudiees. Nous en arrivons a la conclusion que les preparations canines de ventricule permettent de realiser les experiences d'electrophysiologie cardiaque les plus robustes quant a leur application chez l'humain, alors que les moins robustes sur ce plan sont celles qui sont realisees a l'aide de preparations de ventricule de rat. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : duree du potentiel d'action, courants ioniques, humain, comparaison, Introduction The translational value of electrophysiological experiments can be largely dependent on the animal model used (Varro et al. 1993), and some mammalian hearts are more similar to the human [...]
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- 2022
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