Search

A recent study conducted at Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) explored the genetic diversity of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs with pneumonia and pleurisy at slaughter. The research, funded by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation and the National Council For Scientific And Technological Development, found that all lungs examined were positive for M. hyopneumoniae, with diverse genetic profiles indicating the need for further research on potential pathogenic variations. Co-infections with Pasteurella multocida type A (PM), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP), and swine influenza virus A (sIVA) were also detected in the samples. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich conducted a study on influenza A virus in a pig population using artificial intelligence (AI) for monitoring respiratory disease patterns. The AI system, combined with molecular diagnostics, identified various pathogens such as swine influenza A virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory disease virus, and others. The study concluded that AI, along with laboratory diagnostics, can provide valuable insights into the etiology of respiratory distress in pigs. For more information, the research article is available in the journal Viruses. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in the United States during the 2023-24 season, which was characterized by the circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B/Victoria viruses. The study found that the vaccine provided 41% effectiveness against medically attended influenza overall, with varying levels of protection against different virus subtypes. The research suggests that vaccination reduced outpatient influenza cases and provided protection against circulating influenza A and B viruses, with differences observed by age groups and virus genetic subclades. [Extracted from the article]

The research conducted by the Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control in Beijing, China, focused on evaluating the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine against influenza A-associated outpatient and emergency-department-attended influenza-like illness during the delayed 2022-2023 season. The study found that the vaccine had a moderate effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 but a low effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) in Beijing. The researchers suggested the potential need for optimizing vaccination policies and continuous monitoring of influenza to enhance vaccines and improve vaccination timing. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the impact of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and swine influenza A virus infections on respiratory lymph nodes in pigs. It highlights specific mechanisms of PRRSV infection, such as the expression of PD-L1 in macrophages and the influx of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages. The study aims to improve the development of more efficient anti-PRRSV vaccines by comparing these mechanisms with those used by other viruses like HIV and LCMV. The preprint has not been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights for researchers in virology and immunology. [Extracted from the article]

A research study conducted in Guizhou province from 2022 to 2023 analyzed the respiratory virus pathogen spectrum and genetic characteristics of influenza A (H1N1) pdm subtype viruses. The study found that influenza viruses were the most common pathogens in influenza-like cases, with a relatively high proportion of mixed infections. The molecular structure and function of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype viruses remained stable, matching well with vaccine strains, indicating good antibody protection from influenza vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a study on the potential anti-influenza activity of a drug combination of Theobromine and Arainosine. The research aimed to address the challenge of genetic drifts and shifts in the influenza virus that render current prevention and treatment options ineffective. The drug duo showed promising results in inhibiting the virus's channel and outperformed the leading anti-flu drug Oseltamivir in animal models. The study suggests a new treatment option for influenza and a general approach applicable to other viral targets. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Georgia have conducted a study on the adaptation of human-to-swine influenza A virus, focusing on the role of neuraminidase in the process. The study found that mutations in the virus surface proteins, particularly in the low-affinity calcium-binding pocket of neuraminidase, play a crucial role in modulating the virus's activity during adaptation. This research sheds light on the mechanisms involved in influenza A virus adaptation and highlights the importance of calcium binding in the neuraminidase enzyme. The study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food And Agriculture, and the National Pork Board. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) discusses research on influenza A virus, specifically focusing on swine influenza viruses in North America. The researchers developed a portable, one-step, triplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay to detect and distinguish different strains of the virus. They conducted an in-field test at a swine show and identified three distinct swine influenza virus clades. Portable sequencing was used to confirm the results. This assay can be easily transported and used in the field for surveillance and early detection of swine influenza viruses with the potential to cause outbreaks and pandemics in humans. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a universal influenza vaccine by Cambridge Technologies LLC, focusing on eliciting anti-neuraminidase antibodies to combat influenza A viruses. The vaccine aims to address the challenges posed by the genetic variability of influenza strains and the limitations of current vaccines. By utilizing recombinant baculovirus expression vectors expressing neuraminidase, the vaccine seeks to stimulate a broad-spectrum immune response against diverse influenza subtypes, offering potential protection against heterologous infections. [Extracted from the article]

Research from the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover in Germany focused on the dynamics of swine influenza virus infection in weaned piglets in enzootically infected herds. The study aimed to understand infection patterns to improve piglet protection and reduce zoonotic risks. Findings showed prolonged virus shedding in individual piglets and the co-circulation of different virus subtypes, emphasizing the need for close monitoring to enhance animal health and well-being. The research concluded that predominantly weaned piglets were infected, with no evidence of transmission from sow to piglet based on negative nasal swabs from sows and suckling piglets. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) explores the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the immune response to influenza A virus subtype H1N1. The research found that vitamin D status and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) play a role in regulating hematopoiesis, the production of blood cells. The study used transgenic mice to identify immune cells that express the VDR and found that developmental vitamin D deficiency resulted in lingering effects on VDR expression in the adult immune system, compromising the immune response to H1N1 infection. Treating vitamin D-deficient mice with vitamin D partially restored resistance to H1N1 infection. This research suggests that vitamin D and the VDR are important for immune cell development and the immune response to viral infections. [Extracted from the article]

A new report published by investigators at the University of Pittsburgh examines the 1977 "Russian flu" H1N1 pandemic influenza virus. The research suggests that this virus was genetically identical to strains that had circulated decades earlier but had gone extinct in 1957. The report proposes a chronology to explain the reemergence of the virus, including a small outbreak among Army personnel in New Jersey, a nationwide swine influenza vaccine program, and large vaccine research and development studies conducted in China. The research concludes that the fear of a possible H1N1 pandemic played a critical role in the actual pandemic, making it a "self-fulfilling prophecy." [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Helsinki examined the impact of the Swine flu pandemic on general practitioner (GP) visits in Vantaa, Finland. The study found that during the first six months of the pandemic, the number of monthly visits to primary care decreased, particularly among women and individuals aged 20-64. Although the number of visits returned to normal after the pandemic, the overall level of GP visits remained decreased for two years. The study also found that the proportion of visits for common infectious diseases decreased during the pandemic, while the proportion of visits for chronic diseases remained unaffected. These findings suggest that pandemics can have long-lasting effects on primary care activities, particularly among certain age groups, and should be considered in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to the University of Chicago for methods and compositions that can neutralize influenza. The patent describes the use of antibodies, specifically those that target the neuraminidase protein of the influenza virus, to prevent and treat influenza infections. These antibodies have the potential to be effective against multiple strains of influenza A virus. The patent also includes information on the specific sequences of the antibodies and their potential use in pharmaceutical preparations. This research aims to address the limitations of current influenza vaccines and improve protection against the virus. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to the University of Chicago for methods and compositions that can neutralize influenza. Influenza is a respiratory illness that causes millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide each year. The patent focuses on the development of antibodies that can neutralize the influenza virus, particularly the neuraminidase protein. These antibodies have the potential to be used for the treatment and prevention of influenza infections. The patent also includes specific claims related to the antibodies and their therapeutic use. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research have conducted a study on the influenza A virus subtype H1N1. The study focuses on the analytical protocols used in the pharmaceutical analysis of the antiviral agent oseltamivir (Tamiflu). The researchers reviewed various scientific journals and official compendia to provide a comprehensive overview of the analytical protocols used to quantify oseltamivir. They found that while there are several protocols available, there is a lack of comprehensive information on the concentration of oseltamivir in different matrices. This information is crucial for ensuring the quality, efficacy, and safety of the drug. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted at the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute in China has identified two amino acid mutations in the polymerase acidic (PA) protein of Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses that determine their virulence in mice. The study found that these mutations affect viral polymerase activity, replication competence, and pathogenicity. The researchers clarified the specific mechanisms by which these mutations influence viral transcription and replication. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of amino acid residues in the pathogenicity of influenza A viruses. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine Food Science and Engineering (ONIRIS) in France have conducted a study on the impact of swine influenza A virus (swIAV) on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in alveolar macrophages (AMs). The study found that swIAV replication was abortive in AMs, causing cell death at high levels of infection. The presence of swIAV inhibited PRRSV replication in AMs, with an early induction of antiviral genes. The researchers concluded that there are complex interactions between swIAV and PRRSV in porcine AMs, and host factors such as sanitary status may play a role in modulating viral propagation. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln explores the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a dose-sparing Epigraph vaccine against H3 swine influenza A virus (IAV-S). The researchers assessed the vaccine's ability to induce immune responses and protect against three genetically divergent strains of H3 IAV-S. The results showed that the highest dose of the Epigraph vaccine provided protection against all three strains, while lower doses only protected against genetically similar strains. These findings contribute to the development of a low-dose vaccine that offers broad protection against H3 IAV-S. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Brazil investigated the risk factors for death from influenza A(H1N1) during the 2009 epidemic. The study included 305 participants, with 70 cases and 235 controls. The research identified biological factors such as age, pre-existing diseases like congestive heart failure and respiratory disease, and care factors like ICU admission that were associated with death from influenza A(H1N1). The findings of this study can help inform clinical practices and preparations for future influenza epidemics in Brazil. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Sun Yat-sen University in Shenzhen, China, has developed a low-cost and highly sensitive biosensor for the rapid detection of the H1N1 subtype of the Influenza A virus. The biosensor utilizes surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology and DNA probes to detect the target DNA sequence associated with H1N1. The biosensor demonstrated a linear range of detection and excellent selectivity and stability in natural environments. This research presents a promising method for on-site testing of the H1N1 virus. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Chile focused on evaluating the replication kinetics of novel swine Influenza A viruses (IAVs) as a first step in vaccine production. The study used different swine IAV lineages, infection doses, harvest times, and substrates to gather data. The results showed that MDCK cells were the most efficient substrate for generating high titers of the virus. The researchers concluded that these findings could be valuable for vaccine-producing laboratories. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Austral Journal of Veterinary Sciences. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Bergen in Norway explored the impact of pre-existing immunity and age on antibody responses to the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). The study involved 31 children and 26 adults who were vaccinated with the trivalent LAIV during the 2013-2014 influenza season in Norway. The researchers found that LAIV elicited functional and neutralizing antibody responses in both naive and antigen-experienced individuals, but the magnitude and kinetics of the response varied between vaccine strains. The study highlights the importance of considering age and pre-existing immunity when assessing the effectiveness of LAIV. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln has developed a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine that shows promise in protecting against both swine and human-origin H1N1 influenza viruses. The vaccine was effective in inducing a robust immune response in pigs and mice, protecting them from infection with the respective viruses. This research is significant as swine influenza A virus is widespread and causes economic losses to the swine industry, and bidirectional transmission between swine and humans is common. The development of this vaccine could help mitigate the impact of the virus on the swine industry and prevent the emergence of reassortant strains. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University in China explores the effects of basic nursing combined with psychological intervention on the treatment of patients with Influenza A Virus Subtype H1N1. The study involved 80 patients who were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. The results showed that the observation group, which received the combined intervention, had higher treatment compliance, self-care ability, clinical efficacy, lung function, and nursing satisfaction compared to the control group. The researchers concluded that basic nursing combined with psychological intervention can provide various benefits in the treatment of patients with Influenza A Virus Subtype H1N1. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in France from 2019 to 2022 aimed to monitor the genetic and antigenic evolution of swine influenza A viruses (swIAV). The study found a significant increase in H1avN2 cases starting in 2020, which altered the distribution of previously stable subtypes. The emergence of a new genotype, H1avN2#E, became the most frequently detected swIAV genotype across France. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that this genotype likely originated from Denmark and rapidly spread with low genetic diversity. The H1avN2#E virus exhibited more severe clinical outcomes compared to other strains, highlighting the importance of surveillance programs and biosecurity measures to prevent new outbreaks. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences in Lahore, Pakistan, investigated the risk factors associated with influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in tuberculosis (TB) patients with influenza-like illness (ILI). The study followed a cohort of TB patients for 12 weeks and found that 39% of them developed ILI symptoms, with 39 testing positive for influenza A (H1N1)pdm09. The study identified sharing towels as a risk factor for infection and wearing a face mask as a protective factor. This research provides new insights into the risk factors of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 infection among TB patients with ILI. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Robert Koch-Institute in Berlin, Germany, discusses the evolution of the influenza A virus subtype H1N1. The study found that the emergence of oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1) viruses in 2008 was facilitated by secondary neuraminidase substitutions that compensated for the fitness loss due to resistance. These resistant viruses were replaced by oseltamivir-susceptible A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses in 2009. The research identified secondary substitutions in the neuraminidase gene of circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, which increased the probability of antiviral-resistant viruses. The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring the evolution of influenza viruses and developing additional antiviral drugs. [Extracted from the article]

The patent application titled "Isolation And Analysis Of Single Cells Secreting Molecules Using Heterofunctional Particles" presents a composition and method for targeting individual cells and collecting secreted molecules. The invention addresses the challenge of isolating rare live antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells. The composition includes particles with specific units that bind to the secreted molecules and the cells, while the method involves capturing the secreted molecules and sorting the cells based on the detected molecules. This invention has potential applications in detecting, capturing, quantifying, and isolating specific cells based on their secreted molecules, such as antibodies. The patent application provides detailed information for interested readers. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the findings of a study on the transmission and evolution of Influenza A virus (IAV) in swine. The study conducted active surveillance on sow farms and linked nurseries from four different production systems in the United States. The researchers detected six genetic clades from four HA lineages of IAV, including evidence of transmission from sow farm to nursery. They also found human-to-swine transmission events in the H1N1 pandemic clade. The study highlights the importance of regular surveillance activities within production systems to minimize the emergence of novel reassorted viruses and protect animal health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Shaoxing, People's Republic of China, examined the lipid mediators (LMs) in serum from children with H1N1 influenza. The researchers used targeted liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to profile the LMs and found that 22 LM species were altered in children with mild symptoms of H1N1. The study suggests that these dramatically altered LMs could potentially be used as a basis for therapeutics or adjuvants against H1N1 influenza. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between molecular alterations in LMs and the pathogenesis of H1N1 influenza in children. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Shandong Agricultural University discusses research on swine influenza viruses (SIVs) in Shandong Province, China from 2019 to 2022. The study found that 21 reassortant G4 genotype Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 subtypes containing genes from various lineages were isolated. The viruses showed mutation sites that may increase pathogenicity and transmissibility to humans. The research suggests that surveillance should be enhanced to assess the pandemic potential of these viruses. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign has found that natural variation in the activity of the neuraminidase (NA) enzyme can influence the evolutionary potential of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein in the seasonal H1N1 influenza A virus. The researchers observed substantial variation in the activity of NA proteins in a panel of H1N1 vaccine strains isolated between 2009 and 2019. They also found that the specific antibody escape profiles of HA were highly dependent on the NA background. These findings suggest that natural variation in NA activity plays a significant role in shaping the evolution of HA in the currently circulating H1N1 lineage. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Ohio State University have developed and characterized an intranasal vaccine platform using adjuvanted nanoparticulate delivery of swine influenza A virus (SwIAV). The vaccine, which employed whole inactivated H1N2 SwIAV as an antigen and STING-agonist ADU-S100 as an adjuvant, demonstrated high loading efficacy and non-cytotoxic properties suitable for intranasal vaccination. In a pig challenge trial, the intranasal vaccine induced cross-reactive sIgA antibodies in the respiratory tract and reduced viral replication in the nasal cavity. This novel vaccine platform shows potential effectiveness for pig immunization and represents a significant advancement in swine influenza vaccine design. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, explored the association between H1N1 infection and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The researchers investigated the cytokine profile of patients who underwent tonsillectomy and found a noticeable pro-inflammatory Th-1 and Th-17 response in H1N1-stimulated cells. The study highlights the importance of T-cells in mucosal immunity against H1N1 and suggests that intranasal vaccine candidates should trigger both cellular and humoral immune responses. This research provides valuable insights into the immune response to H1N1 infection and could contribute to the development of effective vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine highlights the potential pandemic risk of circulating swine H1N2 influenza viruses. The study found that these viruses have considerable genetic diversity and continue to pose a threat to humans due to a potential lack of population-level immunity. The researchers developed a pipeline to assess the pandemic risk of influenza viruses and found that a specific strain, a-swH1N2, has a higher pandemic potential but a moderate level of impact due to reduced replication fitness and pathology in animals with prior immunity. This research provides valuable insights into the ongoing threat of influenza viruses and the importance of monitoring and prevention efforts. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention in China provides new insights into the genetic characterization of the influenza A virus subtype H1N1. The study found that the virus has acquired mutations that can increase disease severity. However, the recommended vaccine strain A/Wisconsin/67/2022 is still effective against the circulating H1N1 virus in Huzhou. The virus in Huzhou currently has low pathogenicity and is naturally resistant to amantadines. Regular molecular surveillance is important to monitor changes in the virus and the emergence of new strains. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the introduction of human-origin H3N2 Influenza viruses in swine in Chile. The study reveals that there have been two novel introductions of these viruses in Chilean swine during 2023. One strain maintains all the genes from the original human virus, while the other strain is a reassortment of human H3N2 and an H1N2 previously observed on the farm. The findings emphasize the importance of ongoing surveillance and biosecurity in swine farms, and raise questions about the potential impact on viral dynamics in the swine population and public health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Georgia examined the risk of swine influenza A viruses spilling over into human hosts and causing disease. The researchers assessed a contemporary swine influenza isolate and found that it had high replicative ability and a pathogenic phenotype in swine hosts, but limited replication in human primary cell substrates. The study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate models for risk assessment. The findings contribute to the understanding of the potential pandemic risk associated with swine influenza A viruses. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Guangxi University in China has developed a quadruplex one-step reverse-transcription real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay for the simultaneous detection of four respiratory viruses in pigs: porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCoV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (SIV), and pseudorabies virus (PRV). The assay demonstrated high specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability, and it did not cross-react with other viruses. The researchers tested 4,909 clinical specimens collected in Guangxi Province, China, and found positivity rates of 1.36% for PRCoV, 10.17% for PRRSV, 4.87% for SIV, and 0.84% for PRV. The study concluded that the quadruplex RT-qPCR provides an accurate and reliable technique for the simultaneous detection of these four porcine respiratory viruses. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Sungkyunkwan University presents fresh data on the influenza A virus subtype H1N1. The research highlights the resurgence of common viral respiratory infections in several countries following the lifting of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions. The study introduces a potential treatment called 3D8 single chain variable fragment (scFv), which has shown antiviral activity against both influenza A viruses and coronaviruses in co-infection models. The researchers propose that 3D8 scFv could be a promising broad-spectrum drug for treating RNA viruses in co-infection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln explores the challenges and potential strategies for developing a universal vaccine against Swine Influenza A Virus (IAV-S). The research highlights the significant impact of IAV-S on the pork industry and its potential threat to global public health. The study emphasizes the need for a broadly protective vaccine that can address the continuously evolving nature of IAV-S and overcome limitations of current vaccination strategies. The researchers also review novel vaccines and platforms that may improve IAV-S control. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Georgia has found that mRNA vaccines encoding computationally optimized hemagglutinin (HA) can elicit protective antibodies against future antigenically drifted H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses. Traditional seasonal influenza vaccines often provide limited protection against drifted viruses, but the use of mRNA vaccines has shown promise in generating robust neutralizing antibody responses. The study suggests that combining universal influenza antigen design technology with modern vaccine delivery platforms can lead to more effective vaccines against a broader range of influenza virus isolates. This research provides valuable insights into the potential applications of mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases beyond COVID-19. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Palermo in Italy have conducted a study on the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine against the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus subtype during the 2023/24 flu season in Sicily. The study used virologic surveillance data and a test-negative design to estimate vaccine effectiveness. The results showed an overall adjusted vaccine effectiveness of 41.4%, with higher effectiveness observed among children aged 7 months to 14 years (37.9%) and the elderly (52.7%). The study also found higher vaccination rates among influenza-negative samples compared to positive samples in all age groups, except for individuals aged 45-64. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research findings on the influenza A virus subtype H1N1. The study aimed to identify neuraminidase (NA) mutations in the influenza A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 subtypes in the Mazandaran province of Iran from 2016 to 2020. The researchers found no oseltamivir resistance-related mutations, but they did observe variations in the NA gene compared to vaccine strains. The study emphasizes the importance of constant monitoring for the emergence of drug resistance mutations. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV) and its potential to cause the next influenza pandemic. The study conducted a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen and found that knocking out the enzyme gamma glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) inhibited the replication of EA H1N1 SIV. GGCX was also found to be responsible for a specific substitution in the virus, which contributed to its ability to bind to the human-type -2,6 sialic acid receptor. The study suggests that GGCX could be a potential target for antiviral treatment against EA H1N1 SIV. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology in Haryana, India have developed a genosensor for detecting the H1N1 (swine flu) virus. The genosensor is based on a TiO2-adenine nanocomposite modified screen-printed gold electrode and was found to have high sensitivity, a low detection limit, and a wide linear range. The researchers characterized the nanocomposites and precursors using various techniques and optimized the performance of the genosensor. The genosensor showed stability and specificity against human DNA and other pathogens. The researchers concluded that the genosensor could be used as a point-of-care test for swine flu virus detection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Cornell University explores the use of orf virus (ORFV) as a vector platform for delivering chimeric hemagglutinins (HA) of Influenza A virus of swine (IAV-S). The study aims to address the limitations of strain-specific immunity and antigenic diversity in IAV-S strains by redirecting immune responses to conserved epitopes of the stalk segment of the HA2 protein. The researchers generated two recombinant ORFVs expressing chimeric HAs and found that the resulting vaccine candidates induced cross-reactive immune responses and reduced viral shedding in vaccinated piglets. These findings suggest the potential use of chimeric HAs for preventing and controlling influenza in swine. [Extracted from the article]