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The article reports on the confirmation of Pentagon in the U.S. that it had established a small marine base in northern Iraq which is managed by the U.S. Marine Corps. INSET: Names of the Dead..

The article focuses on Turkish troop movements to northern Iraq to support a Kurdish and Sunni Arab forces mission in the fight against the Islamic State, objections from Iraq's Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi against the troop and views of Turkey Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu on the same.

This article reports on the the struggle to control the actions of Kurdish militants operating with freedom in northern Iraq. The militants have attacked and killed Turkish soldiers and Turkey has threatened to attack. The U.S. has put pressure on the Kurdish political leaders to get them to take action against the militants. The Kurdish officials say they don't have the army or resources to fight the militants.

The article reports that Turkey has significantly increased its military presence on its border with Iraq in response to a series of attacks by Kurdish separatist guerrillas Turkey believes operate out of Kurdistan in northern Iraq. Turkey sent troops into Kurdistan three times in the 1990s. The current situation is extremely difficult for the U.S., which is a strong ally of both Turkey and the Iraqi Kurds. A Turkish incursion would be yet another setback for the U.S. presence in Iraq.

The article reports on the 1988 chemical attack on Kurds in northern Iraq and the trial of Saddam Hussein for genocide. Hussein's first trial is nearing an end and the panel of five judges is expected to rule in fall 2006. In Hussein's second trial; he will face charges related to the killing of 50,000 Kurds in a military campaign that lasted from February to September 1988. The article focuses on the difficulties that the court may have in proving that the attacks were ordered by Hussein and constituted genocide.

The article reports that twelve Americans are believed to have been killed after an Army UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter crashed in northern Iraq between the city's of Tal Afar and Mosul. According to the author, bad weather is said to have had a role in the crash, but the Army is not ruling out whether or not hostile fire was involved. Comments regarding the incident from military spokesman Lt. Col Barry Johnson are included. INSET: Charter Schools in New York.

Focuses on relations between Sunni Arabs and U.S. soldiers in Qabr Abed, a Sunni Arab-dominated area of Iraq. Relative safety of this town in northern Iraq; Observation that no U.S. soldiers have been killed or wounded here in five months; How the area is a striking contrast to other Sunni Arab regions where the insurgency continues; Strategy of the President George W. Bush administration in marginalizing Sunni leaders; Why the U.S. administration is now courting Sunni Arabs with strong ties to insurgents; Comments of U.S. soldiers who are working with Sunnis.

Focuses on a mass grave in the desert near Hatra, in northern Iraq, which investigators believe will help convict former dictator Saddam Hussein. Discovery of the burial site by an American investigative team working with an Iraqi tribunal to build cases against Hussein and others in his government; Plan to start the first trial of Hussein by late summer or early fall; Focus of the case on the killings at Dujail, a Shiite village north of Baghdad; Views of American legal advisers; Questions about whether the process can produce a fair trial; How the cases are being built, according to Gregory W. Kehoe, formerly the top U.S. adviser to the tribunal, and other investigators. INSET: Attacks on Kurds.

Focuses on National Guard soldiers deployed in Iraq that struggle to take care of family and career in the United States. Comments from Specialist Shannon A. Cooper, a member of the National Guard deployed in Northern Iraq with the 42nd Infantry Division, regarding her phone call home to her children; How Specialist Selicía Davis copes with the separation from her children and family; How soldiers can file for hardship when family emergencies at home strike; Several examples of National Guard members coping with the stresses of home life while in Iraq.

The article reports on the confirmation of the Turkish government on the entry of its ground troops in northern Iraq to capture Kurdish rebels who had crossed the border after a rebel attack in country has killed 16 soldiers.

The article reports that the Turkish fighter jets have launched a wave of airstrikes in northern Iraq on July 24, 2015, which targeted camps of the militant Kurdistan Worker's Party, also known by the initials of their Kurdish name Partiya Karkeren Kurdistane (P.K.K.).

The article reports on the success of Kurdish forces for retaking and defending the territory in northern Iraq from terrorist group Islamic State (ISIS) in June 2015 which reflects a success story for the U.S. government's policy of coordinating with local ground forces to battle ISIS.

The article reports on the death of Abu Alaa al-Afari, the second-in-command of the Islamic State militant group, in an airstrike of the U.S.-led coalition in northern Iraq as claimed by the Iraqi Ministry of Defense on May 13, 2015.

The article reports on the death of Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri, the former aide and highest ranking officer during the administration of Saddam Hussein, due to clashes with the militiamen in northern Iraq.

The article reports on the attack of the ancient archaeological site of Nimrud in northern Iraq by the militant group Islamic State (ISIS) in February 2015 and damage the ancient structure with heavy vehicles.

The article reports on the kidnapping of several Assyrian Christian villages in the northeastern part of Syria by the extremist Islamist rebel group Islamic State which came as some Christians fled from the minority sects in northern Iraq.

The article reports that the Kurdish fighters have seized control of a border crossing with Syria following their offensive moves against the Sunni jihadist extremist group Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in some parts of northern Iraq on September 30, 2014.

The article offers information on how thousands of people will move the opening of the concertina wire in northern Iraq, one of just a few official routes across the 650-mile border that separates the territory under control of the Islamic State extremist militants and the Iraqi Kurdistan in 2014.

The article reports that the American warplanes has launched an airstrikes on Sunni militants for the campaign against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria wherein the American planes have airdropped food, water and humanitarian aid in the town of Amerli in northern Iraq.

The article reports on the withdrawal of U.S. plans for rescuing Yazidis besieged by Sunni militants in northern Iraq.

The article reports that the Yazidi leaders and emergency relief officials strongly argued on the claims of the U.S. government stating that the humanitarian crisis in Mount Sinjar in northern Iraq was over.

The article reports on the additional 130 military advisers sent by the U.S. Defense Department to northern Iraq on August 12, 2014 to help plan the evacuation of displaced people trapped by Sunni militants on Mount Sinjar.

The article reports on the crash of a rescue helicopter carrying humanitarian aid from Kurdistan to displaced Yazidis in the Sinjar mountains of northern Iraq on August 12, 2014 that killed the pilot and injured other passengers including American journalist Alissa J. Rubin.

The article reports on the invasion of Sunni extremists in northern Iraq on August 3, 2014.

The article reflects on the confict encountered by Colonel Imad Muhammad who is an officer in the pesh merga after the Islamist extremists surrounded northern Iraq.

The article offers world news briefs as of September 26, 2013 on topics including the cancellation of the visit of Sudan President Omar Hassan al-Bashir, United Nations (U.N.) official Navi Pillay calls for war crimes inquiry, and millitants attack of government building in northern Iraq.

The article offers news briefs related to various issues around the world including fleeing of 29,000 Syrians have flooded into northern Iraq, conviction of four local officials of criminal negligence in Russia and the killing of atleast 83 people in recent days in floods and landslides in China.

The article reports on the release of eight soldiers and civil servants, who had been kidnapped and held in the northern Iraq mountains by Kurdish militants, which is considered as a sign that peace talks between Kurdish rebels and gaining momentum.

BAGHDAD -- The international police organization Interpol stepped squarely into a bitter political and sectarian fight on Tuesday when it responded to a request for help from Iraq to arrest the country's fugitive Sunni vice president on charges that he ran death squads inside Iraq. The move is likely to add tensions to relations between Iraq's Shiite leadership and leaders in Turkey, where the vice president, Tariq al-Hashimi, has been staying apparently with the blessing of the Turkish government since he fled his refuge in northern Iraq last month. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Video: A Companion for the Journey Tori Stitt, a former Navy officer who did a tour in northern Iraq, relies on the companionship of her golden retriever to help her recover. nytimes.com/national [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SAN DIEGO -- The hovering aircraft was just a plain-vanilla traffic chopper, a benignly common species to Southern California skies. But its mere presence overhead was enough to make Tori Stitt stiffen. More than a year ago, Ms. Stitt, a former Navy officer who did a tour in northern Iraq, might have made a beeline for her car, ducked under a table or broken down in panic merely from the chopping of rotors -- a sound she still associates with combat casualties. But this time, she remained outwardly calm, breathing deep, while silently and strenuously massaging the ears of the service dog at her feet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BAGHDAD -- Iraq's fugitive Sunni vice president left the country on Sunday for a diplomatic trip to the Persian Gulf nation of Qatar, his office announced, a development that threatened to stir new tensions just days after officials in Baghdad hosted a lavish meeting to repair ties with other Arab nations. And in an escalation of another festering dispute, the Kurdish regional government in northern Iraq announced that it was halting oil exports as a rebuke to the central government in Baghdad. The dispute concerns payments for oil companies working in the semiautonomous north, but at its core, it is a fight over who should control Iraq's vast oil wealth. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ISTANBUL -- Kurdish separatist banners in red, yellow and green draped the coffins of 35 Turkish civilians and fluttered among mourning crowds on Friday, a day after the Turkish authorities admitted that airstrikes in northern Iraq intended to kill Kurdish militants had instead claimed the lives of young smugglers. In Istanbul, home to a large Kurdish community, angry protesters clashed with the police for a second day, hurling stones at security vehicles that used tear gas and pressurized water to disperse crowds. The crowd blamed Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, chanting ''Murderer Erdogan,'' local agencies reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BAQUBA, Iraq -- The governor has fled this uneasy city. Half the members of the provincial council are camped out in northern Iraq, afraid to return to their offices. Peaceful protesters fill the dusty streets, though just days ago angrier crowds blockaded the highways with burning tires and shattered glass. All of this because the local government here in northeastern Diyala Province recently dared to raise a simple but explosive question, one that is central to the unrest now surging through Iraq's shaky democracy: Should a post-American Iraq exist as one unified nation, or will it split into a loose confederation of islands unto themselves? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The turmoil in Iraq after the United States troop withdrawal is extending to its vital petroleum industry. The American oil giant Exxon Mobil and its partners are embroiled in a $50 million payment dispute with the Iraqi government over an oil field in southeastern Iraq that the companies are upgrading and modernizing. The Shiite-led government of Prime Minister Nuri Kamal al-Maliki is also unhappy with Exxon over a separate development deal the company has struck with the leaders of the semiautonomous Kurdistan region in northern Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ISTANBUL -- At least 138 people were killed and about 350 were injured after a powerful earthquake struck eastern Turkey, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said in a news conference early Monday. The death toll was expected to rise, perhaps significantly, with many people reported to be stuck beneath dozens of collapsed buildings. The earthquake, measured at a magnitude of 7.2 by the Turkish seismic institute, occurred in the early afternoon on Sunday in Van Province, not far from the border with Iran. It was centered near the city of Van and the nearby town of Ercis, and it was felt strongly in nearby villages and some parts of northern Iraq, the semiofficial Anatolian News Agency reported. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ISTANBUL -- More than 49 Kurdish insurgents were killed in the first two days of a new Turkish military offensive against P.K.K. rebels in southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq, the military said Saturday. The military began the operation, involving heavy air support and more than 10,000 troops, on Thursday, a day after an attack by the P.K.K., or Kurdish Worker's Party, killed 24 soldiers and injured 18 in the province of Hakkari, in one of the deadliest single-day attacks in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ISTANBUL -- Turkey's offensive against Kurdish militants this week is one of its largest military operations in years, with 10,000 troops backed by warplanes pursuing rebels in southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq, the Turkish Army said on Thursday. The offensive began only hours after the Kurdistan Workers' Party, or P.K.K., mounted deadly attacks against the Turkish military, killing 24 soldiers and wounding 18 early on Wednesday in Hakkari Province. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ISTANBUL -- Kurdish militants killed at least 24 Turkish soldiers in an attack near the Iraq border on Wednesday, one of the deadliest strikes in years, and Turkey's military responded by sending hundreds of troops into northern Iraq in a counterattack on Kurdish insurgent hide-outs. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said that Turkish forces were pursuing the attackers, making it clear that his military was crossing the Iraq border, which the Turks have done numerous times in their protracted effort to crush a resilient Kurdish insurgency movement. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A group of about a dozen Kurdish separatist protesters broke into the newsroom of The Guardian newspaper on Friday and staged a brief demonstration, demanding further coverage of Kurdish conflicts with the Turkish government, according to reports from within the newspaper. A video of the incident showed the protesters gathered on a stairway, chanting and handing out literature to newspaper staff members, many of whom appeared bemused. The protests were low-key and peaceful, said one reporter, Alexandra Topping. The invasion of The Guardian comes amid a season of Kurdish protests against a campaign of Turkish airstrikes in northern Iraq in pursuit of violent Kurdish separatists. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An American soldier was killed Thursday in northern Iraq by indirect fire as he was preparing to go out on an operation, making him the first combat death since July, the United States military said. The soldier was not identified, pending notification of next of kin. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The United States has agreed ''in principle'' to deploy Predator drones on Turkish soil, the Turkish prime minister said Friday. Turkey has offered to buy or lease the drones, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said. The United States currently shares drone surveillance data from northern Iraq with Turkey to aid its fight against Kurdish rebels who have bases in Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Turkish military carried out airstrikes in northern Iraq for a second day in pursuit of Kurdish separatist rebels suspected of attacking Turkey from bases in the mountainous border region. Warplanes hit 28 rebel locations, and artillery shelled 96 targets, the army said Friday. Meanwhile, the rebels -- from the P.K.K., or Kurdistan Workers Party -- struck two military posts in Siirt Province, in the southeast, killing two soldiers and wounding three civilians, the semiofficial Anatolian Agency reported. More than 40 people have been killed since separatist violence escalated in July, which led to this week's intense military operations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ISTANBUL -- Turkish warplanes bombed suspected Kurdish insurgent positions inside northern Iraq late Wednesday for the first time in a year, news services in Turkey reported, hours after an insurgent ambush on a military convoy in southeast Turkey left at least eight dead. There was no immediate official confirmation of the bombing assaults, which Turkish news services said were carried out by at least 15 warplanes. But Turkish leaders, infuriated by the attack on the convoy earlier in the day, had promised a punishing response and said their tolerance for the long-simmering Kurdish insurgency had been exhausted. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

BAGHDAD -- A day after Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates suggested that American troops could remain here for years, tens of thousands of protesters allied with Moktada al-Sadr, the radical anti-American Shiite cleric, flooded the streets demanding an end to the American military presence. The protests were scheduled before Mr. Gates's comments -- made on Friday during a visit to troops in northern Iraq -- although his statements may have fueled some of the day's fervor. The protesters were whipped up by comments drafted by Mr. Sadr, who is continuing his religious studies in Iran but who sent a message to the crowd threatening to reconstitute his militia, the Mahdi Army, if the American military did not leave this year. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

BAGHDAD -- After Libya was suspended from the Arab League last month, de facto leadership ended up coincidentally in the hands of Iraq, the Arab nation with the most experience -- much of it painful -- with a foreign-led military campaign against an unpopular dictator. For all of that still unsettled pain, the foreign minister, Hoshyar Zebari -- in his new capacity as head of the Arab League -- rushed off to Paris last Friday evening to join Western and Arab allies, where he argued passionately in favor of action against Libya, citing the American no-fly zone in northern Iraq that protected the Kurdish population from Saddam Hussein in the years before the American invasion here, according to a senior official who took part in the Paris deliberations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

BAGHDAD -- Iraq's largest oil refinery, in Baiji, was crippled by a predawn attack on Saturday in which gunmen stormed the vast complex, killed one engineer and set off several bombs. The attack shut down parts of the Baiji Refinery, halting the production of about 150,000 barrels per day of petroleum products and threatening to interrupt supplies of heating oil, gasoline and oil for generators for millions of people in northern Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

MEGALLI--Murad. We mourn the sudden and tragic loss, in a plane crash on a business trip in Northern Iraq, of a cherished member of our Board of Directors, Murad Megalli, CEO of Middle East, North Africa, Turkey and Central Asia at J.P. Morgan, based out of Istanbul, Turkey. An outstanding business executive and a good friend, Murad was a generous contributor of ideas, time and support to our organization and the advancement of U.S.-Turkish economic and cultural ties. We will remember him fondly and miss him terribly. Our thoughts are with his family, friends and colleagues. Murat Koprulu, Chairman, The American Turkish Society [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Iran has summoned an American woman to return to the country and stand trial on Feb. 6 along with two other Americans still in custody and accused of spying after crossing the border from Iraq, a judiciary spokesman said Monday. The Americans said they were hiking in northern Iraq and crossed the border inadvertently when they were arrested in 2009. The woman, Sarah Shourd, who was released on bail in September and returned to the United States, did not comment publicly on the summons. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

VIDEO Stephen Farrell of The Times reports from the mountainous borderlands of northern Iraq, where the Kurdistan Workers' Party operates freely, even though it is considered a terrorist group by Turkey and others. nytimes.com/atwar [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]