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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cephalosporin antibiotic ceftriaxone (50 mg/kg, i/m) and mac- rolide antibiotic azithromycin (15 mg/kg, per.os.) on net water transport across rat colonic epithelium. Study was done on male Wistar rats (180-250 g). Azithromycin or ceftriaxone was injected daily for 5 days. Net water transport was evaluated on the 6th day by isolated colonic loop perfusion technique in vivo on anaesthetized rats. Treatment with azithromycin increased 2,4-fold the absorption of water, while ceftriaxone caused decrease 1,9-fold water absorption. The antibiotics treatment within five days didn't change the composition of the fecal and colonic parietal microbiota. Azithromycin-induced increase in water absorption was associated with upregulation of AQP 8 water channel expression (P < 0.05) in colonic mucosa. Ceftriaxone treatment didn't change protein level of AQP8 but induced pro-inflammatory changes in colonic mucosa structure and mast cells degranulation. We showed for the first time the opposite effects ofmacrolide and cephalosporin antibiotics on net water transport across rat colonic epithelium.

Effects of biogenic amines, testosterone and melatonin both on the developing electrical activity of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (NA) and morphology of testis and NA neurocytes during maturation in birds (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were tested. Slow [symbol: see text]-frequency was shown to prevail at quail NA electrical activity. NA spectral power gradually enlarges during maturation. The data confirm the evidence that catecholamines induce acceleration of sexual maturation in birds mainly via brain alpha-adrenoreceptors, while dopamine- and serotoninergic brain systems cause deceleration of maturation. Morning or evening treatments with melatonin (5 mkg/100 g bw) and evening ones (50 mkg/100 g bw) were revealed to result in activation of hypothalamic-testicular axis, and high-dose morning melatonin injections don't have any influence. Significant correlation was registered between the spectral power of NA neurocytes and profile area of their cellular nuclei. Total EA was demonstrated to vary at [symbol: see text]1- and, lesser, [symbol: see text]2-, [symbol: see text]-, and 6-ranges of spectrum, and was insignificant at B-range.

Beta-adrenoreceptors agonist isadrine as shown by measurement of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (AN) summary electrical activity and by morphometry of its neurons and testis does not result in significant acceleration of maturation in maturing (4-6 week old) male japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Anapryline-induced blockade of beta-adrenoreceptors leads to small inhibiting of the reproductive complex. This findings confirm our previous works, according to which brain beta-adrenergic system does not play leading role in regulation of maturation in birds. The direct correlation between morphometrical and electrophysiological features of AN neurosecretory cells was demonstrated as well.