8 results on '"Martiny AC"'
Search Results
2. Life history strategies of soil bacterial communities across global terrestrial biomes.
- Author
-
Piton G, Allison SD, Bahram M, Hildebrand F, Martiny JBH, Treseder KK, and Martiny AC
- Subjects
- Soil chemistry, Soil Microbiology, Ecosystem, Bacteria, Life History Traits
- Abstract
The life history strategies of soil microbes determine their metabolic potential and their response to environmental changes. Yet these strategies remain poorly understood. Here we use shotgun metagenomes from terrestrial biomes to characterize overarching covariations of the genomic traits that capture dominant life history strategies in bacterial communities. The emerging patterns show a triangle of life history strategies shaped by two trait dimensions, supporting previous theoretical and isolate-based studies. The first dimension ranges from streamlined genomes with simple metabolisms to larger genomes and expanded metabolic capacities. As metabolic capacities expand, bacterial communities increasingly differentiate along a second dimension that reflects a trade-off between increasing capacities for environmental responsiveness or for nutrient recycling. Random forest analyses show that soil pH, C:N ratio and precipitation patterns together drive the dominant life history strategy of soil bacterial communities and their biogeographic distribution. Our findings provide a trait-based framework to compare life history strategies of soil bacteria., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. Global Ocean Particulate Organic Phosphorus, Carbon, Oxygen for Respiration, and Nitrogen (GO-POPCORN).
- Author
-
Tanioka T, Larkin AA, Moreno AR, Brock ML, Fagan AJ, Garcia CA, Garcia NS, Gerace SD, Lee JA, Lomas MW, and Martiny AC
- Abstract
Concentrations and elemental stoichiometry of suspended particulate organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen demand for respiration (C:N:P:-O
2 ) play a vital role in characterizing and quantifying marine elemental cycles. Here, we present Version 2 of the Global Ocean Particulate Organic Phosphorus, Carbon, Oxygen for Respiration, and Nitrogen (GO-POPCORN) dataset. Version 1 is a previously published dataset of particulate organic matter from 70 different studies between 1971 and 2010, while Version 2 is comprised of data collected from recent cruises between 2011 and 2020. The combined GO-POPCORN dataset contains 2673 paired surface POC/N/P measurements from 70°S to 73°N across all major ocean basins at high spatial resolution. Version 2 also includes 965 measurements of oxygen demand for organic carbon respiration. This new dataset can help validate and calibrate the next generation of global ocean biogeochemical models with flexible elemental stoichiometry. We expect that incorporating variable C:N:P:-O2 into models will help improve our estimates of key ocean biogeochemical fluxes such as carbon export, nitrogen fixation, and organic matter remineralization., (© 2022. The Author(s).) more...- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Global patterns and predictors of C:N:P in marine ecosystems.
- Author
-
Tanioka T, Garcia CA, Larkin AA, Garcia NS, Fagan AJ, and Martiny AC
- Abstract
Oceanic nutrient cycles are coupled, yet carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry in marine ecosystems is variable through space and time, with no clear consensus on the controls on variability. Here, we analyze hydrographic, plankton genomic diversity, and particulate organic matter data from 1970 stations sampled during a global ocean observation program (Bio-GO-SHIP) to investigate the biogeography of surface ocean particulate organic matter stoichiometry. We find latitudinal variability in C:N:P stoichiometry, with surface temperature and macronutrient availability as strong predictors of stoichiometry at high latitudes. Genomic observations indicated community nutrient stress and suggested that nutrient supply rate and nitrogen-versus-phosphorus stress are predictive of hemispheric and regional variations in stoichiometry. Our data-derived statistical model suggests that C:P and N:P ratios will increase at high latitudes in the future, however, changes at low latitudes are uncertain. Our findings suggest systematic regulation of elemental stoichiometry among ocean ecosystems, but that future changes remain highly uncertain., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. High spatial resolution global ocean metagenomes from Bio-GO-SHIP repeat hydrography transects.
- Author
-
Larkin AA, Garcia CA, Garcia N, Brock ML, Lee JA, Ustick LJ, Barbero L, Carter BR, Sonnerup RE, Talley LD, Tarran GA, Volkov DL, and Martiny AC
- Subjects
- Genomic Library, Metagenomics, Oceans and Seas, Metagenome, Microbiota genetics, Seawater microbiology
- Abstract
Detailed descriptions of microbial communities have lagged far behind physical and chemical measurements in the marine environment. Here, we present 971 globally distributed surface ocean metagenomes collected at high spatio-temporal resolution. Our low-cost metagenomic sequencing protocol produced 3.65 terabases of data, where the median number of base pairs per sample was 3.41 billion. The median distance between sampling stations was 26 km. The metagenomic libraries described here were collected as a part of a biological initiative for the Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program, or "Bio-GO-SHIP." One of the primary aims of GO-SHIP is to produce high spatial and vertical resolution measurements of key state variables to directly quantify climate change impacts on ocean environments. By similarly collecting marine metagenomes at high spatiotemporal resolution, we expect that this dataset will help answer questions about the link between microbial communities and biogeochemical fluxes in a changing ocean. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Convergent estimates of marine nitrogen fixation.
- Author
-
Wang WL, Moore JK, Martiny AC, and Primeau FW
- Subjects
- Animals, Aquatic Organisms chemistry, Atmosphere chemistry, Carbon metabolism, Carbon Sequestration, Feedback, Geographic Mapping, Nitrogen analysis, Oceans and Seas, Phosphorus analysis, Phosphorus metabolism, Phytoplankton chemistry, Rivers chemistry, Zooplankton chemistry, Aquatic Organisms metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism, Nitrogen Fixation, Phytoplankton metabolism, Zooplankton metabolism
- Abstract
Uncertainty in the global patterns of marine nitrogen fixation limits our understanding of the response of the ocean's nitrogen and carbon cycles to environmental change. The geographical distribution of and ecological controls on nitrogen fixation are difficult to constrain with limited in situ measurements. Here we present convergent estimates of nitrogen fixation from an inverse biogeochemical and a prognostic ocean model. Our results demonstrate strong spatial variability in the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio of exported organic matter that greatly increases the global nitrogen-fixation rate (because phytoplankton manage with less phosphorus when it is in short supply). We find that the input of newly fixed nitrogen from microbial fixation and external inputs (atmospheric deposition and river fluxes) accounts for up to 50 per cent of carbon export in subtropical gyres. We also find that nitrogen fixation and denitrification are spatially decoupled but that nevertheless nitrogen sources and sinks appear to be balanced over the past few decades. Moreover, we propose a role for top-down zooplankton grazing control in shaping the global patterns of nitrogen fixation. Our findings suggest that biological carbon export in the ocean is higher than expected and that stabilizing nitrogen-cycle feedbacks are weaker than previously thought. more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Increased biofilm formation due to high-temperature adaptation in marine Roseobacter.
- Author
-
Kent AG, Garcia CA, and Martiny AC
- Subjects
- Anaerobiosis, Aquatic Organisms growth & development, Aquatic Organisms physiology, Climate Change, Escherichia coli genetics, Genetic Variation genetics, Genome, Bacterial genetics, Oceans and Seas, Oxygen metabolism, Roseobacter genetics, Acclimatization physiology, Biofilms growth & development, Escherichia coli growth & development, Escherichia coli physiology, Hot Temperature, Roseobacter growth & development, Roseobacter physiology
- Abstract
Ocean temperatures will increase significantly over the next 100 years due to global climate change
1 . As temperatures increase beyond current ranges, it is unclear how adaptation will impact the distribution and ecological role of marine microorganisms2 . To address this major unknown, we imposed a stressful high-temperature regime for 500 generations on a strain from the abundant marine Roseobacter clade. High-temperature-adapted isolates significantly improved their fitness but also increased biofilm formation at the air-liquid interface. Furthermore, this altered lifestyle was coupled with genomic changes linked to biofilm formation in individual isolates, and was also dominant in evolved populations. We hypothesize that the increasing biofilm formation was driven by lower oxygen availability at elevated temperature, and we observe a relative fitness increase at lower oxygen. The response is uniquely different from that of Escherichia coli adapted to high temperature3 (only 3% of mutated genes were shared in both studies). Thus, future increased temperatures could have a direct effect on organismal physiology and an indirect effect via a decrease in ocean oxygen solubility, leading to an alteration in microbial lifestyle. more...- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Concentrations and ratios of particulate organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the global ocean.
- Author
-
Martiny AC, Vrugt JA, and Lomas MW
- Subjects
- Carbon Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle, Phytoplankton, Weights and Measures, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oceans and Seas, Phosphorus
- Abstract
Knowledge of concentrations and elemental ratios of suspended particles are important for understanding many biogeochemical processes in the ocean. These include patterns of phytoplankton nutrient limitation as well as linkages between the cycles of carbon and nitrogen or phosphorus. To further enable studies of ocean biogeochemistry, we here present a global dataset consisting of 100,605 total measurements of particulate organic carbon, nitrogen, or phosphorus analyzed as part of 70 cruises or time-series. The data are globally distributed and represent all major ocean regions as well as different depths in the water column. The global median C:P, N:P, and C:N ratios are 163, 22, and 6.6, respectively, but the data also includes extensive variation between samples from different regions. Thus, this compilation will hopefully assist in a wide range of future studies of ocean elemental ratios. more...
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.