1. Nonlinear mechanics of hybrid polymer networks that mimic the complex mechanical environment of cells
- Author
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Maarten Jaspers, Paul H. J. Kouwer, Dion Voerman, Pim van Schayik, Alan E. Rowan, and Sarah L. Vaessen
- Subjects
Materials science ,Science ,Cancer development and immune defence Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 2] ,Composite number ,Acrylic Resins ,General Physics and Astronomy ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Models, Biological ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Biopolymers ,Rheology ,Biomimetic Materials ,Elastic Modulus ,medicine ,GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries) ,Persistence length ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Fibrin ,Multidisciplinary ,Nanotubes, Carbon ,Molecular Materials ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Stiffness ,Hydrogels ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,equipment and supplies ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Models, Chemical ,Nonlinear Dynamics ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Synthetic Biology ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology ,Biological system ,Biological network - Abstract
The mechanical properties of cells and the extracellular environment they reside in are governed by a complex interplay of biopolymers. These biopolymers, which possess a wide range of stiffnesses, self-assemble into fibrous composite networks such as the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix. They interact with each other both physically and chemically to create a highly responsive and adaptive mechanical environment that stiffens when stressed or strained. Here we show that hybrid networks of a synthetic mimic of biological networks and either stiff, flexible and semi-flexible components, even very low concentrations of these added components, strongly affect the network stiffness and/or its strain-responsive character. The stiffness (persistence length) of the second network, its concentration and the interaction between the components are all parameters that can be used to tune the mechanics of the hybrids. The equivalence of these hybrids with biological composites is striking., Mechanical properties of living organisms are determined by intra- and extra-cellular biopolymer networks. Here, the authors show how the mechanics of polyisocyanopeptide hydrogels, mimicking biopolymers, can be readily manipulated by introducing a second polymer network.
- Published
- 2017