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1. Normal Values of Right Atrial Size and Function According to Age, Sex, and Ethnicity: Results of the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography Study

Author

Soulat-Dufour, L, Addetia, K, Miyoshi, T, Citro, R, Daimon, M, Fajardo, P, Kasliwal, R, Kirkpatrick, J, Monaghan, M, Muraru, D, Ogunyankin, K, Park, S, Ronderos, R, Sadeghpour, A, Scalia, G, Takeuchi, M, Tsang, W, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Vivekanandan, A, Zhang, Y, Diehl, M, Schreckenberg, M, Mor-Avi, V, Asch, F, Lang, R, Prad, A, Kwon, A, Hoschke-Edwards, S, Afonso, T, Thampinathan, B, Sooriyakanthan, M, Zhu, T, Wang, Z, Alagesan, R, Alizadehasl, A, Badano, L, Nakao, T, Kawata, T, Hirokawa, M, Sawada, N, Yun, H, Hwang, J, Soulat-Dufour L., Addetia K., Miyoshi T., Citro R., Daimon M., Fajardo P. G., Kasliwal R. R., Kirkpatrick J. N., Monaghan M. J., Muraru D., Ogunyankin K. O., Park S. W., Ronderos R. E., Sadeghpour A., Scalia G. M., Takeuchi M., Tsang W., Tucay E. S., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Vivekanandan A., Zhang Y., Diehl M., Schreckenberg M., Mor-Avi V., Asch F. M., Lang R. M., Prad A. D., Kwon A., Hoschke-Edwards S., Afonso T. R., Thampinathan B., Sooriyakanthan M., Zhu T., Wang Z., Alagesan R., Alizadehasl A., Badano L., Nakao T., Kawata T., Hirokawa M., Sawada N., Yun H. R., Hwang J. -W., Soulat-Dufour, L, Addetia, K, Miyoshi, T, Citro, R, Daimon, M, Fajardo, P, Kasliwal, R, Kirkpatrick, J, Monaghan, M, Muraru, D, Ogunyankin, K, Park, S, Ronderos, R, Sadeghpour, A, Scalia, G, Takeuchi, M, Tsang, W, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Vivekanandan, A, Zhang, Y, Diehl, M, Schreckenberg, M, Mor-Avi, V, Asch, F, Lang, R, Prad, A, Kwon, A, Hoschke-Edwards, S, Afonso, T, Thampinathan, B, Sooriyakanthan, M, Zhu, T, Wang, Z, Alagesan, R, Alizadehasl, A, Badano, L, Nakao, T, Kawata, T, Hirokawa, M, Sawada, N, Yun, H, Hwang, J, Soulat-Dufour L., Addetia K., Miyoshi T., Citro R., Daimon M., Fajardo P. G., Kasliwal R. R., Kirkpatrick J. N., Monaghan M. J., Muraru D., Ogunyankin K. O., Park S. W., Ronderos R. E., Sadeghpour A., Scalia G. M., Takeuchi M., Tsang W., Tucay E. S., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Vivekanandan A., Zhang Y., Diehl M., Schreckenberg M., Mor-Avi V., Asch F. M., Lang R. M., Prad A. D., Kwon A., Hoschke-Edwards S., Afonso T. R., Thampinathan B., Sooriyakanthan M., Zhu T., Wang Z., Alagesan R., Alizadehasl A., Badano L., Nakao T., Kawata T., Hirokawa M., Sawada N., Yun H. R., and Hwang J. -W.

Abstract

Background: The World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography study is a multicenter, international, prospective, cross-sectional study whose aims were to evaluate healthy adult individuals to establish age- and sex-normative values of echocardiographic parameters and to determine whether differences exist among people from different countries and of different ethnicities. The present report focuses on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) right atrial (RA) size and function. Methods: Transthoracic 2D and 3D echocardiographic images were obtained in 2,008 healthy adult individuals evenly distributed among subgroups according to sex (1,033 men, 975 women) and age 18 to 40 years (n = 854), 41 to 65 years (n = 653), and >65 years (n = 501). For ethnicity, 34.9% were white, 41.6% Asian, and 9.7% black. Images were analyzed in a core laboratory according to current American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines. RA measurements included 2D dimensions, 2D and 3D RA volumes (RAVs) indexed to body surface area (BSA), emptying fraction (EmF), and global longitudinal strain, including total/reservoir, passive/conduit, and active/contractile phases. Differences among age and sex categories and among countries were also examined. Results: RAVs were larger in men (even after BSA indexing), while 3D total EmF and global longitudinal strain magnitudes were higher in women. For both sexes, there were no significant age-related differences in 2D RAV measurements, but 3D RAV values differed minimally with age, remaining significant after BSA indexing. RA total EmF and reservoir strain and passive EmF and conduit strain magnitude were lower in older groups for both sexes. Interestingly, whereas RA active EmF increased with age, contractile strain magnitude decreased. Considerable geographic variations were identified: Asians of both sexes had significantly lower BSA than non-Asians, and their 2D and 3D end-systolic RAVs were

Published
2021

2. Similarities and Differences in Left Ventricular Size and Function among Races and Nationalities: Results of the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography Normal Values Study

Author

Asch, F, Miyoshi, T, Addetia, K, Citro, R, Daimon, M, Desale, S, Fajardo, P, Kasliwal, R, Kirkpatrick, J, Monaghan, M, Muraru, D, Ogunyankin, K, Park, S, Ronderos, R, Sadeghpour, A, Scalia, G, Takeuchi, M, Tsang, W, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Vivekanandan, A, Zhang, Y, Blitz, A, Lang, R, Prado, A, Filipini, E, Kwon, A, Hoschke-Edwards, S, Afonso, T, Thampinathan, B, Sooriyakanthan, M, Zhu, T, Wang, Z, Wang, Y, Zhang, M, Yin, L, Li, S, Alagesan, R, Balasubramanian, S, Ananth, R, Bansal, M, Badano, L, Palermo, C, Bossone, E, Di Vece, D, Bellino, M, Nakao, T, Kawata, T, Hirokawa, M, Sawada, N, Nabeshima, Y, Yun, H, Hwang, J, Fasawe, D, Schreckenberg, M, Amuthan, V, Gutierrez-Fajardo, P, Woo Park, S, Asch F. M., Miyoshi T., Addetia K., Citro R., Daimon M., Desale S., Fajardo P. G., Kasliwal R. R., Kirkpatrick J. N., Monaghan M. J., Muraru D., Ogunyankin K. O., Park S. W., Ronderos R. E., Sadeghpour A., Scalia G. M., Takeuchi M., Tsang W., Tucay E. S., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Vivekanandan A., Zhang Y., Blitz A., Lang R. M., Prado A. D., Filipini E., Kwon A., Hoschke-Edwards S., Afonso T. R., Thampinathan B., Sooriyakanthan M., Zhu T., Wang Z., Wang Y., Zhang M., Yin L., Li S., Alagesan R., Balasubramanian S., Ananth R. V. A., Bansal M., Badano L., Palermo C., Bossone E., Di Vece D., Bellino M., Nakao T., Kawata T., Hirokawa M., Sawada N., Nabeshima Y., Yun H. R., Hwang J. -W., Fasawe D., Schreckenberg M., Ronderos R., Scalia G., Amuthan V., Kasliwal R., Gutierrez-Fajardo P., Woo Park S., Kirkpatrick J., Asch, F, Miyoshi, T, Addetia, K, Citro, R, Daimon, M, Desale, S, Fajardo, P, Kasliwal, R, Kirkpatrick, J, Monaghan, M, Muraru, D, Ogunyankin, K, Park, S, Ronderos, R, Sadeghpour, A, Scalia, G, Takeuchi, M, Tsang, W, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Vivekanandan, A, Zhang, Y, Blitz, A, Lang, R, Prado, A, Filipini, E, Kwon, A, Hoschke-Edwards, S, Afonso, T, Thampinathan, B, Sooriyakanthan, M, Zhu, T, Wang, Z, Wang, Y, Zhang, M, Yin, L, Li, S, Alagesan, R, Balasubramanian, S, Ananth, R, Bansal, M, Badano, L, Palermo, C, Bossone, E, Di Vece, D, Bellino, M, Nakao, T, Kawata, T, Hirokawa, M, Sawada, N, Nabeshima, Y, Yun, H, Hwang, J, Fasawe, D, Schreckenberg, M, Amuthan, V, Gutierrez-Fajardo, P, Woo Park, S, Asch F. M., Miyoshi T., Addetia K., Citro R., Daimon M., Desale S., Fajardo P. G., Kasliwal R. R., Kirkpatrick J. N., Monaghan M. J., Muraru D., Ogunyankin K. O., Park S. W., Ronderos R. E., Sadeghpour A., Scalia G. M., Takeuchi M., Tsang W., Tucay E. S., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Vivekanandan A., Zhang Y., Blitz A., Lang R. M., Prado A. D., Filipini E., Kwon A., Hoschke-Edwards S., Afonso T. R., Thampinathan B., Sooriyakanthan M., Zhu T., Wang Z., Wang Y., Zhang M., Yin L., Li S., Alagesan R., Balasubramanian S., Ananth R. V. A., Bansal M., Badano L., Palermo C., Bossone E., Di Vece D., Bellino M., Nakao T., Kawata T., Hirokawa M., Sawada N., Nabeshima Y., Yun H. R., Hwang J. -W., Fasawe D., Schreckenberg M., Ronderos R., Scalia G., Amuthan V., Kasliwal R., Gutierrez-Fajardo P., Woo Park S., and Kirkpatrick J.

Abstract

Background: The World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography (WASE) Normal Values Study evaluates individuals from multiple countries and races with the aim of describing normative values that could be applied to the global community worldwide and to determine differences and similarities among people from different countries and races. The present report focuses specifically on two-dimensional (2D) left ventricular (LV) dimensions, volumes, and systolic function. Methods: The WASE Normal Values Study is a multicenter international, observational, prospective, cross-sectional study of healthy adult individuals. Participants recruited in each country were evenly distributed among six predetermined subgroups according to age and gender. Comprehensive 2D transthoracic echocardiograms were acquired and analyzed following strict protocols based on recent American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines. Analysis was performed at the WASE 2D core laboratory and included 2D LV dimensions, LV volumes, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) by the biplane Simpson method and global longitudinal strain (GLS). Results: Two thousand eight subjects were enrolled in 15 countries. The median age was 45 years (interquartile range, 32–65 years), 42.8% were white, 41.8% were Asian, and 9.7% were black. LV dimensions and volumes were larger in male subjects, while LVEF and GLS were higher in female subjects. Global WASE normal ranges for LV dimensions were smaller than those in the guidelines, but the upper limits of normal for LV volumes and the lower limits of normal for LVEF were higher in the WASE study. Significant intercountry variation was identified for all LV parameters reflecting LV size (dimensions, mass, and volumes) even after indexing to body surface area, with LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes having the highest variation. The largest volumes were noted in Australia, while the smallest were measured in India for both gen

Published
2019

3. Similarities and Differences in Left Ventricular Size and Function among Races and Nationalities: Results of the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography Normal Values Study

Author

Asch, F, Miyoshi, T, Addetia, K, Citro, R, Daimon, M, Desale, S, Fajardo, P, Kasliwal, R, Kirkpatrick, J, Monaghan, M, Muraru, D, Ogunyankin, K, Park, S, Ronderos, R, Sadeghpour, A, Scalia, G, Takeuchi, M, Tsang, W, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Vivekanandan, A, Zhang, Y, Blitz, A, Lang, R, Prado, A, Filipini, E, Kwon, A, Hoschke-Edwards, S, Afonso, T, Thampinathan, B, Sooriyakanthan, M, Zhu, T, Wang, Z, Wang, Y, Zhang, M, Yin, L, Li, S, Alagesan, R, Balasubramanian, S, Ananth, R, Bansal, M, Badano, L, Palermo, C, Bossone, E, Di Vece, D, Bellino, M, Nakao, T, Kawata, T, Hirokawa, M, Sawada, N, Nabeshima, Y, Yun, H, Hwang, J, Fasawe, D, Schreckenberg, M, Amuthan, V, Gutierrez-Fajardo, P, Woo Park, S, Asch F. M., Miyoshi T., Addetia K., Citro R., Daimon M., Desale S., Fajardo P. G., Kasliwal R. R., Kirkpatrick J. N., Monaghan M. J., Muraru D., Ogunyankin K. O., Park S. W., Ronderos R. E., Sadeghpour A., Scalia G. M., Takeuchi M., Tsang W., Tucay E. S., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Vivekanandan A., Zhang Y., Blitz A., Lang R. M., Prado A. D., Filipini E., Kwon A., Hoschke-Edwards S., Afonso T. R., Thampinathan B., Sooriyakanthan M., Zhu T., Wang Z., Wang Y., Zhang M., Yin L., Li S., Alagesan R., Balasubramanian S., Ananth R. V. A., Bansal M., Badano L., Palermo C., Bossone E., Di Vece D., Bellino M., Nakao T., Kawata T., Hirokawa M., Sawada N., Nabeshima Y., Yun H. R., Hwang J. -W., Fasawe D., Schreckenberg M., Ronderos R., Scalia G., Amuthan V., Kasliwal R., Gutierrez-Fajardo P., Woo Park S., Kirkpatrick J., Asch, F, Miyoshi, T, Addetia, K, Citro, R, Daimon, M, Desale, S, Fajardo, P, Kasliwal, R, Kirkpatrick, J, Monaghan, M, Muraru, D, Ogunyankin, K, Park, S, Ronderos, R, Sadeghpour, A, Scalia, G, Takeuchi, M, Tsang, W, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Vivekanandan, A, Zhang, Y, Blitz, A, Lang, R, Prado, A, Filipini, E, Kwon, A, Hoschke-Edwards, S, Afonso, T, Thampinathan, B, Sooriyakanthan, M, Zhu, T, Wang, Z, Wang, Y, Zhang, M, Yin, L, Li, S, Alagesan, R, Balasubramanian, S, Ananth, R, Bansal, M, Badano, L, Palermo, C, Bossone, E, Di Vece, D, Bellino, M, Nakao, T, Kawata, T, Hirokawa, M, Sawada, N, Nabeshima, Y, Yun, H, Hwang, J, Fasawe, D, Schreckenberg, M, Amuthan, V, Gutierrez-Fajardo, P, Woo Park, S, Asch F. M., Miyoshi T., Addetia K., Citro R., Daimon M., Desale S., Fajardo P. G., Kasliwal R. R., Kirkpatrick J. N., Monaghan M. J., Muraru D., Ogunyankin K. O., Park S. W., Ronderos R. E., Sadeghpour A., Scalia G. M., Takeuchi M., Tsang W., Tucay E. S., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Vivekanandan A., Zhang Y., Blitz A., Lang R. M., Prado A. D., Filipini E., Kwon A., Hoschke-Edwards S., Afonso T. R., Thampinathan B., Sooriyakanthan M., Zhu T., Wang Z., Wang Y., Zhang M., Yin L., Li S., Alagesan R., Balasubramanian S., Ananth R. V. A., Bansal M., Badano L., Palermo C., Bossone E., Di Vece D., Bellino M., Nakao T., Kawata T., Hirokawa M., Sawada N., Nabeshima Y., Yun H. R., Hwang J. -W., Fasawe D., Schreckenberg M., Ronderos R., Scalia G., Amuthan V., Kasliwal R., Gutierrez-Fajardo P., Woo Park S., and Kirkpatrick J.

Abstract

Background: The World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography (WASE) Normal Values Study evaluates individuals from multiple countries and races with the aim of describing normative values that could be applied to the global community worldwide and to determine differences and similarities among people from different countries and races. The present report focuses specifically on two-dimensional (2D) left ventricular (LV) dimensions, volumes, and systolic function. Methods: The WASE Normal Values Study is a multicenter international, observational, prospective, cross-sectional study of healthy adult individuals. Participants recruited in each country were evenly distributed among six predetermined subgroups according to age and gender. Comprehensive 2D transthoracic echocardiograms were acquired and analyzed following strict protocols based on recent American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines. Analysis was performed at the WASE 2D core laboratory and included 2D LV dimensions, LV volumes, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) by the biplane Simpson method and global longitudinal strain (GLS). Results: Two thousand eight subjects were enrolled in 15 countries. The median age was 45 years (interquartile range, 32–65 years), 42.8% were white, 41.8% were Asian, and 9.7% were black. LV dimensions and volumes were larger in male subjects, while LVEF and GLS were higher in female subjects. Global WASE normal ranges for LV dimensions were smaller than those in the guidelines, but the upper limits of normal for LV volumes and the lower limits of normal for LVEF were higher in the WASE study. Significant intercountry variation was identified for all LV parameters reflecting LV size (dimensions, mass, and volumes) even after indexing to body surface area, with LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes having the highest variation. The largest volumes were noted in Australia, while the smallest were measured in India for both gen

Published
2019

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