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BACKGROUND: Dementia has an increased rating in elderly people in low-income countries. Estimations of the prevalence of dementias worldwide envision an unfavorable outlook, especially in developing countries; since factors such as education, socioeconomic status and health that play an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Perhaps, not well epidemiological studies have been performed with tests that present adequate levels of reliability or cut-off point. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we want to complete two different but complementary objectives. First of all, we analyzed the sensibility and specificity of the ACE-R test vs MMSE in the Peruvian population, to obtain recommended cut-off scores for dementia. Then, we analyze in a sample of 1500 patients (mean age between 60 - 90 years old) the prevalence of dementia through the ACE-R test. METHODS: We combined an instrumental and epidemiological study. 342 participants complete the first experiment and in 1500 the second one. Ranges between 60 to 90 years old were obtained to display the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia. RESULTS: The most suitable cut points for our population were selected through the ROC curves and the Youden index. The percentage of global mild cognitive deterioration and dementia were higher than previously reported in Peru.

BACKGROUND: Theory of mind (ToM) is a core cognitive process of social cognition, with huge importance in neuroscience research and neuropsychiatric disorders. Regarding its relevance, a well-extended method to assess advanced ToM in adults is the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore its psychometric properties in the Peruvian population, accuracy percent for each item among different countries versions of the RMET; and test-retest reliability after one-year follow-up.METHODS: 288 participants from 17 to 55 years old were recruited among first-year students from a technologic institute and general population of Arequipa City. 55 participants were followed-up for a year and completed the same psychological assessment.RESULTS: The RMET display good validity and consistency in the Cronbach Alphau00b4s approach, as well as test-retest reliability after one-year follow-up. Bland-Altman test and Intraclass coefficient correlation display score-stability. No differences were found between the kind of education or socioeconomic status. Regarding gender, females score better than men confirming previous results. CONCLUSION: The RMET has been widely used to measure theory of mind and have good psychometric properties in Peruvian Population. These results may improve clinical practice and further studies in clinical and nonclinical samples.