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Cells of strains P66 T , V1 and W15Feb18 are Gram-stain-negative short rods and motile by one polar flagellum. Strain P66 T was isolated from rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) cultivated at a fish farm in Turkey. Strain V1 was isolated from sand of an intertidal shore on the Galicia coast in Spain and strain W15Feb18 was isolated from water collected at the Woluwe River in Belgium. Based on 16S rRNA sequence similarity values, the strains were grouped under the genus Pseudomonas and the Pseudomonas putida phylogenetic group of species. The DNA G+C content ranged from 58.5 to 58.9 mol%. The strains were characterized phenotypically by the API 20NE and Biolog GEN III tests, and chemotaxonomically by their whole-cell MALDI-TOF MS protein profiles and fatty acid contents. The absence of the hydrolysis of gelatin and the assimilation of arabinose, mannose and mannitol differentiated these strains from the closest species, Pseudomonas alkylphenolica . The major fatty acid components were C 16:0 (29.91-31.68 %) and summed feature 3 (36.44-37.55 %). Multilocus sequence analysis with four and 83 housekeeping gene sequences and a core proteome analysis showed that these strains formed a phylogenetic cluster in the P. putida group of species. Genome comparisons by the average nucleotide identity based on blast and the Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator demonstrated that the three strains belonged to the same genomic species and were distant from any known species, with similarity values lower than the thresholds established for species in the genus Pseudomonas . These data permitted us to conclude that strains P66 T , V1 and W15Feb18 belong to a novel species in the genus Pseudomonas , for which the name Pseudomonas arcuscaelestis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P66 T (=CECT 30176 T =CCUG 74872 T ). The other strains have been deposited in the CECT with the corresponding collection numbers: V1 (=CECT 30356) and W15Feb18 (=CECT 30355).

Strains A31/70 T , CCUG 58779 and SD129 were Gram-stain-negative, short rods, motile by one polar flagellum and isolated from clinical specimens in Botswana, Sweden and Spain, respectively. The 16S rRNA sequence similarity values grouped them in the Pseudomonas stutzeri phylogenetic group of species. The DNA G+C content ranged from 65.5 to 65.7 mol%. The strains were characterized phenotypically by the API 20NE and Biolog GEN III tests, and chemotaxonomically by their whole-cell MALDI-TOF MS protein profiles and by their fatty acid contents. The absence of the arginine dihydrolase and the hydrolysis of gelatin differentiated these strains from the closest species, Pseudomonas azotifigens . The major fatty acid contents were summed feature 8 (38.6 %), C 16 : 0 (22.6 %), summed feature 3 (20.5 %) and C 12 : 0 (8.4 %). Multilocus sequence analysis with three housekeeping gene sequences ( rpoD , gyrB and 16S rRNA) together with whole-genome comparisons indicated that these strains cluster together in the phylogenetic analysis and their similarity values were lower than the thresholds established for species in the genus Pseudomonas . These results permit us to conclude that strains A31/70 T , CCUG 58779 and SD129 belong to a novel species in the genus Pseudomonas for which the name Pseudomonas nosocomialis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A31/70 T (=CECT 9981 T =CCUG 73638 T ).

Pseudomonas is the bacterial genus of Gram-negative bacteria with the highest number of recognized species. It is divided phylogenetically into three lineages and at least 11 groups of species. The Pseudomonas putida group of species is one of the most versatile and best studied. It comprises 15 species with validly published names. As a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (GEBA) project, we present the genome sequences of the type strains of five species included in this group: Pseudomonas monteilii (DSM 14164 T ), Pseudomonas mosselii (DSM 17497 T ), Pseudomonas plecoglossicida (DSM 15088 T ) , Pseudomonas taiwanensis (DSM 21245 T ) and Pseudomonas vranovensis (DSM 16006 T ). These strains represent species of environmental and also of clinical interest due to their pathogenic properties against humans and animals. Some strains of these species promote plant growth or act as plant pathogens. Their genome sizes are among the largest in the group, ranging from 5.3 to 6.3 Mbp. In addition, the genome sequences of the type strains in the Pseudomonas taxonomy were analysed via genome-wide taxonomic comparisons of ANIb, gANI and GGDC values among 130 Pseudomonas strains classified within the group. The results demonstrate that at least 36 genomic species can be delineated within the P. putida phylogenetic group of species., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest., (© 2019 The Authors.)

Six Gram negative, motile bacteria were isolated from rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). The 16S rRNA sequence similarity values grouped them in the Pseudomonas mandelii (strains P49, P50 T , 154a T and P154b), Pseudomonas fluorescens (strain P115 T ) and Pseudomonas koreensis (strain P155 T ) phylogenetic subgroups in the genus Pseudomonas . The DNA G+C content ranged from 58.5 to 60 mol%. The strains were characterized phenotypically using API 20NE and Biolog GENIII tests, and chemotaxonomically by their whole-cell MALDI-TOF MS protein profiles and fatty acid contents. Multi-locus sequence analysis with four housekeeping gene sequences ( rpoD , rpoB , gyrB and 16S rRNA) together with genome comparisons by average nucleotide identity and genome-to-genome distance calculations were performed. Results showed that the similarity values of these strains to known species type strains were lower than the thresholds established for species in the genus Pseudomonas . Based on these data, we concluded that strains P49, P50 T , P115 T , P154a T , P154b and P155 T belonged to four novel species. The names proposed are: Pseudomonas piscium sp. nov. for strains P49 and P50 T with P50 T (=CECT 30175 T =CCUG 74871 T ) as the type strain; Pseudomonas pisciculturae sp. nov. for strain P115 T (CECT 30173 T =CCUG 74873 T ) ; Pseudomonas mucoides sp. nov. for strains P154a T and P154b with P154a T (=CECT 30177 T =CCUG 74874 T ) as the type strain; and Pseudomonas neuropathica sp. nov. for strain P155 T (=CECT 30178 T =CCUG 74875 T ).

Pseudomonas sp. KL28T is an aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from the soil of Changwon, South Korea, based on its ability to grow in the presence of linear alkylphenols (C1-C5). Despite several studies on strain KL28T, it could not be assigned to any known species in the genus Pseudomonas. The name 'Pseudomonas alkylphenolia' was proposed for KL28T, but the strain had not until now been characterized taxonomically and the name currently has no standing in the bacterial nomenclature. A 16S rRNA gene sequence based phylogenetic analysis suggested an affiliation of strain KL28T with the Pseudomonas putida group, with Pseudomonas vranovensis DSM 16006T as the most closely related type strain (99.1 % similarity). A multilocus phylogenetic sequence analysis performed by concatenating 16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoD and rpoB partial gene sequences showed that isolate KL28T could be differentiated from P. vranovensis DSM 16006T (sequence similarity 93.7 %). Genomic comparisons of strain KL28T with the type strains of the species in the P. putida group using average nucleotide index based on blast (ANIb) and genome-to genome distances (GGDC) revealed 87.06 % and 32.20 % similarities with P. vranovensis DSM 16006T, respectively, as the closest type strain. Both values are far from the thresholds established for species differentiation. These results, together with differences in phenotypic features and chemotaxonomic analyses [fatty acids and whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS], support the proposal of strain KL28T ( = JCM 16553T = KCTC 22206T) as the type strain of a novel species, for which the formerly proposed name, 'P. alkylphenolia', is correctly latinized as Pseudomonas alkylphenolica sp. nov.