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This study examined the impact of a workforce development program embedded in a health setting on subsequent risk behaviors and educational and employment outcomes among inner city males aged 16 to 28 years old. Health risk behaviors measured included subsequent fatherhood, substance use, and legal problems. Educational and employment outcomes included obtaining a high school diploma or General Equivalency Diploma (GED), completion of a job-training program, and securing employment. The program provided medical care, job readiness training, and activities emphasizing personal and social competency. Major findings of this study indicate comprehensive workforce development activities can result in risk reduction, and educational and employment enhancement among young males.

This study examined differences in socio-demographics, risk factors and interest in health care topics between males who reported depression compared to those who did not. The sample consisted of 1294 African-American and Hispanic males attending family planning clinics. The results indicated major differences between depressed and non-depressed males. Depressed males were more likely than nondepressed males to be Hispanic and to engage in risk behaviors such as cigarette smoking and drug and alcohol use. Differences were also found in regard to interest in health topics, with depressed males requiring more services related to relationships and feelings than non-depressed males. The findings indicate that young males who attend family planning clinics exhibit signs of depression and profile differently from those who do not exhibit these symptoms and may need additional assessments and referral services.