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The incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing worldwide. Approximately, 60 of patients with pancreatic cancer have distant metastases at the time of diagnosis, of which only 10 can be removed using standard resection. Further, patients derive limited benefits from chemotherapy or radiotherapy. As such, alternative methods to achieve local control have emerged, including permanent iodine-125 seed interstitial brachytherapy. In 2023, the Chinese College of Interventionalists, affiliated with the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, organized a group of multi-disciplinary experts to compose guidelines for this treatment modality. The aim of this conference was to standardize the procedure for permanent iodine-125 seed interstitial brachytherapy, including indications, contraindications, pre-procedural preparation, procedural operations, complications, efficacy evaluation, and follow-up. Keywords: Brachytherapy, guideline, iodine-125, pancreatic cancer, Author(s): Bin Liu [1,2]; Wei Huang [3]; Fujun Zhang [4]; Junjie Wang [5]; Jinhe Guo [6]; Xuequan Huang [7]; Guangyan Lei [8]; Juan Wang [9]; Xin Ye [10]; Ruoyu Wang [...]

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the effects of iodine-125 seed brachytherapy (ISB) on the overall survival (OS) of patients with heterochronous pulmonary metastasis (HPM) secondary to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: The clinical and imaging data of 123 patients with HPM secondary to HCC treated at a single center from July 2012 to July 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into ISB and non-ISB groups based on ISB treatment. Propensity score matching yielded 46 pairs of patients. A total of 191 lesions were treated, and the data were evaluated for 6 months after ISB. The OS rates of the two groups were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method. Independent prognostic factors were determined using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: The percentages of lung lesions in complete remission, partial remission, disease stable, and disease progression stages were 49.2, 32.8, 9.6, and 8.4, respectively. The disease control rate was 91.6. The median follow-up time from the initial diagnosis was 47 months and 33 months for the ISB and non-ISB groups, respectively. Patients in the ISB group had a longer OS than those in the non-ISB group (1-year: 95.7 vs. 80.3; 3-year: 62.9 vs. 45.7; 5-year: 37 vs. 20.9; P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that ISB treatment, tumor differentiation, vascular invasion, and Child - Pugh score were independent prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion: ISB improves local control and OS rates of HPM secondary to HCC; thus, it is an effective and feasible option for patients with HPM secondary to HCC. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, iodine-125 seeds, prognostic factors, propensity score matching, pulmonary metastasis, Author(s): Chongshuang Yang [1,2]; Chuang He [2]; Songtao Yu [3]; Jing Yuan [4]; Yunhua Xiao [2]; Xuequan Huang (corresponding author) [2] INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most [...]

Byline: Yingtian. Wei, Yueyong. Xiao, Zhongmin. Wang, Xiaokun. Hu, Guang. Chen, Xiaoyi. Ding, Yong. Fan, Yue. Han, Kaiwen. Huang, Xuequan. Huang, Ming. Kuang, Xu. Lang, Hailiang. Li, Chengli. Li, Jiakai. [...]

Byline: Fujun. Zhang, Junjie. Wang, Jinhe. Guo, Xuequan. Huang, Zhiyu. Guan, Guangyan. Lei, Juan. Wang, Xin. Ye, Xiaogang. Zhao, Jing. Wang, Ruoyu. Wang, Bin. Liu, Qing. Zhou, Mingfang. Zhao, Chuanxin. [...]

Byline: Qingchun. Li, Yun. Liang, Ye. Zhao, Baodong. Gai Owing to the location of the pancreas and its complex anatomical relationship, it is difficult to perform radioactive Iodine-125 seed implantation [...]