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Aeromonas hydrophila is a Gram-negative bacterium that has been linked to serious illnesses in both humans and animals. The presence of hemolysin, a virulence factor, is critical in the development of A. hydrophila -related illnesses. As a result, precise and timely detection of the hemolysin gene is critical for efficient diagnosis and prevention of many illnesses. The PCR is used in this study to detect the hemolysin gene of A. hydrophila in a novel, fast, and highly sensitive one-step technique. Specific primers were constructed to amplify a conserved area within the hemolysin gene to achieve both specificity as well as sensitivity. The PCR assay was rigorously optimized, taking temperature, primer concentration, and reaction time into account, in order to maximize the efficiency and reliability of this method. In conclusion, this method's simplicity, sensitivity, and specificity make it highly promising for regular diagnostic applications. Its application would allow for the early detection of A. hydrophila infections, allowing for more effective treatment and control methods., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the speech analysis in acquired maxillary defect patients treated with maxillary obturator., Materials and Methods: Total of 16 patients were considered in the study. The age group of these patients ranged from 40 to 75 years with a mean age of 59.5 years, irrespective of their gender. The surgical obturator was fabricated using self-cure acrylic. The surgical obturator was delivered immediately after surgery. After a healing period of about 2 weeks, the surgical obturator was replaced by an interim prosthesis. This was processed with the help of heat-cure polymethylmethacrylate. The total number of patients was divided into two groups, namely, (A) Definitive obturator group and (B) Interim obturator group. The speech intelligibility (SI), was analyzed., Results: The mean scores for SI before prosthesis in definitive and interim groups were 19.13 ± 3.22 and 19.87 ± 1.72, respectively. This was increased after prosthesis insertion to 24.38 ± 1.30 and 22.37 ± 1.18, which further increased after adaptation period of 2 months to 28.75 ± 1.28 and 24.62 ± 1.59 in two groups., Conclusion: The present study concluded that speech was severely affected by maxillary resection and that rehabilitation with maxillary obturator was successful in restoring these aspects of speech., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

Aim: The aim of the current research was to assess the ability of different dental varnishes in averting enamel demineralization adjoining the orthodontic brackets., Materials and Methods: Seventy-five premolars devoid of dental caries that were subjected to extraction for orthodontic purposes were employed in this research. The surface of enamel was etched with 37% phosphoric acid and subjected to primer application. Individual brackets were placed on the midregion of the buccal surfaces of the premolars with Transbond™ XT adhesive. Postbracket bonding, the dry premolar tooth samples were set aside cautiously. The samples were then allocated to three groups: Group I: Duraphat Varnish, Group II: Clinpro XT Varnish, and Group III: Profluorid Varnish. Every sample was independently subjected to immersion in demineralizing solution for a period of 96 h at 37°C in an incubator. Areas of demineralization were evaluated by documenting the microhardness along the severed surface using a microhardness tester equipped with a Vickers diamond., Results: The highest surface microhardness was noted with Profluorid Varnish group at 328.48 ± 1.12 in pursuit by Clinpro XT Varnish group at 322.08 ± 0.04 as well as Duraphat Varnish group at 307.42 ± 0.28 with a statistically noteworthy dissimilarity amid the groups., Conclusion: In conclusion, the three varnishes employed had an influence on the prevention of enamel demineralization surrounding the orthodontic brackets. Profluorid varnish however exhibited maximum efficiency in avoiding enamel demineralization versus Clinpro XT varnish as well as Duraphat varnish group., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey concerning the practice of occlusal splint for treating temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) by the dental practitioners of Jabalpur., Materials and Methods: A questionnaire containing questions on diagnosis, treatment, and management of TMD was given to a total of 157 general dental practitioners in Jabalpur. The responses were collected; data analysis was done by Chi-square test., Results: Of the General Dental Practitioner's, nearly 78% of participants did not attend any continuing dental education on TMD per year. More than 10 years of experience (82%) was associated with increase in positive response for treatment of TMD patient. Both the diagnosis and treatment of TMD patient were done using combination methods. The duration of splint use was considered patient dependent (42.27%) irrespective of the years of practice. Soft splint was most commonly employed for treatment, and fabrication of splint was done on hinge and mean value articulator., Conclusion: The knowledge of occlusal splint by general practitioners was found to be insufficient for treating TMDs., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2021 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is any consistent relationship between interalar distance and six maxillary anterior teeth in two ethnic groups., Materials and Methods: Two hundred subjects (Assamese 100 and Nyishi 100) of different age and sex ranging from 18 to 33 years were identified for this study. The distance between two widest points marked on the alae of nose was measured by means of sliding digital caliper. Statistical analysis of variance was the testing method to determine whether the nasal width and intercanine distance were different in various racial groups., Results: The mean nasal width dimension in Assamese group was 36.38 mm (range 28.55-50.00 mm). The mean nasal width dimension in Nyishi group was 35.73 mm (range 31.34-41.90 mm). For the nasal width, no significant difference was observed between two races. For the canine cusp tip to cusp tip distance, the mean value of Assamese subjects was 43.63 mm (range 39.02-50.02 mm), whereas the Nyishi presented 41.77 mm (range 36.69-47.05 mm)., Conclusion: For the two racial groups studied, the measurements of the interalar width showed a weak correlation with the canine to canine distance, not sufficiently high to be used as a predictive factor. It suggests to select wider artificial teeth. Practitioners can use ethnic norms as guides, not absolute values., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oral health and quality of life in removable prosthesis users., Materials and Methods: An investigative cross-sectional study was designed, and 200 participants were considered based on calculations from the studies in the past. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 survey comprises two parts in the study. Questions related to sociodemographic factors that documented age, gender, and type of removable prosthesis were included in the initial part of survey. Questions related to impact of oral health on quality of life make up the latter part of the survey. The answers ranged from "Definitely no" to "Definitely yes" for every item on a scale having 5 points. The likely range of scores is from 14 to 70. Data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 20.0 for Windows. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant., Results: A survey evaluating the relationship between oral health and quality of life was adequately completed by 200 participants. Of these, 18 (22%) were women and 154 (78%) were men. The parameters such as gender, age, and the relationship between oral health and quality of life did not show significant difference either within groups or between the groups. The enrolled participants were wearing different dental prostheses such as complete dentures (CDs) in both upper (U) jaw and lower (L) jaw (19%), U jaw (3%), L jaw (4%) and removable prostheses in both jaws (30%), U jaw (24%) and L jaw (20%). No statistically significant differences were seen between them. The scores for oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) were associated positively with removable prosthesis score ( r = 0.122) and were statistically significant., Conclusion: This study concluded that the use of removable prosthesis may positively impact OHRQoL. The period of usage of removable dentures was the highly significant parameter affecting patient gratification, whereas the practice of using removable prostheses was the highly significant parameter affecting the relationship between oral health and quality of life., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

Purpose: Variation of dimensions of the nasopalatine canal and anterior maxillary bone thickness vary in relation to age, gender, edentulism, and ethnicity; thorough knowledge with regard to these landmarks is of vital importance prior to surgical procedures such as implant placement and local anesthesia in the anterior maxilla. Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) aids in accurate treatment planning in such situations., Subjects and Methods: A total of 300 participants were selected by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. CBCT was performed with Hyperion X9 CBCT Scanner. Images were reconstructed from the CBCT data using NNT image reconstruction software and visualized using multi-planar resolution screen. The dimensions of the nasopalatine foramen (NPF), the incisive canal (IC) and foramen, and anterior maxillary bone thickness were measured., Results: The mean diameter of NPF was found to be 3.27 mm, incisive foramen (IF) was 3.62 mm, IC was 2.12 mm. The average length of the IC was 10.66 mm. The IF was located at a mean distance of 13.81 mm away from the most anteroinferior point of the cortical plate of the labial bone of the maxilla. The anterior maxillary bone was the thickest at the nasal spine level (10.94 mm), and was the narrowest at lower labial alveolus (7.16 mm). The average anterior maxillary bone thickness was found to be 8.36 mm., Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it was found that found that gender and age are important factors that affected the characteristics of the IC and the amount of bone anterior to it., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.