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Objective The objective of the study was to validate PIRADS v2 on 3T MRI with secondary assessment if combination of the PIRADS v2 and PSA density improves detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. Materials and Methods We conducted a prospective study evaluating 58 patients with PSA value of >4 ng/ml from July 2017 to December 2019. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) guided targeted biopsy was performed via cognitive targeting followed by systemic 12 core biopsy. Two cognitive fusion-targeted biopsy cores were added for each lesion in patients who had suspicious or equivocal lesions on mpMRI. The PI-RADS scoring system version 2.0 (PI-RADS v2) was used to describe the MRI findings. Results Total of 112 lesions of 58 patients were assessed via mpMRI followed by TRUS guided biopsy. A PI-RADS v2 score of ≥4 irrespective of PSA density categories and a PI-RADS v2 score of 3 with PSA density of ≥0.15 ng/mL/cc, yielded the highest overall prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer detection rate. Contrary to, a PI-RADS v2 score of ≤3 and a PSA densitay of

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is direct abnormal communication with the shunting of blood from an artery to a vein without intervening capillary network. AVF in preauricular location is uncommon, and most of the cases are posttraumatic or iatrogenic. The endovascular route is the preferred approach for treating such a lesion with better cosmetic outcome, however surgical excision may be required for complex cases.

Schwannomas are rare benign encapsulated neoplasms that usually do not arise in the nasal and oral cavities. Only about 25% of the schwannomas are located in the head-and-neck region. The preoperative diagnosis of schwannomas in the head-and-neck region is difficult, as they present with varied clinical manifestations and have nonspecific radiological findings, which can lead to a diagnostic dilemma. We report two cases of schwannomas, one in the nasal cavity and the other in the tongue, that were considered to be an infective lesion and malignant lesion respectively on clinical evaluation. The biopsy and subsequent histopathological examination led to the diagnosis of schwannoma. It is important to be aware of the unusual clinical manifestations of schwannomas and keep it in the differential diagnoses, even at relatively uncommon sites such as the nasal and oral cavities. Lesions that are suspected to be infectious lesions or malignant lesions on clinical and/or radiological evaluation can also be schwannomas. Unnecessary diagnostic evaluations and radical therapeutic measures can be avoided with early diagnosis.

Entamoeba histolytica infection can lead to colitis, peri-colic abscess, ameboma, perforation and rarely colonic stricture. Amebic colitis is usually managed with medical management and rarely needs surgical management. We hereby report a case of colonic amebiasis, presenting as a stricture in transverse colon, mimicking malignancy, and managed successfully.

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWW) is a triad of didelphys uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. It is a combined anomaly of Mullerian and mesonephric ducts. It usually presents in adolescent females after menarche with nonspecific symptoms of pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and rarely a palpable pelvic mass. We report here, a case of an 18-year-old female presenting with complaints of lower abdominal pain and dysmenorrhea where magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the diagnosis of HWW syndrome. MRI is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosis of HWW syndrome and associated complications such as endometriosis.