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Background: Stillbirths are very traumatic events to the parents, family, and obstetricians. Although a global public health crises, it has remained relatively hidden while their devastations continue unabated in different parts of the world. We have not evaluated this tragedy in our practice environment hence the need for this paper. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving all cases of stillbirths that occurred at the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, over a 3-year period, 2017–2019. The case notes were gotten and relevant information was retrieved and analyzed. Results: The prevalence of stillbirths in our centre was 16.1 per 1000 deliveries or one stillbirth in 62 deliveries. Majority of our parturients who had stillbirths 89 (81.7%) were unbooked, 43 (39.5%) had only primary education, 16 (14.7%) had no education at all, and only 10 (9.2%) had tertiary education. The leading cause of stillbirths was abruptio placenta 27 (24.8%) followed by prolonged obstructed labor 22 (21.1%), intrauterine fetal death of unknown cause 18 (16.5%), and ruptured uterus 10 (9%). Seventy-three (67%) women were delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery while 18 (16.5%) had a caesarean section. Thirty (27.5%) women had postpartum hemorrhage. None of the dead babies had an autopsy performed on them. Conclusion: The prevalence of stillbirth in our centre is unacceptably high and majority of the causes are preventable. There is an urgent need for public enlightenment to highlight this silent tragedy and mobilize efforts toward its prevention. Carrying out autopsies on stillbirths especially those with unexplained causes will help elucidate some of the causes.

Background: Despite the availability of effective antihypertensive drugs, the quality of evidence regarding the best antihypertensive agent for the treatment of hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy is still poor. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effects of oral nifedipine and intravenous hydralazine for control of blood pressure (BP) in severe hypertension in pregnancy. Materials and Methods: An open-label, parallel, randomised, controlled trial of 78 pregnant women (≥28 weeks' gestation) with severe hypertension was conducted. Severe hypertension was defined as systolic BP of 160 mmHg or above and/or diastolic BP of 110 mmHg or above. They were randomly (1:1 ratio) administered oral nifedipine 20 mg or intravenous hydralazine 10 mg every 30 min up to 5 doses or until the target BP of 140–150 mmHg systolic and 90–100 mmHg diastolic was achieved. Intravenous labetalol was given if the primary treatment failed. The primary outcome measure was the number of doses needed to achieve targeted BP. The secondary outcome measures were the time needed to achieve desired BP, maternal adverse effects and perinatal outcome. Results: The sociodemographic characteristics did not differ between the two study groups. The average number of dosages (nifedipine; 1.4 ± 0.6 vs. hydralazine; 1.7 ± 0.5, P = 0.008) needed to control the BP was lower in the nifedipine arm. Time (min) taken to control the BP was similar between the groups (hydralazine; 43.7 ± 19.7 vs. nifedipine; 51.2 ± 18.9, P = 0.113). Adverse maternal and perinatal effects did not differ in the study groups. Conclusion: Oral nifedipine and intravenous hydralazine showed comparable efficacy in the BP control in the severe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy without significant difference in adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. However, further studies are required to explore the role of these drugs in BP control during hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy. ClinicalTrials.gov (Identification number: NCT04435210).

Introduction: Eclampsia is one of the most dreaded causes of adverse outcomes of pregnancy worldwide. It is one of the greatest causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality world over. We do not know the prevalence, management outcome, and the devastation caused by this dreaded disease in our center hence the need for this work. Materials and Methods: This is a 7-year retrospective review of all cases of eclampsia managed in Mater Misericordiae Hospital Afikpo, a rural secondary cum referral Catholic Mission Hospital in Afikpo, Ebonyi State in Southeastern Nigeria. Results: The prevalence of eclampsia in our center is 1.12% or one case of eclampsia for every 89 women that delivered in our facility. The majority of the women that had eclampsia in our center 56 (71.8%) were primigravidae. Seventeen women (21.8%) had various antenatal complications with 4 or 23.6% presenting with intrauterine fetal deaths and two (11.8%) each with intrauterine growth restriction, and domestic violence, respectively. Thirty-five or 44.9% of the women were delivered by emergency lower segment cesarean section. Fifteen or 17.9% babies were dead giving a perinatal mortality rate of 174 per 1,000After delivery, and 3 (3.8%) of the women had postpartum hemorrhage. Two women (2.6%) died giving a maternal mortality ratio of 2564 per 100,000 deliveries. Conclusion: Eclampsia is a dreaded obstetric disease with adverse fetal and maternal consequences that are not mitigating, and no effort should be spared in managing it effectively including public enlightenment.

Introduction: Family planning is very important and confers huge benefits to the woman, her family and country. It helps reduce maternal morbidity and mortality among other benefits. In spite of these obvious benefits of and the huge expenditure on it, uptake by women continues to be very low. We conducted this study to find out the reasons for this low uptake in our practice environment.Methodology: This is a cross sectional study where structured pre-tested questionnaires were administered to women in Abakaliki, the capital of Ebonyi State from February to April 2015.Results: Of the 354 questionnaires administered, 330 (93.2%) were complete and used for analysis. Majority of the respondents, 285 (86.4%) were in the 26 to 30 years age bracket. All of them were Ibos. Sixty two(18.8%) of the participants had one of their pregnancies unplanned and 19(5.7%) had at least one of their pregnancies unwanted. Though 300 (90.9%) had heard of family planning and was aware of it, only 180(54.5%) had used a family planning method before with majority, 105(58.2%) using natural family planning method. Only 22.7% of the participants was using a family planning method at the time of the study. In majority of the women, 166(50.3%) ,their fears about family planning was the troublesome side effects followed by 110(33.3%) whose husbands objected to their using family planning. Twenty seven women (8.2%) respectively did not use family planning because it is against their culture and religion.Conclusion: Though some progress have been made in family planning, a lot more will be achieved if new programmes are designed to involve the men more actively and address other identified fears among women with regards to family planning.Keywords: Abakaliki; barrier; family planning acceptance; Nigeria

Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) complicating pregnancy is a rare event, with documented incidence of 1–3 per 100,000 people annually. Maternal and perinatal mortality rate of >10% is associated with GBS. We present a 28-year-old gravida four para three housewife who developed progressive ascending paralysis during the second trimester of pregnancy. A detailed history and physical examination led to the clinical diagnosis of GBS; she had a preceding gastrointestinal infective episode. She did not consent to lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid analysis, but all investigation results were normal. She was managed supportively as an in-patient with physiotherapy in conjunction with the physiotherapists. Her symptoms improved and she was discharged after 12 days. The rest of the pregnancy progressed uneventfully, and she had a spontaneous vertex delivery of a live female baby that weighed 2.55 kg with good Apgar scores, after 8 h of uncomplicated labour at term. She did not have any postpartum complications, and the neonate was healthy and normal.

Miss OO was seen at the gynaecology clinic in April 2008 with history of a road traffic accident three years earlier. She was thrown off a motorcycle and fell astride a culvert, sustaining perineal injury. She was treated at a private hospital, but subsequently developed faecal incontinence and was usually soiled with faecal matter during coitus. Examination revealed loss of perineal body and reconstruction was done, with success. With increase in motorcycle accidents on our roads, many more gynaecologically-related traumas are bound to occur. Proper and timely referral will lead to improved management with reduced psychosocial trauma. Organized awareness creation programmes will reduce these accidents in the long-term.

Background: Teenage pregnancy is a high risk pregnancy associated with obstetric, fetal, neonatal and psycho‑social complications. These complications are worsened by poverty, ignorance and lack of special care during pregnancy. Aim: The objective of the following study is to determine the obstetric and neonatal outcome of teenage pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective case control study was carried out over a 6 years period, 2006‑2011. All teenage pregnancies (aged 13‑19 years) at Federal Medical Center Abakaliki, Ebonyi were taken as cases. Pregnancy deliveries from mothers aged 20 to 29 that met the inclusion criteria were selected as controls. A total of 137 teenage pregnancies were analyzed and compared with 948 controls. Statistical analysis was performed using 2008 Epi‑info statistical software version 3.5.1 (Atlanta, Georgia, USA). Results : The incidence of teenage deliveries over the period of the study was (137/8020) 2.25%. Single mothers were commoner (40.9% [56/137] vs. 3.1% [29/948], P < 0.01) among the teenagers. Low educational status was more common among teenage mothers (P < 0.01). Unbooked pregnancies were significantly common among teenage mothers (23.4% [32/137] vs. 12.3% [117/948], P < 0.01). Anemia in pregnancy (18.1% [41/226] vs. 11.2% [65/579], P = 0.01), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pregnancy (4.9% [11/226] vs. 1.7% [10/579], P = 0.01) and malaria in pregnancy (26.1% [59/226] vs. 12.4% [72/579], P < 0.01) were significantly common in teenage pregnancies than the control. Teenage mother had significantly increased cesarean deliveries (23% [31/137] vs. 14.8% [140/948], P < 0.02), male deliveries (64.3% [90/140] vs. 52.1% [502/963], P < 0.03) and low birth weight (19.3% [27/140] vs. 12.7% [122/963], P < 0.03). Fetal loss (22.1% [31/140] vs. 3.3% [32/963] P < 0.01) and birth asphyxia (19.3% [27/140] vs. 6.8% [65/963], P < 0.01) were significantly common among teen mothers in the 1st min American Pediatric Gross Assessment Records score. Conclusion : Teenage pregnancies were associated with a significantly higher risk of anemia in pregnancy, HIV in pregnancy, malaria in pregnancy, cesarean deliveries and poor fetal outcome. Health education, women enlightenment and empowerment will be essential in reducing the problems of teenage pregnancy. Keywords : Abakaliki, outcome, teenage pregnancy, tertiary hospital