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We report a rare congenital coronary anomaly diagnosed in a 53-year-old male who presented with recent onset breathlessness, 2-D echocardiography revealed dilated single right coronary artery, left ventricular dysfunction with regional wall motion abnormality in left anterior descending coronary artery. On coronary angiography and computed tomography, the typical anatomy of ALCAPA was revealed. Cardiac MRI revealed predominant viable myocardium. Patient underwent successful corrective surgery with improvement of ventricular function at one-month follow up.

Eriskin tipte laringeal rabdomiyom yetiskinlerde gorulen, yavas buyumesine bagli uzun surede semptomatik olan, benign mezenkimal bir tumordur. Genellikle, bas ve boyun duz kaslarindan kaynaklanir. Rabdomiyomlar disfaji, ses kisikligi ve bogazda cisim hissine neden olurlar. Bu yazida, ust hava yolu tikanikliklarinda entubasyon oncesi laringeal kitle acisindan degerlendirmenin onemini, dispne ve zor trakeal entubasyona neden olan piriform sinus kaynakli eriskin tipte laringeal rabdomiyom olgusu uzerinden anlatmaktadir.

Cutaneous xanthogranuloma is a dermatosis, clinically presenting as papules, nodules or plaques and histopathologically characterized by diffuse dermal infiltration of epithelioid cells with vesicular nuclei and conspicuous cytoplasm showing focal xanthomatous changes, and a mixed inflammation including eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes. Although the disease is commonly observed in childhood, adult cases have also been reported and may cause confusion with various disorders histopathologically, including malignant melanoma. Herein, we report a case of adult type xanthogranuloma with reference to the literature.

Lipomas are benign mesenchymal tumours, which are composed of the fat cells of adult type. Lipomas have been identified in all age groups, but they are mostly seen between 40 and 60 years of age. They are usually solitary tumours, more common in females, most often located on the posterior neck and on the back, but they can also be multiple and small tumours all over the body and extremities. Anterior neck lipomas are rare. We report a case of a giant subcutaneous solitary lipoma of anterior neck in a 60-year-old male managed surgically.

Prematurity comprises a series of disadvantages that render adaptation to extra-uterine life extremely difficult. Among these, establishing an adult type of cardiorespiratory circulation including closing of the fetal shunts, resorption of the fluid, which fills the lungs and achieving functional residual capacity, to change to oxygen enriched milieu, and keeping an adequate body temperature are altogether challenges that without the aid of heavily skilled caregivers in the delivery room (DR) are practically insurmountable for the very preterm infant. In recent years, there is an unequivocal tendency toward gentle management of preterm babies in the DR to avoid long-term consequences. Caregivers' aim should be to achieve a satisfactory stabilization of the patient without causing harm to his/her feeble organs during the so-called first golden minutes. The last International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Guidelines were published in 2010. Since then, new information has rendered available. The aim of this review is to provide the reader with updated information regarding newly performed interventions in the DR hoping that it will be useful for their everyday clinical practice.

Background: Despite the evidence that goal blood glucose control reduces preventable emergency hospitalizations, the control of blood glucose has been variable in Nigeria. Aim: The study was designed to determine the blood glucose control and medication adherence among adult type 2 diabetic Nigerians attending a primary care clinic in under-resourced environment of Eastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 120 adult type 2 diabetic patients who were on treatment for at least 3 months at the primary care clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia. A patient was said to have a goal blood glucose control if the fasting blood glucose was 70-130 mg/dL. Adherence was assessed in the previous 30 days using pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire on self-reported therapy. Operationally, an adherent patient was one who scored 4 points in the previous 30 days. The reasons for non-adherence were documented. Results: The blood glucose control and medication adherence rates were 61.7% and 72.5%, respectively. Blood glucose control was significantly associated with adherence to treatment ( P =0.025) and medication duration ≥3 years ( P =0.045). The most common reason for non-adherence was financial constraints ( P =0.033). Conclusion: Glycaemic control and medication adherence among the study population were good and should constitute logical targets for intervention.

Background: Dyslipidemia has been noted to play an integral role in the pathogenesis and progression of micro and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients. The complications exemplified by renal vascular and cardiovascular disease cause the most morbidity and mortality in this group of patients. Objective: This study is aimed at understanding the pattern of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 108 consenting adult type 2 diabetic patients seen in the medical unit of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi were evaluated in this crosssectional study. Their fasting lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, weight, height and blood pressure were evaluated. Result: The prevalence of dyslipidemia (at least one abnormal lipid profile) was 90.7%. The 24.1% had single dyslipidemia while 66.6% had combined dyslipidemia. Reduced HDL constituted the highest single abnormality (62%) followed by hypertriglyceridemia (56.5%), hypercholesterolemia (53.7%) and high LDL in (44.4%). The duration of DM was not significantly associated with dyslipidemia (P >0.05). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is highly prevalent among type 2 diabetic patients in Nigeria with the majority of the patients having combined dyslipidemia. We recommend that aggressive treatment of lipidemia and hyperglycemia can be instituted to reduce the risk of macro and microvascular complications.