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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, with an increasing prevalence in children, up to 10-15%. This is a presentation of a clinical case of a 7-year-old boy which helps us understand more easily the clinical manifestations, particularly in young children, how to diagnose asthma at this age, and the case management difficulties. The presentation of hereditary factors and of the asthma trigers, the clinical manifestations and the investigations we can use and recommend to support our diagnosis help us to understand the patient with bronchial asthma and to establish the monitoring plan. The correct treatment of asthma in children leads to the disappearance of symptoms in adulthood and to the avoidance of future complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is the most common chronic noncommunicable disease, having a complex determinism. Early exposure to various environmental factors such as caesarean delivery, use of antibiotics during the neonatal period and formula fed in the first months of life are all associated with an increase in the prevalence of asthma. Also, the intestinal and lung microbiota can have an impact on the association with asthma through changes in the immunomodulatory cells, in the composition of microbiota, but also through changes in the metabolites of the intestinal microflora. The gut microbiome also impacts systemic immunity. There is also evidence which suggests that changes in gut microbiota may play a role in obesityrelated asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is the most common chronic lung disorder and affects approximately 15-20% of the population in developed countries, whereas the rate is around 2-4% in less developed countries. The incidence rates are much higher in children, with roughly 40% of children reporting having a wheezing episode which can turn at some point into asthma. Understanding pathogenesis can help to better treat those patients. The release of these inflammatory mediators is the primary cause of the key feature of asthma – chronic airway inflammation. This in turn leads to the airway remodeling phenomenon, which is seen by the thickened airway walls and hence the narrowing of the air passages, ultimately having a profound impact on the course and chronicity of the condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic that we are still going through continues to bring challenges in the management of many chronic diseases that change their evolutionary course or is the source of pathologies for which not enough information has yet been accumulated for a common diagnostic and therapeutic denominator, in adults and especially in children. Although most children who had SARS-CoV-2 infection had mild to moderate manifestations, there were also cases with severe forms that frequently associated a chronic pathology with little or no therapeutic control. The authors present the case of a patient diagnosed with noncompliant therapeutic asthma, who after a SARS-CoV-2 infection presented spontaneous pneumothorax, a life threatening complication that required emergency surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is an important disease both in adults and children, which frequently results in severe financial and health implications globally, afflicting in excess of 300 million people worldwide. Asthma is initially seen in childhood and manifests in conjunction with conditions such as hay fever and atopic dermatitis. Assessing functional respiratory parameters is often challenging, especially in children, where spirometry requires the full collaboration in order to correctly aquire and interpret flows and volumes. Guidelines, techniques and the interpretation of results are discussed regarding the use of spirometry in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, classically characterized by two pathogenic mechanisms: allergic and non-allergic. The clinical manifestations include dyspnoea, wheezing and cough, reversible upon removal of the trigger. Triggering factors, natural history and molecular biology are currently explained by mechanisms underlying the clinical management of asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The manifestations of allergy at pediatric age are diverse, being the clinical mirror of an extended spectrum of pathologies. The incidence of childhood allergy is increasing both worldwide and in Romania. This study attempts to achieve an epidemiological profile for the child with allergy by identifying common elements in a group of 1,567 children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the progress made regarding the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease and the existing therapeutic arsenal, the morbidity and mortality rates of asthma are still high. Starting from recent recommendations regarding the asthma treatment, the RespiRo Group, which brings together family physicians with a special interest in respiratory health, proposes to professional societies, patients’ associations, mass media representatives and political decision-makers to join the Asthma Right Care campaign, initiated under the auspices of the International Primary Care Respiratory Group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways of the lung, whose symptoms are recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing. Daily medication is used in persistent asthma in order to achieve control. Inhaled corticosteroids have great efficacy, because they treat the inflammatory cause of asthma; they also have a good safety profile. In a stepwise approach, long-acting beta agonist and other drugs are used along inhaled corticosteroid as controller therapy. During asthma exacerbations, short-acting beta2 agonists are the preferred therapy. The patient should know how important is to adhere to chronic use of inhaled drugs. They also should know how and when to use the controller medication and quick-relief drugs. The pharmacists should be able to provide education to the patient and to counsel the patient on proper use of inhalers. The present paper reviews actual guideline for asthma management and drugs for asthma available in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis/ rhinoconjuctivitis, asthma, and urticaria, are common conditions in the adult population, affecting women at the fertile age. Although, ideally, pregnant women should not receive pharmacologic treatment because of associated risks for the unborn child, sometimes quality of life impairment or risks of associated complications make medication necessary. The benefit/risk ratios associated with treatment in allergic diseases are favourable and allow the safe administration of several pharmacological classes. Oral antihistamines, predominantly loratadine and cetirizine, have a good safety profile in pregnant women. Treating asthma is extremely important because of the risks associated with the disease, and the preferred treatment is inhaled corticosteroids, and other classes of antiasthmatic drugs can also be administered. Allergen-specific immunotherapy can be continued during pregnancy safely, and some studies suggest a possible protective effect on the subsequent development of allergic diseases in the child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]