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A case study of 58-year-old man is presented who was referred for a locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous SCC. Topics include examines his medical history included an inflammatory bowel disease treated by methotrexate, an AJCC 8th stage IA melanoma of the forehead treated by wide excision and a 20-year long history of recurrent cutaneous SCCs of the face treated with multiple iterative surgeries.

The article discusses a case report of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) in an 11-year-old child initially misdiagnosed as Crohn's disease due to skin and otorhinolaryngeal manifestations. CGD is a rare primary immunodeficiency affecting 1 in 200,000 births, caused by a defect in the NADPH oxidase system. The article highlights the importance of considering CGD as a differential diagnosis in cases of early-onset inflammatory bowel disease to prevent infectious complications and improve patient outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Exosomes are involved in modulating the immune system and mediating communication between cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of exosomes in psoriasis. Exosomes from patients with psoriasis were analysed by nanoparticle tracking analysis and protein expression was analysed by western blotting. The concentration of HSP70 was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) were determined by flow cytometry. Based on the severity of psoriasis, evaluated by body surface area (= 10% vs. > 10%), 2 groups of patients were compared (49 with mild psoriasis and 71 with moderate-to-severe psoriasis). The number (2.52×1011 ± 2.29×1010 vs. 1.79×1011 ± 1.93×1010, p = 0.19) and size (94.44 ± 22.00 nm vs. 96.87 ± 28.30 nm, p = 0.72) of exosomes and the concentration of HSP70 in the exosomes were not significantly different in the 2 groups of patients. IL-17A exosome levels were significantly higher in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis compared with those with mild psoriasis (p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in levels of TNF-a, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. This study shows, for the first time, the presence of circulating exosomes in patients with psoriasis. These data confirm the involvement of circulating exosomes in psoriasis, in particular in moderate-to-severe psoriasis, through IL-17A-producing exosomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prognostic value of the sentinel lymph node in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) has been examined previously in heterogeneous retrospective studies. The current retrospective study included a homogeneous population of patients with a localized MCC, all staged with sentinel lymph node biopsy. Factors associated with 3-year progression-free survival were analysed using logistic regression. The sentinel lymph node was positive in 32% of patients. The recurrence rate was 26.9%. In first analyses (n = 108), gender (p = 0.0115) and the presence of immunosuppression (p = 0.0494) were the only significant independent factors. In further analyses (n = 80), excluding patients treated with regional radiotherapy, sentinel lymph node status was the only significant prognostic factor (p = 0.0281). Immunosuppression and positive sentinel lymph node are associated with a worse prognosis in patients with MCC. Nodal irradiation impacts on the prognostic value of the sentinel lymph node status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the Dupilumab Efficacy and Safety in Adolescents with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis. It mentions Dupilumab (DUPI) is an anti-interleukin-4-receptor-α monoclonal antibody that blocks signalling of interleukin 4 and interleukin 13, which are involved in numerous allergic diseases ranging from asthma to atopic dermatitis.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to an article on low incidence of polymorphous light eruption in renal transplant recipients.

The article presents a case study of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor treatment in a one-month-old boy with epilepsy after fall, with a history of subcutaneous vascular abdominal tomour with two skin patches diagnosed as tufted angioma (TA) through skin biopsy. He was diagnosed with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and first treated with oral prednisolone and replaced with sirolimus after suffering from drug-resistant epilepsy.

The article presents a case study of a 8-year-old boy with a medical history of atopic disease and food allergies and diagnosed with dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) mutation syndrome. Diagnosis of hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) has been conducted which confirm the DOCK8 mutations and deficiency of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mutations. Also discussed the Job's syndrome.

The article describes the case of a 27-year-old white female patient with a history of digestive symptoms, pneumonia and skin conditions, and who developed aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma (APK) linked with a compound heterozygosity for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations. The diagnosis is confirmed after performing physical test, sweat test, computed tomography (CT) and CFTR sequencing. A discussion on CF in children and young adults is offered.

The article discusses a study which evaluated the efficacy of cyclosporin (CsA) in a large number of patients with solar urticaria (SU). All patients received Neoral with the dosage differing among patients starting from 2.5-5 mg/kg/day increasing after 1-4 months in 4 patients. It notes that most of the patients in the study with severe and refractory SU did not benefit from CsA although a small number of patients achieved complete or partial remission.

The article describes the case of a 36-year-old male patient with a history of psoriasis treated with methotrexate (MTX), cyclosporine and ustekinumab, and who was diagnosed with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). The diagnosis was confirmed after performing physical, cardiovascular, pulmonary, abdominal and neurological examinations, computed tomography (CT) and blood analysis. The possible mechanisms which are associated with drug-induced TTP are described.

A case study describing perineal carcinoma cuniculatum (CC) complicating giant condyloma in an HIV-infected patient is presented. The patient was treated with combined systemic isotretinoin and interferon therapy when surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy could not be used. Topics covered include the medical history of the patient, the clinical presentation of CC, and the management and outcome of the patient.

Background: There are few epidemiological data available on rare skin cancer, including Merkel cell carcinoma, Paget's disease, adnexal carcinoma, and sarcoma. We conducted this study to investigate the epidemiology of rare skin cancer diagnosed in the department of Doubs from 1980 to 2004., Methods: Data were collected from a population-based cancer registry from 1980 to 2004. Diagnosis was based on the 3(rd) edition of the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology. The incidence rates were standardized on world population., Results: One hundred and fifty one patients were investigated (88 women and 63 men). Median age for the diagnosed disease was 63 years. The standardized incidence rate was 0.82/100 000 person-year (95% CI = 0.68-0.96) and increased from 0.25 in 1980-1984 to 1.50 in 2000-2004. Fifty nine cases (39%) were sarcomas, 35 (23%) adnexal carcinomas, 27 (18%) Merkel cell carcinoma and 27 (18%) Paget's disease. The standardized incidence rates were 0.37/100 000 (0.27-0.47) for sarcomas, 0.16 (0.10-0.22) for adnexal tumors, 0.13 (0.08-0.18) for Merkel cell carcinoma, and 0.15 (0.09-0.21) for Paget's disease., Conclusions: Our results based on a population-based cancer registry showed an increase of the standardized incidence rate for all types of rare skin tumors. These results may be useful when considering the growing interest in rare diseases in identifying risk factors and planning scientific research programmes.