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2219 aluminum alloy is a kind of high-strength Al-Cu-Mn alloy that can be strengthened by heat treatment. Its mechanical property parameters and forming properties are greatly affected by the deformation rate, temperature and strain. Taking 2219 aluminum alloy extruded bar as the research object, the Gleeble-3500 thermomechanical simulator was used to analyze the thermal compression deformation behavior of 2219 aluminum alloy under different temperatures and strain rates. The results show that the deformation behavior of 2219 aluminum alloy under high temperatures is greatly influenced by the deformation temperature and strain rate, and the flow stress is the result of high-temperature softening, strain hardening and deformation rate hardening. According to the experiment results, the Arrhenius constitutive model and the exponential constitutive model considering the influence of temperature and strain rate, respectively, were established, and the predicted results of the two constitutive models were in good agreement with the test results. On this basis, the processing map of 2219 aluminum alloy was established. Under the same strain rate condition with an increase of the deformation temperature, the power dissipation efficiency increases gradually, and the driving force of 2219 aluminum alloy to change its microstructure increases gradually. At the same deformation temperature, the lower the strain rate, the less possibility of plastic instability.