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Different results regarding different integro-differentials are usually not properly generalized, as they often do not satisfy some of the constraints. The field of fuzzy integro-differentials is very rich these days because of their different applications and functions in different physical phenomena. Solutions of linear fuzzy Volterra integro-differential equations (FVIDEs) are more generalized and have better applications. In this report, the Sumudu decomposition method (SDM) was used to find the solution to some linear and nonlinear fuzzy integro-differential equations (FIDEs). Some examples are given to show the validity of the presented method.

We found some errors in Lemma 1 of our paper [...]

Khovanov homology is a categorication of the Jones polynomial. It consists of graded chain complexes which, up to chain homotopy, are link invariants, and whose graded Euler characteristic is equal to the Jones polynomial of the link. In this article we give some Khovanov homology groups of 3-strand braid links Δ 2 k + 1 = x 1 2 k + 2 x 2 x 1 2 x 2 2 x 1 2 ⋯ x 2 2 x 1 2 x 1 2 , Δ 2 k + 1 x 2 , and Δ 2 k + 1 x 1 , where Δ is the Garside element x 1 x 2 x 1 , and which are three out of all six classes of the general braid x 1 x 2 x 1 x 2 ⋯ with n factors.

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of an α -admissible nonself-mapping, an α -F-contractive nonself-mapping, a weak α -F-contractive nonself-mapping, and a generalized α -F-contractive nonself-mapping and prove some P P F (past-present-future)-dependent fixed point theorems for the proposed contractive nonself-mappings in certain Razumikhin classes. By using our results, we derive some P P F -dependent fixed point theorems for an α -F-contractive nonself-mapping endowed with a graph or a partial order. Finally, we give some applications to illustrate the main results.

In this article, we establish bounds of sum of the left and right sided Riemann Liouville (RL) fractional integrals and related inequalities in general form. A new and novel approach is followed to obtain these results for general Riemann Liouville (RL) fractional integrals. Monotonicity and convexity of functions are used with some usual and straight forward inequalities. The presented results are also have connection with some known and already published results. Applications and motivations of presented results are briefly discussed.

Topological indices and connectivity polynomials are invariants of molecular graphs. These invariants have the tendency of predicting the properties of the molecular structures. The honeycomb network structure is an important type of benzene network. In the present article, new topological characterizations of honeycomb networks are given in the form of degree-based descriptors. In particular, we compute Zagreb and Forgotten polynomials and some topological indices such as the hyper-Zagreb index, first and second multiple Zagreb indices and the Forgotten index, F. We, for the first time, determine some regularity indices such as the Albert index, Bell index and I R M ( G ) index, as well as the F-index of the complement of the honeycomb network and several co-indices related to this network without considering the graph of its complement or even the line graph. These indices are useful for correlating the physio-chemical properties of the honeycomb network. We also give a graph theoretic analysis of some indices against the dimension of this network.

Many degree-based topological indices can be obtained from the closed-off M-polynomial of a carbon nanocone. These topological indices are numerical parameters that are associated with a structure and, in combination, determine the properties of the carbon nanocone. In this paper, we compute the closed form of the M-polynomial of generalized carbon nanocone and recover many important degree-based topological indices. We use software Maple 2015 (Maplesoft, Waterloo, ON, Canada) to plot the surfaces and graphs associated with these nanocones, and relate the topological indices to the structure of these nanocones.

Fixed points of functions have applications in game theory, mathematics, physics, economics and computer science. The purpose of this article is to compute fixed points of a general quadratic polynomial in finite algebras of split quaternion and octonion over prime fields Z p. Some characterizations of fixed points in terms of the coefficients of these polynomials are also given. Particularly, cardinalities of these fixed points have been determined depending upon the characteristics of the underlying field.

The application of graph theory in chemical and molecular structure research has far exceeded people’s expectations, and it has recently grown exponentially. In the molecular graph, atoms are represented by vertices and bonds by edges. Topological indices help us to predict many physico-chemical properties of the concerned molecular compound. In this article, we compute Generalized first and multiplicative Zagreb indices, the multiplicative version of the atomic bond connectivity index, and the Generalized multiplicative Geometric Arithmetic index for silicon-carbon Si2C3−I[p,q] and Si2C3−II[p,q] second.

In this paper, we obtain a version of the Fejér–Hadamard inequality for harmonically convex functions via generalized fractional integral operator. In addition, we establish an integral identity and some Fejér–Hadamard type integral inequalities for harmonically convex functions via a generalized fractional integral operator. Being generalizations, our results reproduce some known results.

Concepts of resolving set and metric basis has enjoyed a lot of success because of multi-purpose applications both in computer and mathematical sciences. For a connected graph G(V,E) a subset W of V(G) is a resolving set for G if every two vertices of G have distinct representations with respect to W. A resolving set of minimum cardinality is called a metric basis for graph G and this minimum cardinality is known as metric dimension of G. Boron nanotubes with different lattice structures, radii and chirality’s have attracted attention due to their transport properties, electronic structure and structural stability. In the present article, we compute the metric dimension and metric basis of 2D lattices of alpha-boron nanotubes.

In this paper, we introduce F-convex contraction via admissible mapping in the sense of Wardowski [Fixed points of a new type of contractive mappings in complete metric spaces. Fixed Point Theory Appl., 94 (2012), 6 pages] which extends convex contraction mapping of type-2 of Istrǎţescu [Some fixed point theorems for convex contraction mappings and convex non-expansive mappings (I), Libertas Mathematica, 1(1981), 151–163] and establish a fixed point theorem in the setting of metric space. Our result extends and generalizes some other similar results in the literature. As an application of our main result, we establish an existence theorem for the non-linear Fredholm integral equation and give a numerical example to validate the application of our obtained result.

In the study of the quantitative structure–activity relationship and quantitative structure-property relationships, the eccentric-connectivity index has a very important place among the other topological descriptors due to its high degree of predictability for pharmaceutical properties. In this paper, we compute the exact formulas of the eccentric-connectivity index and its corresponding polynomial, the total eccentric-connectivity index and its corresponding polynomial, the first Zagreb eccentricity index, the augmented eccentric-connectivity index, and the modified eccentric-connectivity index and its corresponding polynomial for a class of phosphorus containing dendrimers.

The Kirchhoff index, global mean-first passage time, average path length and number of spanning trees are of great importance in the field of networking. The “Kirchhoff index” is known as a structure descriptor index. The “global mean-first passage time” is known as a measure for nodes that are quickly reachable from the whole network. The “average path length” is a measure of the efficiency of information or mass transport on a network, and the “number of spanning trees” is used to minimize the cost of power networks, wiring connections, etc. In this paper, we have selected a complex network based on a categorical product and have used the spectrum approach to find the Kirchhoff index, global mean-first passage time, average path length and number of spanning trees. We find the expressions for the product and sum of reciprocals of all nonzero eigenvalues of a categorical product network with the help of the eigenvalues of the path and cycles.

In this report, we compute closed forms of M-polynomial, first and second Zagreb polynomials and forgotten polynomial for Jahangir graphs Jn,m for all values of m and n. From the M-polynomial, we recover many degree-based topological indices such as first and second Zagreb indices, modified Zagreb index, Symmetric division index, etc. We also compute harmonic index, first and second multiple Zagreb indices and forgotten index of Jahangir graphs. Our results are extensions of many existing results.

The recent discovery of boron triangular nanotubes competes with carbon in many respects. The closed form of M‐polynomial of nanotubes produces closed forms of many degree‐based topological indices which are numerical parameters of the structure and, in combination, determine properties of the concerned nanotubes. In this report, we give M‐polynomials of boron triangular nanotubes and recover many important topological degree‐based indices of these nanotubes. We also plot surfaces associated with these nanotubes that show the dependence of each topological index on the parameters of the structure.

A vertex v is a peripheral vertex in G if its eccentricity is equal to its diameter, and periphery P ( G ) is a subgraph of G induced by its peripheral vertices. Further, a vertex v in G is a central vertex if e ( v ) = r a d ( G ) , and the subgraph of G induced by its central vertices is called center C ( G ) of G . Average eccentricity is the sum of eccentricities of all of the vertices in a graph divided by the total number of vertices, i.e., a v e c ( G ) = { 1 n ∑ e G ( u ) ; u ∈ V ( G ) } . If every vertex in G is central vertex, then C ( G ) = G , and hence, G is self-centered. In this report, we find the center, periphery and average eccentricity for the convex polytopes.

A topological index of graph G is a numerical parameter related to G, which characterizes its topology and is preserved under isomorphism of graphs. Properties of the chemical compounds and topological indices are correlated. In this report, we compute closed forms of first Zagreb, second Zagreb, and forgotten polynomials of generalized prism and toroidal polyhex networks. We also compute hyper-Zagreb index, first multiple Zagreb index, second multiple Zagreb index, and forgotten index of these networks. Moreover we gave graphical representation of our results, showing the technical dependence of each topological index and polynomial on the involved structural parameters.

The discovery of new nanomaterials adds new dimensions to industry, electronics, and pharmaceutical and biological therapeutics. In this article, we first find closed forms of M-polynomials of polyhex nanotubes. We also compute closed forms of various degree-based topological indices of these tubes. These indices are numerical tendencies that often depict quantitative structural activity/property/toxicity relationships and correlate certain physico-chemical properties, such as boiling point, stability, and strain energy, of respective nanomaterial. To conclude, we plot surfaces associated to M-polynomials and characterize some facts about these tubes.

Topological indices and polynomials are predicting properties like boiling points, fracture toughness, heat of formation, etc., of different materials, and thus save us from extra experimental burden. In this article we compute many topological indices for the family of circulant graphs. At first, we give a general closed form of M-polynomial of this family and recover many degree-based topological indices out of it. We also compute Zagreb indices and Zagreb polynomials of this family. Our results extend many existing results.

Titania is one of the most comprehensively studied nanostructures due to their widespread applications in the production of catalytic, gas sensing, and corrosion-resistant materials. M-polynomial of nanotubes has been vastly investigated, as it produces many degree-based topological indices, which are numerical parameters capturing structural and chemical properties. These indices are used in the development of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) in which the biological activity and other properties of molecules, such as boiling point, stability, strain energy, etc., are correlated with their structure. In this report, we provide M-polynomials of single-walled titania (SW TiO2) nanotubes and recover important topological degree-based indices to theoretically judge these nanotubes. We also plot surfaces associated to single-walled titania (SW TiO2) nanotubes.

Dendrimers are highly branched organic macromolecules with successive layers of branch units surrounding a central core. The M-polynomial of nanotubes has been vastly investigated as it produces many degree-based topological indices. These indices are invariants of the topology of graphs associated with molecular structure of nanomaterials to correlate certain physicochemical properties like boiling point, stability, strain energy, etc. of chemical compounds. In this paper, we first determine M-polynomials of some nanostar dendrimers and then recover many degree-based topological indices.