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4 results on '"Région Pays de la Loire"'

1. Multicriteria Definition of Small-Scale Biorefineries Based on a Statistical Classification

Author

Franck Michaud, Aicha Ait Sair, Kamal Kansou, Bernard Cathala, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecole Supérieure du Bois, LIMBHA, PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Région pays de la Loire, MDPI, and FLEXIBI

Subjects
Computer science, Process (engineering), 020209 energy, Geography, Planning and Development, TJ807-830, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, scale, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Added value, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, GE1-350, lignocellulosic biomass, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, trade-off, multicriteria analysis, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Scale (chemistry), biorefinery mobility, Biorefinery, Hierarchical clustering, Environmental sciences, Variable (computer science), Statistical classification, biorefinery design, Biochemical engineering
Abstract

International audience; Biorefineries have many possible designs and therefore, present varied benefits in regards to sustainable development. Evaluating these biorefineries is central for the domain, and, as smallscale biorefineries (SSB) are commonly opposed to the large ones, specifying the concept of scale of a biorefinery is essential as well. However, there is no consensual definition of the “scale”, and the meaning of the term changes with the context. This paper presents a methodology to specify the concept of scale by grouping various biorefineries processing lignocellulosic biomass according to factors related to feedstock, process, economy and mobility of the facility, without any predetermined pattern. Data from 15 operational biorefineries are analyzed using a multivariate analysis combined with a hierarchical clustering. The classification obtained categorizes biorefineries into four design classes: smallest, small, hybrid and large scale. Small-scale biorefineries are characterized by a small investment cost (less than 2 M ), a low processing capacity (less than 100 t/day) and a low process complexity, while the end-products’ added value is variable. The mobility of the plants is a sufficient, but not necessary, criterion to have a small-scale biorefinery. Finally, the designs of the investigated biorefineries can be explained by two main trade-offs: one between the mobility and the processing capacity-investment cost, and the other between the process complexity and the added value.

Published
2021

2. From 1957 to Nowadays: A Brief History of Epigenetics

Author

Eric Hervouet, Paul Peixoto, Aurélien A. Sérandour, Pierre-François Cartron, Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) (RIGHT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), EPIgenetics and GENe EXPression Technical Plateform (EPIGENExp), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Apoptosis and Tumor Progression (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 9), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Apoptose et progression tumorale (ICO, Saint-Herblain), Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest [Angers/Nantes] (UNICANCER/ICO), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Cancéropôle Grand-Ouest [Bretagne-Centre-Pays de Loire], EpiSAVMEN Network (Région Pays de la Loire) [Saint-Herblain], LabEX IGO Immunothérapie Grand Ouest, École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), DImaCell Platform, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Bernardo, Elizabeth, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Dispositif Inter-régional d'Imagerie Cellulaire [Dijon] (DImaCell), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ingénierie et biologie cellulaire et tissulaire (IBCT (ex IFR133)), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Agroécologie [Dijon], and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Epigenomics, History, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Review, History, 21st Century, Catalysis, Epigenesis, Genetic, Inorganic Chemistry, lcsh:Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Epitranscriptomics, histones, Animals, Humans, Epigenetics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, 030304 developmental biology, Cognitive science, 0303 health sciences, DNA methylation, epigenetics, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, History, 20th Century, Computer Science Applications, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Identification (biology), history, epitranscriptomics, Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Abstract

International audience; Due to the spectacular number of studies focusing on epigenetics in the last few decades, and particularly for the last few years, the availability of a chronology of epigenetics appears essential. Indeed, our review places epigenetic events and the identification of the main epigenetic writers, readers and erasers on a historic scale. This review helps to understand the increasing knowledge in molecular and cellular biology, the development of new biochemical techniques and advances in epigenetics and, more importantly, the roles played by epigenetics in many physiological and pathological situations.

Published
2020

3. Identification and Quantification of a Phytotoxic Metabolite from Alternaria dauci

Author

Luis M. Peña-Rodríguez, Martha Leyte-Lugo, Pascal Richomme, Pascal Poupard, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan (CICY), Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux (SONAS), Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Région Pays de la Loire, and SEP-CONACYT-ANUIES-ECOS-NORD (México-France) collaborative Project No. 276520.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Alternaria leaf blight, Metabolite, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmaceutical Science, Secondary Metabolism, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, phytotoxins, α-acetylorcinol, Drug Discovery, Pastinaca, 0303 health sciences, biology, Nicotiana alata, Alternaria, food and beverages, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, Daucus carota, Horticulture, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Metabolome, Molecular Medicine, acetylorcinol, Article, lcsh:QD241-441, 03 medical and health sciences, Tagetes, Alternaria dauci, lcsh:Organic chemistry, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Piperazine, 030304 developmental biology, Toxins, Biological, Organic Chemistry, fungi, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Plant Leaves, chemistry, Salicylic acid, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Alternaria dauci is the causal agent of Alternaria leaf blight (ALB) in carrot (Daucus carota) crops around the world. However, to date, A. dauci has received limited attention in its production of phytotoxic metabolites. In this investigation, the bioassay-guided isolation of the extract from liquid cultures of A. dauci resulted in the isolation of two metabolites identified as &alpha, acetylorcinol (1) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2), based on their spectroscopic data and results from chemical correlation reactions. Testing of both metabolites in different assays showed an important phytotoxic activity for p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2) when tested in the leaf-spot assay on parsley (Petroselinum crispum), in the leaf infiltration assay on tobacco (Nicotiana alata) and marigold (Tagetes erecta), and in the immersion assay on parsley and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) leaves. Quantification of the two metabolites in the crude extract of A. dauci kept at different times showed that p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2) is one of the first metabolites to be synthesized by the pathogen, suggesting that this salicylic acid derivative could play an important role in the pathogenicity of the fungus.

Published
2020

4. Finding Supported Paths in Heterogeneous Networks

Author

Hafedh Mohamed-Babou, Irena Rusu, Christian Komusiewicz, Guillaume Fertin, Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique (LINA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN), Technische Universität Berlin (TU), and PHC Procope 55934856Bourse post-doctorale Région Pays de la Loire

Subjects
Vertex (graph theory), [INFO.INFO-CC]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Complexity [cs.CC], lcsh:T55.4-60.8, Bidirectional search, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Vertex cover, NP-hard problems, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, Theoretical Computer Science, lcsh:Industrial engineering. Management engineering, protein interaction networks, shortest path problem, Mathematics, Discrete mathematics, Numerical Analysis, directed acyclic graphs, Directed graph, Directed acyclic graph, longest path problem, Longest path problem, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Shortest path problem, metabolic networks, Feedback vertex set, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, ddc:004, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract

International audience; Subnetwork mining is an essential issue in the analysis of biological, social and communication networks. Recent applications require the simultaneous mining of several networks on the same or a similar vertex set. That is, one searches for subnetworks fulfilling different properties in each input network. We study the case that the input consists of a directed graph D and an undirected graph G on the same vertex set, and the sought pattern is a path P in D whose vertex set induces a connected subgraph of G. In this context, three concrete problems arise, depending on whether the existence of P is questioned or whether the length of P is to be optimized: in that case, one can search for a longest path or (maybe less intuitively) a shortest one. These problems have immediate applications in biological networks and predictable applications in social, information and communication networks. We study the classic and parameterized complexity of the problem, thus identifying polynomial and NP-complete cases, as well as fixed-parameter tractable and W[1]-hard cases. We also propose two enumeration algorithms that we evaluate on synthetic and biological data.

Published
2015

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