10 results on '"Na-Sheng Lin"'
Search Results
2. Identification of Crucial Amino Acids in Begomovirus C4 Proteins Involved in the Modulation of the Severity of Leaf Curling Symptoms
- Author
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Kao-Wei Dai, Yu-Ting Tsai, Chia-Ying Wu, Yi-Chin Lai, Na-Sheng Lin, and Chung-Chi Hu
- Subjects
Begomovirus ,geminiviruses ,leaf curl ,symptom determinant ,C4 protein ,pathogenesis ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Begomoviruses frequently inflict upward or downward leaf curling symptoms on infected plants, leading to severe economic damages. Knowledge of the underlying mechanism controlling the leaf curling severity may facilitate the development of alternative disease management strategies. In this study, through genomic recombination between Ageratum yellow vein virus Nan-Tou strain (AYVV-NT) and Tomato leaf curl virus Tai-Chung Strain (TLCV-TC), which caused upward and downward leaf curling on Nicotiana benthamiana, respectively, it was found that the coding region of C4 protein might be involved in the determination of leaf curling directions. Sequence comparison and mutational analysis revealed that the cysteine and glycine at position 8 and 14 of AYVV-TC C4 protein, respectively, are involved in the modulation of leaf curling symptoms. Cross-protection assays further demonstrated that N. benthamiana inoculated with AYVV-carrying mutations of the aforementioned amino acids exhibited attenuated leaf curling symptoms under the challenge of wild-type AYVV-NT. Together, these findings revealed a new function of begomovirus C4 proteins involved in the modulation of leaf curling severity during symptom formation and suggested potential applications for managing viral diseases through manipulating the symptoms.
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- 2022
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- View/download PDF
3. Exploring the Multifunctional Roles of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus P126 in Facilitating Cymbidium Mosaic Virus Cell-to-Cell Movement during Mixed Infection
- Author
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Shu-Chuan Lee, Hsuan Pai, Ying-Wen Huang, Meng-Hsun He, Yun-Lin Song, Song-Yi Kuo, Wen-Chi Chang, Yau-Heiu Hsu, and Na-Sheng Lin
- Subjects
odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) ,cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) ,viral synergism ,RNA silencing ,viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) ,Phalaenopsis ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Synergistic interactions among viruses, hosts and/or transmission vectors during mixed infection can alter viral titers, symptom severity or host range. Viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) are considered one of such factors contributing to synergistic responses. Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) and cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV), which are two of the most significant orchid viruses, exhibit synergistic symptom intensification in Phalaenopsis orchids with unilaterally enhanced CymMV movement by ORSV. In order to reveal the underlying mechanisms, we generated infectious cDNA clones of ORSV and CymMV isolated from Phalaenopsis that exerted similar unilateral synergism in both Phalaenopsis orchid and Nicotiana benthamiana. Moreover, we show that the ORSV replicase P126 is a VSR. Mutagenesis analysis revealed that mutation of the methionine in the carboxyl terminus of ORSV P126 abolished ORSV replication even though some P126 mutants preserved VSR activity, indicating that the VSR function of P126 alone is not sufficient for viral replication. Thus, P126 functions in both ORSV replication and as a VSR. Furthermore, P126 expression enhanced cell-to-cell movement and viral titers of CymMV in infected Phalaenopsis flowers and N. benthamiana leaves. Taking together, both the VSR and protein function of P126 might be prerequisites for unilaterally enhancing CymMV cell-to-cell movement by ORSV.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Stable Display of Artificially Long Foreign Antigens on Chimeric Bamboo mosaic virus Particles
- Author
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Tsung-Hsien Chen, Chung-Chi Hu, Chin-Wei Lee, Yu-Min Feng, Na-Sheng Lin, and Yau-Heiu Hsu
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Bamboo mosaic virus ,longer antigens ,chimeric virus particles (CVPs) ,flexible linker ,peptide properties ,virus accumulation ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Plant viruses can be genetically modified to generate chimeric virus particles (CVPs) carrying heterologous peptides fused on the surface of coat protein (CP) subunits as vaccine candidates. However, some factors may be especially significant in determining the properties of chimeras. In this study, peptides from various sources and of various lengths were inserted into the Bamboo mosaic virus-based (BaMV) vector CP N-terminus to examine the chimeras infecting and accumulating in plants. Interestingly, it was found that the two different strains Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) VP1 antigens with flexible linker peptides (77 or 82 amino acids) were directly expressed on the BaMV CP, and the chimeric particles self-assembled and continued to express FMDV antigens. The chimeric CP, when directly fused with a large foreign protein (117 amino acids), can self-fold into incomplete virus particles or disks. The physicochemical properties of heterologus peptides N-terminus, complex strand structures of heterologus peptides C-terminus and different flexible linker peptides, can affect the chimera accumulation. Based on these findings, using plant virus-based chimeras to express foreign proteins can increase their length limitations, and engineered plant-made CVP-based vaccines have increasing potential for further development as novel vaccines.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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5. Production of Human IFNγ Protein in Nicotiana benthamiana Plant through an Enhanced Expression System Based on Bamboo mosaic Virus
- Author
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Min-Chao Jiang, Chung-Chi Hu, Na-Sheng Lin, and Yau-Heiu Hsu
- Subjects
potexvirus ,bamboo mosaic virus ,interferon gamma ,therapeutic protein ,ER retention ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Plant-based systems are safe alternatives to the current platforms for the production of biologically active therapeutic proteins. However, plant-based expression systems face certain major challenges, including the relatively low productivity and the generation of target proteins in biologically active forms. The use of plant virus-based expression systems has been shown to enhance yields, but further improvement is still required to lower the production cost. In this study, various strategies were employed to increase the yields of an important therapeutic protein, human interferon gamma (IFNγ), in Nicotiana benthamiana through modifications of expression vectors based on potexviruses. Among these, the vector based on a coat protein (CP)-deficient Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV), pKB△CHis, was shown to exhibit the highest expression level for the unmodified IFNγ. Truncation of the N-terminal signal peptide of IFN (designated mIFNγ) resulted in a nearly seven-fold increase in yield. Co-expression of a silencing suppressor protein by replacing the coding sequence of BaMV movement protein with that of P19 led to a 40% increase in mIFNγ accumulation. The fusion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal with mIFNγ significantly enhanced the accumulation ratio of biologically active dimeric mIFNγ to 87% relative to the non-active monomeric form. The construct pKB19mIFNγER, employing the combination of all the above enhancement strategies, gave the highest level of protein accumulation, up to 119 ± 0.8 μg/g fresh weight, accounting for 2.5% of total soluble protein (TSP) content. These findings advocate the application of the modified BaMV-based vector as a platform for high-level expression of therapeutic protein in N. benthamiana.
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- 2019
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6. Satellite RNAs and Satellite Viruses of Plants
- Author
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Na-Sheng Lin, Yau-Heiu Hsu, and Chung-Chi Hu
- Subjects
satellite RNA ,satellite virus ,replication ,RNA silencing ,pathogenicity ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The view that satellite RNAs (satRNAs) and satellite viruses are purely molecular parasites of their cognate helper viruses has changed. The molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic and/or antagonistic interactions among satRNAs/satellite viruses, helper viruses, and host plants are beginning to be comprehended. This review aims to summarize the recent achievements in basic and practical research, with special emphasis on the involvement of RNA silencing mechanisms in the pathogenicity, population dynamics, and, possibly, the origin(s) of these subviral agents. With further research following current trends, the comprehensive understanding of satRNAs and satellite viruses could lead to new insights into the trilateral interactions among host plants, viruses, and satellites.
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Characterization of Virus-Inducible Orchid Argonaute 5b Promoter and Its Functional Characterization in Nicotiana benthamiana during Virus Infection
- Author
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Kotapati Kasi Viswanath, Song-Yi Kuo, Ying-Wen Huang, Nai-Wen Tsao, Chung-Chi Hu, Na-Sheng Lin, Sheng-Yang Wang, and Yau-Heiu Hsu
- Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry ,Argonautes 5b ,CymMV ,ORSV ,MeJA ,NbMYB30 ,SA ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Spectroscopy ,Catalysis ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
Plant ARGONAUTES (AGOs) play a significant role in the defense against viral infection. Previously, we have demonstrated that AGO5s encoded in Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana (PaAGO5s) took an indispensable part in defense against major viruses. To understand the underlying defense mechanism, we cloned PaAGO5s promoters (pPaAGO5s) and analyzed their activity in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana using β-glucuronidase (GUS) as a reporter gene. GUS activity analyses revealed that during Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) and Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) infections, pPaAGO5b activity was significantly increased compared to pPaAGO5a and pPaAGO5c. Analysis of pPaAGO5b 5′-deletion revealed that pPaAGO5b_941 has higher activity during virus infection. Further, yeast one-hybrid analysis showed that the transcription factor NbMYB30 physically interacted with pPaAGO5b_941 to enhance its activity. Overexpression and silencing of NbMYB30 resulted in up- and downregulation of GUS expression, respectively. Exogenous application and endogenous measurement of phytohormones have shown that methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid respond to viral infections. NbMYB30 overexpression and its closest related protein, PaMYB30, in P. aphrodite subsp. formosana reduced CymMV accumulation in P. aphrodite subsp. formosana. Based on these discoveries, this study uncovers the interaction between virus-responsive promoter and the corresponding transcription factor in plants.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Exploring the Multifunctional Roles of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus P126 in Facilitating Cymbidium Mosaic Virus Cell-to-Cell Movement during Mixed Infection
- Author
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Yau-Heiu Hsu, Meng-Hsun He, Hsuan Pai, Shu-Chuan Lee, Wen Chi Chang, Na-Sheng Lin, Ying-Wen Huang, Song-Yi Kuo, and Yun-Lin Song
- Subjects
Phalaenopsis ,Cymbidium mosaic virus ,viruses ,Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique) ,Nicotiana benthamiana ,RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ,Virus Replication ,Microbiology ,Article ,odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) ,viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) ,Plant Cells ,Virology ,Tobacco ,Orchidaceae ,biology ,Coinfection ,Odontoglossum ringspot virus ,Tobamovirus ,cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) ,Drug Synergism ,biology.organism_classification ,QR1-502 ,Potexvirus ,RNA silencing ,Infectious Diseases ,Viral replication ,viral synergism ,Microbial Interactions ,RNA, Viral ,Capsid Proteins ,RNA Interference - Abstract
Synergistic interactions among viruses, hosts and/or transmission vectors during mixed infection can alter viral titers, symptom severity or host range. Viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) are considered one of such factors contributing to synergistic responses. Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) and cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV), which are two of the most significant orchid viruses, exhibit synergistic symptom intensification in Phalaenopsis orchids with unilaterally enhanced CymMV movement by ORSV. In order to reveal the underlying mechanisms, we generated infectious cDNA clones of ORSV and CymMV isolated from Phalaenopsis that exerted similar unilateral synergism in both Phalaenopsis orchid and Nicotiana benthamiana. Moreover, we show that the ORSV replicase P126 is a VSR. Mutagenesis analysis revealed that mutation of the methionine in the carboxyl terminus of ORSV P126 abolished ORSV replication even though some P126 mutants preserved VSR activity, indicating that the VSR function of P126 alone is not sufficient for viral replication. Thus, P126 functions in both ORSV replication and as a VSR. Furthermore, P126 expression enhanced cell-to-cell movement and viral titers of CymMV in infected Phalaenopsis flowers and N. benthamiana leaves. Taking together, both the VSR and protein function of P126 might be prerequisites for unilaterally enhancing CymMV cell-to-cell movement by ORSV.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Effects of Abscisic Acid and Salicylic Acid on Gene Expression in the Antiviral RNA Silencing Pathway in Arabidopsis
- Author
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Na-Sheng Lin, Kook-Hyung Kim, and Mazen Alazem
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,salicylic acid ,Arabidopsis ,Bamboo mosaic virus ,bamboo mosaic virus ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,crosstalk ,Inorganic Chemistry ,abscisic acid ,lcsh:Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Plant Growth Regulators ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Gene expression ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Transcription factor ,Abscisic acid ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Spectroscopy ,Plant Diseases ,Plant Proteins ,RNA silencing pathway ,biology ,Communication ,organic chemicals ,Organic Chemistry ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Promoter ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Computer Science Applications ,Cell biology ,Potexvirus ,RNA silencing ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,RNA, Viral ,RNA Interference ,Transcription Factors ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The RNA silencing pathways modulate responses to certain stresses, and can be partially tuned by several hormones such as salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Although SA and ABA are often antagonistic and often modulate different stress responses, they have similar effects on virus resistance, which are partially achieved through the antiviral RNA silencing pathway. Whether they play similar roles in regulating the RNA silencing pathway is unclear. By employing coexpression and promoter analyses, we found that some ABA- and SA-related transcription factors (TFs) are coexpressed with several AGO, DCL, and RDR genes, and have multiple binding sites for the identified TFs in the queried promoters. ABA and SA are antagonistic with respect to the expression of AGO1 and RDRs because ABA was able to induce these genes only in the SA mutant. Nevertheless, both hormones showed similarities in the regulation of other genes, for example, the induction of AGO2 by ABA was SA-dependent, indicating that ABA acts upstream of SA in this regulation. We inferred that the similar effects of ABA and SA on some genes resulted in the redundancy of their roles in resistance to bamboo mosaic virus, but that the two hormones are antagonistic with respect to other genes unrelated to their biosynthesis pathways.
- Published
- 2019
10. Satellite RNAs and Satellite Viruses of Plants
- Author
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Chung-Chi Hu, Na-Sheng Lin, and Yau-Heiu Hsu
- Subjects
Genetics ,replication ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,viruses ,Turnip crinkle virus ,Population ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,RNA ,Review ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Satellite virus ,RNA silencing ,Infectious Diseases ,Viral replication ,satellite RNA ,Helper virus ,Plant virus ,pathogenicity ,education ,satellite virus - Abstract
The view that satellite RNAs (satRNAs) and satellite viruses are purely molecular parasites of their cognate helper viruses has changed. The molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic and/or antagonistic interactions among satRNAs/satellite viruses, helper viruses, and host plants are beginning to be comprehended. This review aims to summarize the recent achievements in basic and practical research, with special emphasis on the involvement of RNA silencing mechanisms in the pathogenicity, population dynamics, and, possibly, the origin(s) of these subviral agents. With further research following current trends, the comprehensive understanding of satRNAs and satellite viruses could lead to new insights into the trilateral interactions among host plants, viruses, and satellites.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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