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In the healthcare field, the effective implementation of clinical protocols is crucial to ensuring patient safety and well-being. In this context, this study evaluates nurses' adherence to the maintenance and replacement protocol of peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) in a university hospital in Spain, examining the impact of compliance with the protocol on the loss of PVCs and on patient safety in addition to analyzing the related costs. A retrospective observational study was conducted with 590 patients who were admitted in 2018 and 2019. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate, was used to see the association between the study variables; with the dependent variable being the loss of PVCs (including, as a dependent variable, the loss of PVCs before 48 h). The patients' electronic and physical medical records were reviewed to analyze nursing interventions related to the management of PVCs. A total of 24% of patients experienced PVC loss within the first 24 h after insertion. Failure to comply with the protocol resulted in 80% more catheter loss and increased the cost of cannulation by 46.84%. Low compliance with PVC care protocols significantly increases the risk of catheter loss, suggesting the need for increased training and strict protocol implementation. The findings emphasize the critical role of nursing in ensuring patient safety through adherence to evidence-based protocols. Continuing education and diligent protocol implementation are essential to reducing healthcare costs and improving patient outcomes.

Background: Developing a care plan for patients is not specific to nursing or midwifery; it is the case in every situation where patients seek help from care providers. Midwifery students draw upon NANDA-I diagnoses while developing care plans (CPs) in clinical practices, and plan and apply their care accordingly. This study aims to identify the views of midwifery students on the NANDA-I diagnoses and CPs that they use in clinical practice., Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 222 students between September and December 2022. The research data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire based on NANDA-I diagnoses and CPs. In line with the existing literature, the questionnaire was designed by two academicians who specialized in nursing fundamentals and midwifery. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended (8 questions) and open-ended (7 questions) questions. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square test., Results: Of 222 students, 57.7% stated that they did not know the definition of a CP. It was found that 46.8% of the students felt inadequate at developing CPs. Furthermore, the students stated that they found the CP training provided during their undergraduate study partially sufficient, with a rate of 52.7%, and 16.7% of midwifery students offered suggestions about CP teaching. The number of midwifery-related diagnoses of which the students were aware was 19., Conclusions: The study was beneficial in terms of identifying the deficiencies of the students related to NANDA-I diagnoses and developing CPs that might be overcome through education and observing the midwifery-related diagnoses that they used. It is of critical importance to educate midwifery students about midwifery-related NANDA-I diagnoses in order that they embrace midwifery diagnoses and CP learning.