Search

Your search keyword '"Kamara A"' showing total 161 results
Start Over Author "Kamara A" Publisher mdpi ag
161 results on '"Kamara A"'

1. Unraveling Genetic Variation and Inheritance Patterns in Newly Developed Maize Hybrids for Improving Late Wilt Disease Resistance and Agronomic Performance Under Artificial Inoculation Conditions

Author

Nasr A. Ghazy, Mayasar I. Al-Zaban, Fatmah Ahmed Safhi, Maha Aljabri, Doaa A. Kafsheer, Imen Ben Abdelmalek, Mohamed M. Kamara, Elsayed Mansour, and Salem Hamden

Subjects
disease resistance, agronomic traits, maize breeding, line×tester analysis, hybrid classification, genetic parameter estimates, Science
Abstract

Late wilt disease caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthiopsis maydis represents a major threat to maize cultivation in the Mediterranean region. Developing resistant hybrids and high-yielding offers a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solution to mitigate yield losses. Therefore, this study evaluated genetic variation, combining abilities, and inheritance patterns in newly developed twenty-seven maize hybrids for grain yield and resistance to late wilt disease under artificial inoculation across two growing seasons. The results indicated highly significant variations among assessed hybrids for all measured traits. Combining ability analysis identified IL-306, IL-304, and IL-303 as excellent combiners for grain yield and late wilt resistance, positioning them as superior candidates for hybrid development. Additionally, IL-302 was identified as a strong general combiner for earliness, and IL-307 and IL-309 demonstrated potential for producing short-statured hybrids critical for improving lodging tolerance and maximizing yield. Specific combining ability effects indicated promising earliness, yield, and disease-resistance hybrids, including IL-303×T2 and IL-306×T1. GGE biplots presented optimal line×tester combinations, offering strategic guidance for hybrid development. The principal component analysis demonstrated strong associations between grain yield, late wilt resistance, and key agronomic traits, such as ear length and kernel number. The observed robust positive association between grain yield, late wilt resistance, and yield attributes suggests selection potential for improving maize productivity. Moreover, the genotypic correlations revealed that earlier silking, taller plants, and higher kernel counts were strongly linked to enhanced yield potential. Genetic parameter estimates indicated a predominance of non-additive genetic effects for most traits, with moderate to high broad-sense heritability suggesting substantial genetic contributions to phenotypic variance. This research provides valuable insights to support the development of disease-resistant and high-yielding maize hybrids addressing critical food security challenges.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Axl and EGFR Dual-Specific Binding Affibody for Targeted Therapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Author

Saidu Kamara, He Wen, Yanru Guo, Ying Liu, Lei Liu, Wangqi Du, Jun Chen, Shanli Zhu, and Lifang Zhang

Subjects
affibody molecules, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Axl, EGFR, targeted therapy, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a tumor of the head and neck, with a higher incidence in southern China and Southeast Asia. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the main treatments; however, metastasis and recurrence remain the main causes of treatment failure. Further, the majority of patients are diagnosed in the late stage due to lack of tumor-specific biomarker for early diagnosis. Therefore, an effective treatment and early detection can improve the outcome of patient with NPC. Axl and EGFR are co-expressed in NPC tissues and play key roles in tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion, which are often correlated with poor prognosis and therapy resistance. In this study, we generated a novel bispecific affibody (Z239-1907) for the dual targeting and inhibition of Axl and EGFR expression in NPC-positive cells both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that Z239-1907 had more pronounced antitumor effects than either modality alone (ZAXL239 or ZEGFR1907) in NPC-positive cells. Further, mice bearing NPC-positive tumors showed significant inhibition in tumor growth after treatment with Z239-1907 compared to ZAXL239 and ZEGFR1907. The in vivo tumor targeting ability and imaging also showed that Z239-1907 specifically and selectively targeted NPC xenograft mice models and accumulate at tumor site as early as 30 min and disappeared within 24 h post-injection. Collectively, these results suggest that Z239-1907 dual-target affibody is a promising therapeutic agent and a molecular imaging probe for early diagnosis in NPC.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. A Serological Multiplexed Immunoassay (MIA) Detects Antibody Reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viral Pathogens in Liberia and Is Configurable as a Multiplexed Inhibition Test (MINT)

Author

Haun, Brien K., primary, To, Albert, additional, Williams, Caitlin A., additional, Ball, Aquena, additional, Fong, Karalyn, additional, Wong, Teri Ann S., additional, Shobayo, Bode, additional, Teahton, Julius, additional, Ching, Lauren, additional, Kamara, Varney, additional, Tekah, Davidetta M., additional, Humphrey, Peter, additional, Berestecky, John, additional, Nerurkar, Vivek R., additional, and Lehrer, Axel T., additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Have Hand Hygiene Practices in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals, Freetown, Sierra Leone, Improved in 2023 following Operational Research in 2021?

Author

Moiwo, Matilda Mattu, primary, Kamara, Gladys Nanilla, additional, Kamara, Dauda, additional, Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, additional, Sevalie, Stephen, additional, Koroma, Zikan, additional, Kamara, Kadijatu Nabie, additional, Kamara, Matilda N., additional, Kamara, Rugiatu Z., additional, Kpagoi, Satta Sylvia Theresa Kumba, additional, Konteh, Samuel Alie, additional, Margao, Senesie, additional, Fofanah, Bobson Derrick, additional, Thomas, Fawzi, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Tweya, Hannock M., additional, Shewade, Hemant Deepak, additional, and Harries, Anthony David, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Improvement in the Surveillance System for Livestock Diseases and Antimicrobial Use Following Operational Research Studies in Sierra Leone January–March 2023

Author

Konteh, Samuel Alie, primary, Bangura (Turay), Fatmata Isatu, additional, Leno, Amara, additional, Satyanarayana, Srinath, additional, Nair, Divya, additional, Bah, Mohamed Alpha, additional, Saidu, Salam, additional, Sellu-Sallu, David, additional, Gborie, Sahr Raymond, additional, Kamara, Sorie Mohamed, additional, Jalloh, Amadu Tejan, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Kamara, Kadijatu Nabie, additional, Moiwo, Matilda Mattu, additional, Dsani, Esther, additional, and Nantima, Noelina, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Assessing Changes in Surgical Site Infections and Antibiotic Use among Caesarean Section and Herniorrhaphy Patients at a Regional Hospital in Sierra Leone Following Operational Research in 2021

Author

Kpagoi, Satta Sylvia Theresa Kumba, primary, Kamara, Kadijatu Nabie, additional, Carshon-Marsh, Ronald, additional, Delamou, Alexandre, additional, Manzi, Marcel, additional, Kamara, Rugiatu Z., additional, Moiwo, Matilda Mattu, additional, Kamara, Matilda, additional, Koroma, Zikan, additional, Lakoh, Sulaiman, additional, Fofanah, Bobson Derrick, additional, Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, additional, Kanu, Alex Bumble John, additional, Kenneh, Sartie, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Margao, Senesie, additional, and Kamau, Edward Mberu, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Evaluation of Alkaline Hydrolyzable Organic Nitrogen as an Index of Nitrogen Mineralization Potential of Some Coastal Savannah Soils of Ghana

Author

Daniel E. Dodor, Mohamed S. Kamara, Abena Asamoah-Bediako, Samuel G. K. Adiku, Dilys S. MacCarthy, Samuel K. Kumahor, and Dora Neina

Subjects
nitrogen availability index, chemical index of N availability, alkaline hydrolyzable N, potentially hydrolyzable N, hydrolysis of organic N, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Numerous biological and chemical methods have been proposed over the years for estimating the nitrogen (N) mineralization capacity of soils; however, none of them has found general use in soil fertility testing. The efficacy of a recently proposed alkaline hydrolysis method for assessing N availability in soils compared with the standard long-term incubation technique for determining potentially available N was evaluated. The nitrogen mineralization of 12 surface soils incubated under aerobic conditions at 25 °C for 26 weeks was determined. Field-moist soils were direct-steam distilled with 1 M KOH or 1 M NaOH; the NH3 released was trapped in boric acid, and its concentration was determined successively every 5 min for 40 min. The cumulative N mineralized or hydrolyzed was fitted to the first-order exponential equation to determine the potentially mineralizable N (No) and an analogous “potentially hydrolyzable N (Nmax)” for the soils. The flush of CO2 (fCO2) following the rewetting and incubation of air-dried soils under aerobic conditions for 3 days was also determined. The results showed that the Nmax values differed considerably among the soils, indicating differences in the chemical nature and reactivity of the organic N content of the soils, and were significantly correlated with No and fCO2 values. The estimated Nmax and No values ranged from 105 to 371 mg N kg−1 and 121 to 292 mg kg−1, respectively. Based on the simple and inexpensive nature of the alkaline hydrolysis procedure, the reduction in the incubation time required to obtain No (months to minutes), and the strong association between Nmax and No, we concluded that Nmax is a good predictor of the biologically discrete and quantifiable labile pool of mineralizable soil organic N (ON), and the use of the alkaline hydrolyzable ON as a predictor of No merits consideration for routine use in soil testing laboratories for estimating the N-supplying capacity of soils.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Simulation of Biogas Conversion Using Porous Solid Oxide Electrochemical Cells: Virtual Prototyping

Author

Konakpo Parfait Kamara, Gérard Merlin, Gaoussou Bamba, Florence Druart, and Jonathan Deseure

Subjects
biogas conversion, dry methane reforming, steam methane reforming, syngas production, solid oxide electrochemical cell, multiphysics modeling, General Medicine
Abstract

The computer-aided engineering approach has made it possible to achieve virtual prototypes and to describe expected performances of new apparatuses. In this study, a direct production of syngas with biogas using the configuration of the cascade conversion cell in the supply feed direction of the system was exhibited. Momentum, heat, mass and charge balances were solved using COMSOL Multiphysics® commercial software. These simulations allowed calculation of distributions of partial pressures for all gas species within the anode (CH4, H2, CO, CO2, H2O, N2), as well as velocity field and temperature. The conversion process included methane reforming (steam and dry) associated with the water–gas shift reaction. The computing results showed that the configuration of three porous oxide solid cells based on a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system conferred a larger active surface area and limited thermal stress in oxide materials. In addition, depending on the production process of the biogas, feeding composition strongly influences the conversion rate of CO2 and CH4. We observed that production of syngas was optimal for a CO2/CH4 ratio = 1.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. The Effect of Previous Exposure to Malaria Infection and Clinical Malaria Episodes on the Immune Response to the Two-Dose Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola Vaccine Regimen

Author

Manno, Daniela, primary, Patterson, Catriona, additional, Drammeh, Abdoulie, additional, Tetteh, Kevin, additional, Kroma, Mattu Tehtor, additional, Otieno, Godfrey Tuda, additional, Lawal, Bolarinde Joseph, additional, Soremekun, Seyi, additional, Ayieko, Philip, additional, Gaddah, Auguste, additional, Kamara, Abu Bakarr, additional, Baiden, Frank, additional, Afolabi, Muhammed Olanrewaju, additional, Tindanbil, Daniel, additional, Owusu-Kyei, Kwabena, additional, Ishola, David, additional, Deen, Gibrilla Fadlu, additional, Keshinro, Babajide, additional, Njie, Yusupha, additional, Samai, Mohamed, additional, Lowe, Brett, additional, Robinson, Cynthia, additional, Leigh, Bailah, additional, Drakeley, Chris, additional, Greenwood, Brian, additional, and Watson-Jones, Deborah, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Land Use Change and Structural Diversity of Affem Boussou Community Forest in Tchamba 1 Commune (Tchamba Prefecture, Togo)

Author

Fousseni Folega, Badjare Bilouktime, Tchabi Mustapha, Mouctar Kamara, Atakpama Wouyo, Issifou Aboudoumisamilou, Djiwa Oyetunde, Wala Kperkouma, Batawila Komlan, and Akpagana Koffi

Abstract

Affem Boussou community forest (AFC) abounds in important biological resources. This study, which contributes to its better management, examines the spatiotemporal dynamics of the vegetation and its ecological and structural characteristics to propose a zoning plan for the said forest. The analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use in the AFC from Google Earth images of 2015, 2018, and 2021 revealed a regressive trend of formations: crops and fallows (-33.98%), dense dry forests (-7.92%), gallery forests (-3.46%), plantations (-100%), grassy savannahs and meadows (-18.84%) except for tree/shrub savannahs (484.23%). The floristic inventory identified 163 species divided into 129 genera and 55 families. Fabaceae (14.02%), and Combretaceae (10.55%) are the most represented families. Anogeissus leiocarpa (5.19%) and Vitellaria paradoxa (4.72%) are the most frequent species. We note the dominance of individuals of small diameters. The regeneration potential of the AFC is 64 feet/ha due to 21 feet/ha of suckers, 29 feet/ha of seedlings, and 14 feet/ha of shoots. As a zoning plan, the AFC was subdivided into four series: the agroforestry zone (18.80%), the sustainable production forest zone (42.22%), the buffer zone (11%), and the biological conservation zone (28%). These results constitute a scientific basis for testing ecological indicators of sustainable management of community forests in Togo.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Seed Dressing Maize with Imazapyr to Control Striga hermonthica in Farmers’ Fields in the Savannas of Nigeria

Author

Alpha Yaya Kamara, Abebe Menkir, David Chikoye, Reuben Solomon, Abdullahi Ibrahim Tofa, and Lucky O. Omoigui

Subjects
maize, striga hermonthica, imazapyr seed coating, striga damage, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

Use of small doses of imazapyr and pyrithiobac for seed coatings of imazapyr-resistant maize hybrids (IR-Maize) offers an effective means to control Striga hermonthica. Field trials were conducted in Bauchi and Kano States of Nigeria in 2014 and 2015 under heavy Striga infestation to evaluate the potential effectiveness of herbicide coated hybrids maize on Striga control in farmers’ field. Results showed that herbicide coated seeds reduced number of emerged Striga per m2 and Striga damage symptoms in farmers’ fields in all the locations. In Kano the number of emerged Striga was 4.9 to 7.9 times less in herbicide treated hybrids in comparison with those of the same hybrids planted without herbicide treatment. The Striga-resistant open pollinated variety (OPV) (TZL COMP1 SYN) had 6.7 to 8.0 times more Striga than the treated hybrids. In Bauchi, the number of emerged Striga on the untreated IR-maize hybrids were over four-times higher on the treated IR-maize hybrids than on the untreated hybrids. The Striga-resistant OPV check had four-times more Striga than the treated IR-maize hybrids and twice more than the untreated IR-maize hybrids across the two years. However, the effects of herbicide seed coating on grain yields were not consistent because of strong seasonal effects. The result revealed that coating of imazapyr-resistant hybrid maize seeds with imazapyr was effective in reducing Striga infestation in farmers’ fields. Although herbicide seed coating did not give consistent yield advantages of the hybrids over the untreated checks, a combination of herbicide seed treatment and genetic resistance to Striga would serve as an effective integrated approach that could significantly reduce the parasite seed bank from the soil and prevent production of new seeds. The IR-hybrids and the OPV checks contained Striga resistance/tolerant genes that protected them against drastic yield loss in the Striga infested fields in both Bauchi and Kano.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Evaluation of Drinking Water Quality and Bacterial Antibiotic Sensitivity in Wells and Standpipes at Household Water Points in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Author

Kamara, Dauda, primary, Bah, Doris, additional, Sesay, Momodu, additional, Maruta, Anna, additional, Sesay, Bockarie Pompey, additional, Fofanah, Bobson Derrick, additional, Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Lakoh, Sulaiman, additional, Molleh, Bailah, additional, Guth, Jamie, additional, Sagili, Karuna D., additional, Tavernor, Simon, additional, and Wilkinson, Ewan, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Achieving Minimum Standards for Infection Prevention and Control in Sierra Leone: Urgent Need for a Quantum Leap in Progress in the COVID-19 Era!

Author

Fofanah, Bobson Derrick, primary, Abrahamyan, Arpine, additional, Maruta, Anna, additional, Kallon, Christiana, additional, Thekkur, Pruthu, additional, Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, additional, Njuguna, Charles Kuria, additional, Squire, James Sylvester, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Bah, Abdulai Jawo, additional, Lakoh, Sulaiman, additional, Kamara, Dauda, additional, Hermans, Veerle, additional, and Zachariah, Rony, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. How Well Are Hand Hygiene Practices and Promotion Implemented in Sierra Leone? A Cross-Sectional Study in 13 Public Hospitals

Author

Lakoh, Sulaiman, primary, Maruta, Anna, additional, Kallon, Christiana, additional, Deen, Gibrilla F., additional, Russell, James B. W., additional, Fofanah, Bobson Derrick, additional, Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Kamara, Dauda, additional, Molleh, Bailah, additional, Adekanmbi, Olukemi, additional, Tavernor, Simon, additional, Guth, Jamie, additional, Sagili, Karuna D., additional, and Wilkinson, Ewan, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Hand Hygiene Compliance at Two Tertiary Hospitals in Freetown, Sierra Leone, in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Kamara, Gladys Nanilla, primary, Sevalie, Stephen, additional, Molleh, Bailah, additional, Koroma, Zikan, additional, Kallon, Christiana, additional, Maruta, Anna, additional, Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Campbell, Julian S. O., additional, Shewade, Hemant Deepak, additional, van Henten, Saskia, additional, and Harries, Anthony D., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Development and Validation of a Sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Measurement of Gardneramine in Rat Plasma and Tissues and Its Application to Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution Study

Author

Nan Zhao, Hao-ran Tan, Qi-li Chen, Qi Sun, Lin Wang, Yang Song, Kamara Mohamed Olounfeh, and Fan-hao Meng

Subjects
gardneramine, monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, lc-ms/ms, pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

As a novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, gardneramine has been confirmed to possess excellent nervous depressive effects. However, there have been no reports about the measurement of gardneramine in vitro and in vivo. The motivation of this study was to establish and validate a specific, sensitive, and robust analytical method based on UHPLC-MS/MS for quantification of gardneramine in rat plasma and various tissues after intravenous administration. The analyte was extracted from plasma and tissue samples by protein precipitation with methanol using theophylline as an internal standard (I.S.). The analytes were separated on an Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 column using a gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Gardneramine and I.S. were detected and quantified using positive electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with transitions of m/z 413.1→217.9 for gardneramine and m/z 181.2→124.1 for I.S. Perfect linearity range was 1−2000 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient (r2) of ≥0.990. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1.0 ng/mL was adequate for application to different preclinical studies. The method was successfully applied for determination of gardneramine in bio-samples.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Climate Resilience and Adaptation in West African Oyster Fisheries: An Expert-Based Assessment of the Vulnerability of the Oyster Crassostrea tulipa to Climate Change

Author

Mahu, Edem, primary, Sanko, Salieu, additional, Kamara, Allieubakarr, additional, Chuku, Ernest Obeng, additional, Effah, Elizabeth, additional, Sohou, Zacharie, additional, Zounon, Yaovi, additional, Akinjogunla, Victoria, additional, Akinnigbagbe, Ruth Oluwatoyin, additional, Diadhiou, Hamet Diaw, additional, and Marchant, Robert, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Coordination and Management of COVID-19 in Africa through Health Operations and Technical Expertise Pillar: A Case Study from WHO AFRO One Year into Response

Author

Ngoy, Nsenga, primary, Conteh, Ishata Nannie, additional, Oyugi, Boniface, additional, Abok, Patrick, additional, Kobie, Aminata, additional, Phori, Peter, additional, Hamba, Cephas, additional, Ejiofor, Nonso Ephraim, additional, Fitzwanga, Kaizer, additional, Appiah, John, additional, Edwin, Ama, additional, Fawole, Temidayo, additional, Kamara, Rashidatu, additional, Cihambanya, Landry Kabego, additional, Mzozo, Tasiana, additional, Ryan, Caroline, additional, Braka, Fiona, additional, Yoti, Zabulon, additional, Kasolo, Francis, additional, Okeibunor, Joseph C., additional, and Gueye, Abdou Salam, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. The Economic Nexus between Energy, Water Consumption, and Food Production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Author

Yosef Alamri, Khalid Alrwis, Adel Ghanem, Sahar Kamara, Sharafeldin Alaagib, and Nageeb Aldawdahi

Subjects
water, energy, plant and animal food, simple and partial correlation, Saudi agriculture, Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous), Development
Abstract

The goal of this study was to look at the economic relationship between energy, water use, and plant and animal food production in Saudi Arabia from 1995 to 2020. The results showed that about 55.5%, 82.4%, and 2.5% of changes in the index of plant and animal food production were related to changes in the consumption of water, electricity, and diesel, respectively, using an econometric analysis and the partial correlation coefficient of the second order. The proposed model demonstrated that a 10% change in predicted water, power, or fuel consumption resulted in a 1.97%, 2.78%, and 0.73% change in the index of plant and animal food production, respectively. In light of the Green Middle East Initiative, which intended to minimize carbon emissions, and Saudi agriculture’s goal of rationalizing water use, the country’s total consumption does not exceed 8 billion m3 of renewable groundwater. This is intended to reduce the use of fuel and increase the use of electricity in the agricultural sector. This rationalizing water consumption, reducing diesel consumption, and expanding electricity consumption affects the production of plant and animal food. In light of the strong interdependence between water, energy, and food production, the agricultural policy has become necessary to increase the amount supplied or available for water to be used in food production, in addition to expanding the production of clean energy and its use in the agricultural sector.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. An Intra-COVID-19 Assessment of Hand Hygiene Facility, Policy and Staff Compliance in Two Hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is There a Difference between Regional and Capital City Hospitals?

Author

Lakoh, Sulaiman, primary, Firima, Emmanuel, additional, Williams, Christine Ellen Elleanor, additional, Conteh, Sarah K., additional, Jalloh, Mohamed Boie, additional, Sheku, Mohamed Gbeshay, additional, Adekanmbi, Olukemi, additional, Sevalie, Stephen, additional, Kamara, Sylvia Adama, additional, Kamara, Mohamed Akmed Salim, additional, Barrie, Umu, additional, Kamara, Gladys Nanilla, additional, Yi, Le, additional, Guo, Xuejun, additional, Haffner, Chukwuemeka, additional, Kamara, Matilda N., additional, Jiba, Darlinda F., additional, Namanaga, Enanga Sonia, additional, Maruta, Anna, additional, Kallon, Christiana, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Deen, Gibrilla F., additional, Samai, Mohamed, additional, Okeibunor, Joseph Chukwudi, additional, and Russell, James B. W., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Assessment of Infection Prevention and Control Measures at Points of Entry in Sierra Leone in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Kamara, Kadijatu Nabie, primary, Squire, James Sylvester, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Carshon-Marsh, Ronald, additional, Koroma, Zikan, additional, Koroma, Aminata Tigiedankay, additional, Maruta, Anna, additional, Kallon, Christiana, additional, Manzi, Marcel, additional, Camara, Bienvenu Salim, additional, Sargsyan, Aelita, additional, Delamou, Alexandre, additional, Guth, Jamie Ann, additional, Reid, Anthony, additional, Khogali, Mohamed Ahmed, additional, and Vandi, Mohamed Alex, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Bacterial Isolates and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Poultry Excreta Used for Vegetable Farming in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Author

Mansaray, Alie H. D., primary, Yankson, Dennis P. Y., additional, Johnson, Raymonda A. B., additional, Moses, Francis L., additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, additional, Zachariah, Rony, additional, Kumar, Ajay M. V., additional, and Selvaraj, Kalaiselvi, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Malaria and Helminthic Co-Infection during Pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Tadesse Boltena, Minyahil, primary, El-Khatib, Ziad, additional, Kebede, Abraham Sahilemichael, additional, Asamoah, Benedict Oppong, additional, Yaw, Appiah Seth Christopher, additional, Kamara, Kassim, additional, Constant Assogba, Phénix, additional, Tadesse Boltena, Andualem, additional, Adane, Hawult Taye, additional, Hailemeskel, Elifaged, additional, and Biru, Mulatu, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. An Update on the Surveillance of Livestock Diseases and Antimicrobial Use in Sierra Leone in 2021—An Operational Research Study

Author

Bangura (Turay), Fatmata Isatu, primary, Leno, Amara, additional, Hann, Katrina, additional, Timire, Collins, additional, Nair, Divya, additional, Bah, Mohamed Alpha, additional, Gborie, Sahr Raymond, additional, Satyanarayana, Srinath, additional, Edwards, Jeffrey Karl, additional, Davtyan, Hayk, additional, Kamara, Sorie Mohamed, additional, Jalloh, Amadu Tejan, additional, Sellu-Sallu, David, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Johnson, Raymonda, additional, and Nantima, Noelina, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Genetic Potential and Inheritance Patterns of Physiological, Agronomic and Quality Traits in Bread Wheat under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions

Author

Kamara, Mohamed, primary, Rehan, Medhat, additional, Mohamed, Amany, additional, El Mantawy, Rania, additional, Kheir, Ahmed, additional, Abd El-Moneim, Diaa, additional, Safhi, Fatmah, additional, ALshamrani, Salha, additional, Hafez, Emad, additional, Behiry, Said, additional, Ali, Mohamed, additional, and Mansour, Elsayed, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Incidence of Surgical Site Infection and Use of Antibiotics among Patients Who Underwent Caesarean Section and Herniorrhaphy at a Regional Referral Hospital, Sierra Leone

Author

Carshon-Marsh, Ronald, primary, Squire, James Sylvester, additional, Kamara, Kadijatu Nabbie, additional, Sargsyan, Aelita, additional, Delamou, Alexandre, additional, Camara, Bienvenu Salim, additional, Manzi, Marcel, additional, Guth, Jamie Ann, additional, Khogali, Mohamed Ahmed, additional, Reid, Anthony, additional, and Kenneh, Sartie, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Antibiotic Use in Suspected and Confirmed COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Health Facilities in Sierra Leone in 2020–2021: Practice Does Not Follow Policy

Author

Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn, primary, Kumar, Ajay M. V., additional, Maruta, Anna, additional, Fofanah, Bobson Derrick, additional, Njuguna, Charles Kuria, additional, Shongwe, Steven, additional, Moses, Francis, additional, Tengbe, Sia Morenike, additional, Kanu, Joseph Sam, additional, Lakoh, Sulaiman, additional, Mansaray, Alie H. D., additional, Selvaraj, Kalaiselvi, additional, Khogali, Mohammed, additional, and Zachariah, Rony, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Environmental and Economic Impacts of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam in Africa

Author

Ahmed Kamara, Mohamed Ahmed, and Arturo Benavides

Subjects
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, environmental impact, economic losses, Egypt, Geography, Planning and Development, Hydraulic engineering, Aquatic Science, TC1-978, Biochemistry, TD201-500, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

A multidisciplinary study was conducted to investigate the environmental and economic impact of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). Focusing on Egypt, we estimate projected losses in Egypt’s annual water allocation from the Blue Nile under the 3, 7, and 10-year GERD reservoir filling scenarios, which are part of an array of scenarios currently under consideration. We then examine the resultant losses in Egypt’s agricultural land and the corresponding impact on selected macroeconomic variables relative to a baseline (no GERD) scenario. For the 3-year filling period, in particular, we estimate projected losses in Egypt’s annual water allocation to be 51.29 ± 2.62%. This translates into annual losses of agricultural land of 52.75 ± 2.44% relative to the baseline, with a resultant decline in food production of 38.47 ± 2.18% and an overall decline in agricultural sector output by 17.51 ± 0.99%. This contributes to a rise in the national unemployment rate of 11.24 ± 1.77 percentage points above the baseline. Moreover, we estimate projected annual losses in real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita to be 8.02 ± 0.45% relative to the baseline, which translates into an annual loss in real GDP of $26.30 ± 2.81 billion and a loss in welfare of 12.83 ± 0.73% annually, relative to the baseline.

Published
2022

45. Fertilizer Deep Placement Significantly Affected Yield, Rice Quality, 2-AP Biosynthesis and Physiological Characteristics of the Fragrant Rice Cultivars

Author

Pouwedeou Mouloumdema Potcho, Muhammad Imran, Tchalla Korohou, Nabieu Kamara, and Xiangru Tang

Subjects
2AP biosynthesis, climate change, fertilizers, fragrant rice, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

The management of fertilizers in a context of climate change and the preservation of the environment is strongly related to the regulation and accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in fragrant rice. However, the feasibility of such management strategies in terms of enhancing the accumulation of 2AP has not yet been explored in aromatic cultivars. Here, we investigated the impact of the application of two fertilizers at three depth (surface, 5 cm and 10 cm) levels of placements to improve the aromatic rice quality, including such aspects as the 2AP content-, protein-, amylose- and yield-related traits. For this purpose, two known rice cultivars, Basmati 385 (B-385) and Yunjingyou (YJY), were grown in pots during 2019 and 2020 under fluctuating climates. The deep application of fertilizer at 10 cm significantly affected the 2AP content with such values as 127.53 μg kg−1 and 111.91 μg kg−1 obtained for Fragrant Fertilizer (FF) and Urea in B-385 cultivar, and 126.5 μg kg−1 and 114.24 μg kg−1 being observed for FF and Urea in YJY, respectively, during 2019. In addition, values of 108.41 μg kg−1 and 117.35 μg kg−1 were recorded for FF and Urea in B-385, while 125.91-μg kg−1 and 90.71-μg kg−1 were measured for FF and Urea in YJY, respectively, during 2020. Similarly, B-385 had better 2AP content and yield-related traits, as well as amylose content and cooked rice elongation, as compared to the YJY rice cultivar. The 2AP accumulation and its related biochemical parameters, and their relationships in different plant tissues at different growth stages under FF and Urea treatments, were also improved. Further, the 2AP content and the P5C activity demonstrated strong correlations during the grain filling periods in both fragrant rice cultivars. In conclusion, our findings have the potential to provide useful information to farmers and agriculture extension workers in terms of the saving of fertilizers and the improvement of rice grain quality under fluctuating climate conditions.

Published
2022

46. Docosahexaenoic Acid Stability in Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food

Author

Genevieve James, Kevin Stephenson, Meghan Callaghan-Gillespie, Mohamed Tabita Kamara, Hui Gyu Park, J. Thomas Brenna, and Mark J. Manary

Subjects
Health (social science), Plant Science, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Microbiology, Food Science
Abstract

Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) is used to treat young children diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition. RUTF with low and balanced linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid, plus omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), supports long-term cognitive recovery. DHA is prone to degradation due to peroxidation, possibly exacerbated by the iron inherently in RUTF. Our goals were to prepare benchtop and manufacturing scale of RUTF formulations that include DHA and measure its retention. Twenty-seven RUTF formulas with base ingredients, including oats, high oleic or commodity peanuts, and encapsulated or oil-based DHA at various levels were prepared at benchtop scale, followed by seven months of climate-controlled storage. These pilot samples had similar relative DHA retention. At the manufacturing scale, DHA was added at one of two stages in the process, either at the initial or the final mixing stage. Samples taken at preliminary or later steps show that less than 20% of DHA added at the early stages disappeared prior to packaging for any recipe tested. Overall, our data indicate that most DHA included in RUTF is retained in the final product and that DHA is best retained when added at the latest manufacturing stage.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Culture Requests and Multi-Drug Resistance among Suspected Urinary Tract Infections in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Freetown, Sierra Leone (2017–21): A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Julian S. O. Campbell, Saskia van Henten, Zikan Koroma, Ibrahim Franklyn Kamara, Gladys N. Kamara, Hemant Deepak Shewade, and Anthony D. Harries

Subjects
Male, Staphylococcus aureus, uropathogens, culture requests, antibiotic sensitivity testing, secondary data, children, pregnant women, West Africa, SORT IT, operational research, Sierra Leone, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Tertiary Care Centers, Cross-Sectional Studies, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Urinary Tract Infections, Escherichia coli, Humans, Female, Child, Pandemics
Abstract

In sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited information about the use of microbiology laboratory services in patients with suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs). This cross-sectional study assessed the requests for urine culture in patients with suspected UTI in two tertiary (maternal and paediatric) hospitals—Freetown and Sierra Leone, during May 2017–May 2021—and determined antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns among bacterial isolates. One laboratory served the two hospitals, with its electronic database used to extract information. Overall, there were 980 patients, of whom 168 (17%) had cultures requested and performed. Of these, 75 (45%) were culture positive. During 2017–2019, there were 930 patients, of whom 156 (17%) had cultures performed. During 2020–2021, when services were disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, there were 50 patients, of whom 12 (24%) had cultures performed. The four commonest isolates were Escherichia coli (36), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10), Staphylococcus aureus (9), and Pseudomonas spp. (6). There were high levels of AMR, especially for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (47%), nalidixic acid (44%), nitrofurantoin (32%) and cefotaxime (36%). Overall, 41 (55%) bacterial isolates showed multidrug resistance, especially E. coli (58%), Pseudomonas spp. (50%), and S. aureus (44%). These findings support the need for better utilization of clinical microbiology services to guide antibiotic stewardship and monitoring of trends in resistance patterns.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results