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Many nutrition delivery systems (NDSs) have been developed for the encapsulation, protection, and delivery of bioactive compounds, such as β-carotene. Most of those systems were prepared in solution, which is inconvenient for transportation and storage in the food industry. In the present work, we constructed an environmentally friendly dry NDS based on defatted soybean particles (DSPs) by milling a β-carotene-DSP mixture. The loading efficiency of the NDS reached 89.0%, and the cumulative release rate decreased from 15.1% (free β-carotene) to 6.0% within 8 h. The stability of β-carotene in the dry NDS was found to have increased in a thermogravimetric analysis. Stored for 14 days at 55 °C or under UV irradiation, the retaining rates of β-carotene in the NDS increased to 50.7% and 63.6%, respectively, while they were 24.2% and 54.6% for the free samples. The bioavailability of β-carotene was improved by the NDS too. The apparent permeability coefficient of the NDS reached 1.37 × 10−6 cm/s, which is 12 times that of free β-carotene (0.11 × 10−6 cm/s). Besides being environmentally friendly, the dry NDS can facilitate carriage, transportation, or storage in the food industry, and similar to other NDSs, it improves the stability and bioavailability of nutrients.

Salmonella Typhimurium is widely distributed in food. It can colonise the gastrointestinal tract after ingestion, causing lamina propria edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and mucosal epithelial decomposition. A high-fat diet (HFD) can induce an inflammatory response, but whether HFD can increase the infection level of S. Typhimurium is unknown. We established a model of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain ATCC 13311 ATCC 13311 infection in healthy adult mice with a maintenance diet (MD) or HFD to explore the effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1201 intervention on S. Typhimurium ATCC 13311 colonization and its protective effects on mice. HFD exacerbated the infection of S. Typhimurium ATCC 13311, while the intervention of L. plantarum 1201 effectively mitigated this process. L. plantarum 1201 can reduce the colonies of S. ATCC 13311 in the intestines and tissues; and reduce intestinal inflammation by down-regulating the level of TLR4/NF-κB pathway related proteins in serum and the expression of related inflammatory factors in the colon and jejunum. Since L. plantarum 1201 can inhibit the colonization of S. Typhimurium ATCC 13311 and relieve inflammation in HFD, current research may support the use of L. plantarum 1201 to prevent S. Typhimurium infection.