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Despite the availability of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and screening facilities at various health centers in Saudi Arabia, the annual death rate due to cervical cancer is high. Therefore, knowledge and awareness are essential for self-care and educating others, particularly among healthcare students. The present descriptive, cross-sectional study explored female pharmacy students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer. A total of 140 students participated in the survey. The survey was conducted for the period between April 2022 to September 2023. We observed a good knowledge score and positive attitudes among 8.5% and 93.5% of participants, respectively. A total of 10% of the study participants reported good practice scores. Most participants had never been screened for cervical cancer (94.3%). Among the non-screened subjects, feeling healthy and lacking information were the participants' significant reasons for not screening for cervical cancer. A positive history of cancer related to smoking significantly impacted the knowledge score ( p = 0.050). The current study reveals that healthcare awareness programs for cervical cancer and HPV vaccination are necessary at the level of educational institutions to improve public health.

Despite the effectiveness of warfarin in extended anticoagulation, its narrow therapeutic index requires frequent dose adjustments and careful patient monitoring. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes of clinical pharmacists' intervention in warfarin therapy management in terms of International Normalized Ratio (INR) control, reduction of bleeding, and hospitalization in a tertiary care hospital. An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted on 96 patients taking warfarin therapy in a clinical pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinic. We observed that 39.6% of patients required dose adjustments at their first and second visits. However, dose adjustments during the third, fourth, and fifth weeks were required at 31.1%, 20.8%, and 4.2%, respectively, to achieve INR levels. We also observed that 36.46% of the patients attained the target INR at baseline, which was increased over the first week to the fifth week to 57.29%, 61.46%, 61.46%, 68.75%, and 85.42%, respectively. No one reported the ADR between the third and fifth weeks. Based on our findings, the study strongly suggests that pharmacists' interventions can improve the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing warfarin therapy. Thus, competent pharmacy personnel must be a priority in both usual patient care and critical care among primary care networks.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been identified as the leading reason for morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia. Pharmacists play a major role in CVD prevention and health promotion. We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and involvement of pharmacists in CVD prevention and evaluate the influence of continuing medical education in CVD-prevention services in Saudi Arabia., Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the involvement of pharmacists in CVD-related prevention services along with their knowledge and attitudes. A 34-item questionnaire was developed and distributed among the participants., Results: A total of 324 responses were included in the study. More than 60% of pharmacists had provided counseling regarding the importance of healthy lifestyles and self-monitoring CVD risk factors. About half of the participants (49.1%) had never received any CVD-related continuing medical education. Overall, more than 60% of the participants reported positively towards their role in CVD prevention. Lack of time (66%) and lack of educational materials and tools (41%) were the top perceived barriers for providing CVD-prevention and health-promotion activities, followed by lack of skills in using tools (36%) and lack of privacy/space (33%)., Conclusions: The involvement of pharmacists in the prevention of CVD is limited in this study. Further education and capacity building are required to strengthen pharmacists' involvement in CVD-prevention and health-promotion activities.