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Because textile industries are intensely water-consuming and generate a huge quantity of wastewater, the present study examines the scope of using solar thermal technology to treat wastewater from textile industries. A hybrid technology, comprising a compound parabolic concentrator-based solar thermal system in conjunction with a Membrane Distillation (MD) system, is experimented with for wastewater treatment in textile industries. The MD system requires a water temperature of around 90 °C for efficient functioning. The advanced MD technology using waste heat combined with solar heat to meet the system's thermal load is technologically evaluated for an experimental textile industry in India. Moreover, the present study critically analyses the techno economics of the proposed hybrid technology. A detailed financial analysis has revealed that, besides technological superiority, the recommended technology is also financially rewarding for wastewater treatment in the textile industry. To cope with the delayed payback period, financial incentives are recommended so that the system becomes a lucrative technological option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, China is faced with a situation of unbalanced regional economic development. The report of the 19th session of the national congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that we should accelerate the implementation of the strategy of coordinated regional development. However, this study finds that, in the process of "leaving the cage and changing birds", the number of enterprises in the textile industry in the eastern region has risen again, which, in turn, has led to overcapacity and has seriously affected the sustainable development of the textile industry. The present study finds that the increasingly distorted price of industrial land is the root cause of the "surge phenomenon" of enterprises in the textile industry and overcapacity. Therefore, China's central government should be fully aware of the negative impact of the distorted price of industrial land on the sustainable development of textile industry. Efforts must be made to solve the problems of the excessive influx of textile enterprises, overcapacity, and unsustainability in the eastern region in three aspects. Specifically, the land transfer procedure should be standardized, the motivation of local governments' land attracting investment should be curbed, and the introduction of high-quality enterprises should be paid attention to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural dyes have been used from ancient times for multiple purposes, most importantly in the field of textile dying. The increasing demand and excessive costs of natural dye extraction engendered the discovery of synthetic dyes from petrochemical compounds. Nowadays, they are dominating the textile market, with nearly 8 × 105 tons produced per year due to their wide range of color pigments and consistent coloration. Textile industries consume huge amounts of water in the dyeing processes, making it hard to treat the enormous quantities of this hazardous wastewater. Thus, they have harmful impacts when discharged in non-treated or partially treated forms in the environment (air, soil, plants and water), causing several human diseases. In the present work we focused on synthetic dyes. We started by studying their classification which depended on the nature of the manufactured fiber (cellulose, protein and synthetic fiber dyes). Then, we mentioned the characteristics of synthetic dyes, however, we focused more on their negative impacts on the ecosystem (soil, plants, water and air) and on humans. Lastly, we discussed the applied physical, chemical and biological strategies solely or in combination for textile dye wastewater treatments. Additionally, we described the newly established nanotechnology which achieves complete discharge decontamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]