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The development of non-noble metal catalysts for water electrolysis to product hydrogen meets the current strategic need for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. However, complex preparation methods, low catalytic activity and high energy consumption still limit the application of these materials. Herein, in this work we prepared a three-level structured electrocatalyst of CoP@ZIF-8 growing on modified porous nickel foam (pNF) via the natural growing and phosphating process. In contrast to the common NF, the modified NF constructs a large number of micron-sized pores carrying the nanoscaled catalytic CoP@ZIF-8 on the millimeter-sized skeleton of bare NF, which significantly increases the specific surface area and catalyst load of the material. Thanks to the unique spatial three-level porous structure, electrochemical tests showed a low overpotential of 77 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for HER, and 226 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and 331 mV at 50 mA cm−2 for OER. The result obtained from testing the electrode's overall water splitting performance is also satisfactory, needing only 1.57 V at 10 mA cm−2. Additionally, this electrocatalyst showed great stability for more than 55 h when a 10 mA cm−2 constant current was applied to it. Based on the above characteristics, the present work demonstrates the promising application of this material to the electrolysis of water for the production of hydrogen and oxygen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both EGFR and VEGFR-2 play a critical role in tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis, and targeting EGFR and VEGFR-2 simultaneously represents a promising approach to cancer treatment. In this work, a series of novel quinazoline- and thiourea-containing sorafenib analogs (10a-v) were designed and synthesized as EGFR and VEGFR-2 dual TK inhibitors. Their in vitro enzymatic inhibitory activities against EGFR and VEGFR-2, and antiproliferative activities against HCT-116, MCF-7 and B16 cell lines were evaluated and described. Most of the compounds showed potent activities against both cell lines and TK kinases. Compounds 10b and 10q which exhibited the most potent inhibitory activities against EGFR (IC50 = 0.02 µM and 0.01 µM, respectively), VEGFR-2 (IC50 = 0.05 µM and 0.08 µM, respectively), and good antiproliferative activities, also displayed competitive anti-tumor activities than sorafenib in vivo by B16 melanoma xenograft model test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bearings play a key role in rolling mills, and the uniformity of their lubricant film directly affects the degree of wear of bearings and the safety of equipment. Due to long-term stress, the lubricant film inside the bearing is not uniformly distributed, resulting in uneven wear between the journal and the shaft tile, which increases the potential safety hazards in production. Traditional disassembly inspection methods are complex and time-consuming. Ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology, which has the advantages of nondestructive and adaptable, has become an effective means of assessing the thickness of the oil film in bearings. In this study, an experimental platform for calibrating the lubricant film thickness in bearings was constructed for the first time, and the acoustic characteristics of different thicknesses of the oil film were measured using ultrasonic detection equipment to verify the accuracy of the simulation process. The experimental results show that after discrete Fourier transform processing, the main features of the frequency channels of the reflected acoustic signals of different thicknesses of the oil film are consistent with the finite element simulation results, and the errors of the oil film thicknesses calculated from the reflection coefficients are within 10% of the set thicknesses, and the measurement ranges cover from 5 μm to 250 μm. Therefore, the above method can realize the accurate measurement of the thicknesses of the oil film in bearings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rolling mill bearings are prone to wear, erosion, and other damage characteristics due to prolonged exposure to rolling forces. Therefore, regular inspection of rolling mill bearings is necessary. Ultrasonic technology, due to its non-destructive nature, allows for measuring the oil film thickness distribution within the bearing during disassembly. However, during the process of using ultrasonic reflection coefficients to determine the oil film thickness and distribution state of rolling mill bearings, changes in bearing temperature due to prolonged operation can occur. Ultrasonic waves are susceptible to temperature variations, and different temperatures of the measured structure can lead to changes in measurement results, ultimately distorting the results. This paper proposes using density and sound speed compensation methods to address this issue. It simulates and analyzes the oil film reflection coefficients at different temperatures, ultimately confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach. The paper establishes a functional relationship between bearing pressure and reflection coefficients, oil film thickness, and reflection coefficients. This allows for the compensation of reflection coefficients under any pressure conditions, enhancing the accuracy of oil film thickness detection. The proposed method provides technical support for the maintenance of plate rolling processes in the steel industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the appropriate types of water rights systems for different regions with varying water resource conditions in China. The most appropriate water rights systems for various zones were determined by comparing the value of influencing factors with corresponding thresholds in China's second-class zones of water resources. It is shown that a riparian rights system under water withdrawals permission could be adopted in most regions of southern China. For most northern Chinese regions, the quantity proportional water rights systems should be adopted and further improved. In contrast to the implementation of a single quantity proportional water rights system, this paper innovatively proposes a zoning scheme for China's water rights system. The appropriate type of water rights system can be identified according to the region's specific water resource conditions. It can provide a scientific reference for the reform of water rights systems in China and other countries or regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy is an essential topic owing to the severe environmental problems faced worldwide, especially in underdeveloped rural areas. Energy literacy is closely related to energy consumption and conservation behaviors in daily life. Although the energy attitudes and behaviors of communities can determine the sustainable development of rural tourism, less attention has been paid to the energy literacy of rural communities. This study adopted a measurable scale to compare the energy literacy levels between 188 questionnaires from rural residents in tourism communities and 195 questionnaires from non-tourism communities both in the Jizhou District, China. A theoretical model was constructed to investigate the relationships between the variables. Additionally, this study verified the influence of rural tourism activities on communities' energy literacy by comparing different villages. The results showed that rural communities have high levels of energy literacy in the knowledge, attitude, and behavioral sectors. Positive relationships between knowledge and attitude and between attitudes and behaviors were estimated. However, the positive impact of knowledge on behavior was inconspicuous. The most important theoretical contribution of this study is the confirmation of the significant differences in energy literacy between traditional and rural tourism destination communities, thus proving the improvement in communities' energy literacy induced by tourism development. Finally, this study presents practical implications for policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vibration isolation effect of the pneumatic spring determines the precision of the manufacturing. In this paper, in order to detect the performance of a pneumatic spring, a multi frequency band testing system with different payload is designed and developed. First, the pneumatic spring structure is analyzed, and the stiffness of the pneumatic spring is obtained based on the ideal gas model, Kelvin–Voigt model, and finite element method. Then, to verify the reliability of the system, a dynamic model of the vibration platform is established. Through an analysis of the simulation using the Simulink environment, critical parameters are determined, and the effective conditions of the vibration isolation are obtained. Based on the results from the simulation and experiment, the transmission rate is around 20% under 40 Hz vibration, and 12% under 100 Hz vibration. The pneumatic spring proves to be effective under vibrations beyond 7 H. This achievement will become an important basis for future research concerning precision manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although neglected in previous studies, tourist-to-tourist interaction (TTI) is a core part of festival experience. It is widely acknowledged that interactions between tourists significantly influence behavioral reactions such as desire to stay, satisfaction, and loyalty, which are important for tourism destination marketing. This study used grounded theory to obtain insights into onsite interactions between tourists and to propose a conceptual model of TTI on the Midi Music Festival in China. The model constitutes the types, drivers, and influence of TTI. Compared with mutual assistance and conflict, entertainment interaction plays an essential role in the overall evaluation of the festival experience. Individual characteristics are the internal drivers of interactions between tourists. Environmental elements including the festivalscape and social festivalscape are influential exogenous factors. Additionally, spatial locations of tourists at the venue play mediating roles between the driving elements and TTI. Since entertainment incidents construct the essential part of onsite interactions at festivals, managers can shape the atmosphere to encourage tourists to engage in interactive entertainment with others tourists. This should improve participants' overall evaluations of the festival experience as well as the sustainable development of destinations where festivals are held. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]