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I Diagnostics i was able to uphold its high standards for published papers due to the outstanding efforts of our reviewers. Regardless of whether the articles they examined were ultimately published, the editors would like to express their appreciation and thank the following reviewers for the time and dedication that they have shown I Diagnostics i : hose of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). Thanks to the efforts of our reviewers in 2022, the median time to first decision was 18 days and the median time to publication was 38 days. [Extracted from the article]

Regardless of whether the articles they examined were ultimately published, the editors would like to express their appreciation and thank the following reviewers for the time and dedication that they have shown I Molecules i olely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). Thanks to the efforts of our reviewers in 2022, the median time to first decision was 14 days and the median time to publication was 34 days. I Molecules i was able to uphold its high standards for published papers due to the outstanding efforts of our reviewers. [Extracted from the article]

TecsonYuanyuan ShiKristina KuhbandnerYubin KangKristoffel R. DumonYue GuanKristoffer StrålinYuehui YuKrisztina KelemenYuejiao XianKrisztina TarYuexin XuKrystian WochnaYuhei MatsudaKrzysztof CzyzewskiYuichi AdachiKrzysztof LetachowiczYuichiro HatanoKrzysztof PalganYuichiro YoneokaKrzysztof SzyfterYu-Jer HsiaoKrzysztof ZielinskiYuji ShimizuKsenija Rener-SitarYuka KotozakiKuang-Tai KuoYuki TabataKuan-Hao TsuiYukihiro SaitoKuanJung ChenYuko HaradaKuldeep ShahYuliya I. RaginoKun LiYuliya SemenovaKun LiuYun PanKun QinYun WangKun WangYun ZhuKundlik GadhaveYun-Chen ChangKun-Eek KilYundi FengKun-Hua LeeYungi KimKuo-Ting SunYuning ChenKurt A. MelstromYuqin QiaoKurt ChristensenYurii ChepurnyiKurt SvärdsuddYuriy L. Vasil'evKushal GandhiYu-Sheng YangKwon Hui SeoYusof KamisahKyle BurghardtYusra Habib KhanKyo Chul KooYusuke EndoKyoung Sik ParkYusuke SekinoKyung Rae KoYuta TsubouchiKyungjin KimYutaka ImamuraKyung-su KimYutaka OwariL. [Extracted from the article]

I Biomedicines i was able to uphold its high standards for published papers due to the outstanding efforts of our reviewers. [Extracted from the article]

We assessed the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of 9,11-dihydrogracilin A (DHG), a molecule derived from the Antarctic marine sponge Dendrilla membranosa. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to establish DHG properties. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and human keratinocytes cell line (HaCaT cells) were used as in vitro system, whereas a model of murine cutaneous irritation was adopted for in vivo studies. We observed that DHG reduces dose dependently the proliferative response and viability of mitogen stimulated PBMC. In addition, DHG induces apoptosis as revealed by AnnexinV staining and downregulates the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) at late time points. These effects were accompanied by down-regulation of interleukin 6 (IL-6) production, slight decrease of IL-10 and no inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion. To assess potential properties of DHG in epidermal inflammation we used HaCaT cells; this compound reduces cell growth, viability and migration. Finally, we adopted for the in vivo study the croton oil-induced ear dermatitis murine model of inflammation. Of note, topical use of DHG significantly decreased mouse ear edema. These results suggest that DHG exerts anti-inflammatory effects and its anti-edema activity in vivo strongly supports its potential therapeutic application in inflammatory cutaneous diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thanks to the great efforts of our reviewers, I IJMS i was able to maintain its standards for the high quality of its published papers. Rigorous peer-reviews are the basis of high-quality academic publishing. Thanks to the contribution of our reviewers, in 2021, the median time to first decision was 16 days and the median time to publication was 34 days. [Extracted from the article]

The fruit of Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) is known in ancient traditional Asian medicine for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. These effects are mainly due to the action of polyphenols known as xanthones, which are contained in the pericarp of the fruit. In recent years, there has been a growing interest from pharmaceutical companies in formulating new topicals based on mangosteen full extracts to prevent skin aging. However, the molecules responsible for these effects and the mechanisms involved have not been investigated so far. Here, the arils and shells of Garcinia mangostana were extracted with chloroform and methanol, and the extracts were further purified to yield 12 xanthone derivatives. Their effects were evaluated using in vitro cultures of human epidermal keratinocytes. After confirming the absence of cytotoxicity, we evaluated the antioxidant potential of these compounds, identifying mangostanin as capable of both protecting and restoring oxidative damage induced by H2O2. We showed how mangostanin, by reducing the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), prevents the activation of AKT (protein kinase B), ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), p53, and other cellular pathways underlying cell damage and apoptosis activation. In conclusion, our study is the first to demonstrate that mangostanin is effective in protecting the skin from the action of free radicals, thus preventing skin aging, confirming a potential toward its development in the nutraceutical and cosmeceutical fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Arterial hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction, heart failure, renal failure and peripheral vascular disease. In the last decade, milk-derived bioactive peptides have attracted attention for their beneficial cardiovascular properties. Methods: Here, we combined in vitro chemical assay such as LC-MS/MS analysis of buffalo ice cream, ex vivo vascular studies evaluating endothelial and smooth muscle responses using pressure myograph, and translational assay testing in vivo the vascular actions of PG1 administration in murine models. Results: We demonstrate that a novel buffalo ice-cream-derived pentapeptide "QKEPM", namely PG1, is a stable peptide that can be obtained at higher concentration after gastro-intestinal digestions (GID) of buffalo ice-cream (BIC). It owns potent vascular effect in counteract the effects of angiotensin II-evoked vasoconstriction and high blood pressure levels. Its effects are mediated by the inhibitory effect on AT1 receptor leading to a downregulation of p-ERK½/Rac1-GTP and consequent reduction of oxidative stress. Conclusions: These results strongly candidate PG1, as a novel bioactive peptide for the prevention and management of hypertension, thus expanding the armamentarium of preventive strategies aimed at reducing the incidence and progression of hypertension and its related cardiovascular complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ganoderma lucidum or Reishi is recognized as the most potent adaptogen present in nature, and its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities are well known. Moreover, lately, there has been an increasing interest from pharmaceutical companies in antiaging G. lucidum-extract-based formulations. Nevertheless, the pharmacological mechanisms of such adaptogenic and regenerative actions remain unclear. The present investigation aimed to explore its molecular and cellular effects in vitro in epidermal keratinocyte cultures by applying liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCMS-IT-TOF) for analysis of ethanol extracts using ganoderic acid-A as a reference compound. The G. lucidum extract showed a keratinocyte proliferation induction accompanied by an increase of cyclic kinase protein expressions, such as CDK2 and CDK6. Furthermore, a noteworthy migration rate increase and activation of tissue remodelling factors, such as matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9), were observed. Finally, the extract showed an antioxidant effect, protecting from H2O2-induced cytotoxicity; preventing activation of AKT (protein kinase B), ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), p53 and p21; and reducing the number of apoptotic cells. Our study paves the path for elucidating pharmacological properties of G. lucidum and its potential development as cosmeceutical skin products, providing the first evidence of its capability to accelerate the healing processes enhancing re-epithelialization and to protect cells from free-radical action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular diseases, followed by strokes, represent the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite its success in preventing cardiovascular diseases, the therapeutic potential of 3-Hydroxytyrosol (HT) for treating ischemic diseases is yet to be investigated in detail, especially with regard to ischemic heart disease, which is a major challenge for humans. We assessed that low concentrations (1–5 µM) of HT, generally achieved after the ingestion of olive oil, stimulate endothelial cells migration and angiogenesis in an in vitro model. At early time points (1–6 h), HT induces the expression of different proteins such as proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (Src), rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) protein influencing cell adhesion, cytoskeletal dynamics and cell migration. We observed that at the same time, HT induces prominent vascular formation in the tube formation assay, accompanied by an increase in the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF-R2) and PI3K-Akt-eNOS protein pathways, which are recognized for their central role in angiogenesis. Therefore, in addition to the proven capability of HT to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, through both direct scavenging properties and indirect antioxidant efficacy, our results revealed that HT promotes angiogenesis, arguing in favor of great pharma-nutritional potential in ischemic injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]