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The aim of this cross-sectional study was the evaluation of the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with depression or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in comparison with a group of mentally healthy individuals. Patients from the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Germany, were recruited. A healthy comparison group (HC) was recruited from the Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology. The OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile G14 (OHIP G14). Furthermore, a questionnaire regarding oral hygiene behaviour was applied. A total of 141 patients with depression or ADHD (depression n = 94, ADHD n = 47) and 145 HC individuals with a balanced age and gender distribution were surveyed. OHIP G14 median scores were significantly higher in the overall psychiatric patient group compared to HC (5.00 vs. 0.00, p < 0.001). This was also found for the four dimensions of OHIP G14 (p < 0.001). The OHIP G14 sum score of patients with depression and ADHD was comparable (5.00 vs. 6.50, p = 0.302). A significant association among psychiatric patients between smoking, gum bleeding, professional tooth cleaning, oral health education, interdental cleaning, and elevated OHIP scores was found (p < 0.001). In conclusion, patients with depression and adults with ADHD show a reduced OHRQoL. A contradictory association between oral hygiene/oral health behaviour and OHRQoL supports the hypothesis of a changed perception of oral conditions in patients with mental diseases. Interdisciplinary collaboration between psychiatric specialists and dentists should be fostered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression and vitamin D deficiency are major public health problems. The existing literature indicates the complex relationship between depression and vitamin D. The purpose of this study was to examine whether this relationship is moderated or mediated by inflammation. A community sample (n = 7162) from the LIFE-Adult-Study was investigated, for whom depressive symptoms were assessed via the German version of CES-D scale and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP levels, WBC count) were quantified. Mediation analyses were performed using Hayes' PROCESS macro and regression analyses were conducted to test moderation effects. There was a significant negative correlation between CES-D and 25(OH)D, and positive associations between inflammatory markers and CES-D scores. Only WBC partially mediated the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms both in a simple mediation model (ab: −0.0042) and a model including covariates (ab: −0.0011). None of the inflammatory markers showed a moderation effect on the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms. This present work highlighted the complex relationship between vitamin D, depressive symptoms and inflammation. Future studies are needed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation and depressive symptomatology for causality assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]