156 results on '"Botticelli A"'
Search Results
2. Controlled Lateral Pressure on Cortical Bone Using Blade-Equipped Implants: An Experimental Study in Rabbits.
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Ferreira Balan, Vitor, Ferri, Mauro, Pires Godoy, Eduardo, Artioli, Leticia Gabriela, Botticelli, Daniele, Silva, Erick Ricardo, and Xavier, Samuel Porfirio
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COMPACT bone ,RABBITS ,BONE growth ,TIBIA ,OSSEOINTEGRATION - Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the biological behavior of a novel implant design incorporating decompressive cervical blades. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the healing outcomes in cortical regions where decompressive protocols were implemented using implants equipped with blades and installed applying a bicortical anchorage. Materials and Methods: Blades with varying diameters were integrated into the coronal portion of the implant to prepare the cortical region of rabbit tibiae. The blade diameters differed from the implant collar by the following amounts: control group (0 µm), +50 µm, and +200 µm. Results: No marginal bone loss was detected. Instead, all implants exhibited new bone formation in the coronal region. Complete closure was observed in the CG-0 group, as well as in the TG-50 and TG-200 groups, despite the presence of marginal gaps without primary bone contact at installation. In the apical region, most implants breached the cortical layer. Nevertheless, new bone formation in this region completely closed the osteotomy, effectively isolating the internal environment of the tibia from the external. Conclusions: The use of a blade incorporated into the implant body enabled precise preparation of the cortical layer, allowing for controlled decompression in the targeted area. This technique resulted in optimal osseointegration with no loss of marginal bone, and complete restoration of marginal gaps ranging from 0 µm to 200 µm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. An Enigmatic Soft-Tissue Creeping Phenomenon: The Spontaneous Peri-Implant Mucosa Margin and Papilla Growth, Part Two—A Scientifically Supported Hypothesis Article.
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Agabiti, Ivo, Apaza Alccayhuaman, Karol Alí, Taniguchi, Zenzaburo, Kuwano, Kazuhisa, and Botticelli, Daniele
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DENTAL crowns ,MUCOUS membranes ,PHYSIOLOGY ,TISSUES ,BIOLOGY - Abstract
In our previous article, we observed and measured a spontaneous growth in the coronal direction of the keratinized tissues present around implants. This growth involved both free margins and interdental papillae, and we indicated our hypothesis on the probable cause of this still-unexplained phenomenon. The growth of oral soft tissues involves several other structures, such as the linea alba and tongue indentation. Our idea holds that growth of these tissues is generated by the negative intraoral pressure created in the oral phase of swallowing and the subsequent resting position, which through the resulting suction causes a shift of these soft structures in the gaps around the dental crowns. Other hypotheses have been suggested in the past to understand this phenomenon of soft tissue growth, which still lacks data supporting etiological evidence. The purpose of this article is to thoroughly analyze and verify our model by comparing the clinical observations with citations and examples from the literature, combined with notions of physiology, biology, and physics that help in clarifying these events. To better explain the mechanisms of oral soft tissue growth, photographs of clinical cases paradigmatic of the phenomenon are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Stealing from Phytotherapy—Heritage Conservation with Essential Oils: A Review, from Remedy to Sustainable Restoration Product.
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Reale, Rita, Medeghini, Laura, and Botticelli, Michela
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Essential oils represent a good alternative to chemical biocides as they have antiseptic, antibacterial and antifungal properties, inhibiting the formation and proliferation of biofilms which can occur on outdoor and indoor surfaces of ancient and modern artworks. In this review, we illustrate how their antimicrobial properties, known since antiquity in phytotherapy, have been studied and tested for conservation purposes since the 1970s. In vitro tests on a wide range of plant extracts and in situ applications of specific volatile compounds have shown selective antibacterial and antifungal properties after the individual action of pure components or as the synergic effects of pre-determined mixtures. The review emphasizes the broad spectrum of materials—organic and inorganic—that essential oils can be applied to as biocides and finally emphasizes how the demand for commercial solutions has rapidly grown in bioconservation. The review demonstrates how research on the subject has been powerfully boosted by the ecofriendly and harmless character of essential oil applications, which makes them one of the most sustainable options in heritage conservation nowadays. The review elucidates how research is developing novel solutions for the application of EO blends—like encapsulation and microemulsions—and their optimization in commercial products for heritage conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Evaluation of a New Simplified Approach for Upper Superficial Impacted Third Molar Extraction—A Retrospective Split-Mouth Study.
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Materni, Alberto, Apaza Alccayhuaman, Karol Alí, Maltagliati, Alberto, Botticelli, Daniele, and Benedicenti, Stefano
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MOLARS ,THIRD molars ,SURGICAL site ,DENTAL extraction ,POSTOPERATIVE pain ,IMPACTION of teeth - Abstract
Background: A new access technique was developed to reduce postoperative adverse events after the extraction of impacted maxillary wisdom teeth. Hence, this study aimed to assess the occurrence of adverse events after the extraction of maxillary impacted wisdom teeth using a traditional access (TA) or a new technique (NT). Methods: Two different surgical incision designs were used for bilateral wisdom tooth extractions in 30 patients. The traditional incision was performed distal to the second molar in the center of the tuberosity, followed by a buccal releasing incision. After the tooth extraction, the wound was secured by sutures. The new technique consists of an oblique incision from the distal palatal aspect of the tuberosity towards the buccal aspect of the second molar. After the tooth extraction, cyanoacrylate glue was used on the wound. Results: Lower pain was reported by patients at the site treated with the new technique (p < 0.01). Edema, postsurgical bleeding, and hematoma were similar in both groups. The surgical time was shorter for the new technique (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The new technique applied for the extraction of impacted maxillary wisdom teeth reduced postsurgical pain and the duration of surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Predicting the Structure of Enzymes with Metal Cofactors: The Example of [FeFe] Hydrogenases.
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Botticelli, Simone, La Penna, Giovanni, Minicozzi, Velia, Stellato, Francesco, Morante, Silvia, Rossi, Giancarlo, and Faraloni, Cecilia
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MACHINE learning , *HYDROGENASE , *PROTEIN domains , *DEEP learning , *EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins , *ENZYMES , *IRON clusters , *MOLECULAR clusters - Abstract
The advent of deep learning algorithms for protein folding opened a new era in the ability of predicting and optimizing the function of proteins once the sequence is known. The task is more intricate when cofactors like metal ions or small ligands are essential to functioning. In this case, the combined use of traditional simulation methods based on interatomic force fields and deep learning predictions is mandatory. We use the example of [FeFe] hydrogenases, enzymes of unicellular algae promising for biotechnology applications to illustrate this situation. [FeFe] hydrogenase is an iron–sulfur protein that catalyzes the chemical reduction of protons dissolved in liquid water into molecular hydrogen as a gas. Hydrogen production efficiency and cell sensitivity to dioxygen are important parameters to optimize the industrial applications of biological hydrogen production. Both parameters are related to the organization of iron–sulfur clusters within protein domains. In this work, we propose possible three-dimensional structures of Chlorella vulgaris 211/11P [FeFe] hydrogenase, the sequence of which was extracted from the recently published genome of the given strain. Initial structural models are built using: (i) the deep learning algorithm AlphaFold; (ii) the homology modeling server SwissModel; (iii) a manual construction based on the best known bacterial crystal structure. Missing iron–sulfur clusters are included and microsecond-long molecular dynamics of initial structures embedded into the water solution environment were performed. Multiple-walkers metadynamics was also used to enhance the sampling of structures encompassing both functional and non-functional organizations of iron–sulfur clusters. The resulting structural model provided by deep learning is consistent with functional [FeFe] hydrogenase characterized by peculiar interactions between cofactors and the protein matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Naples Yellow Revisited: Insights into Trades and Use in 17th-Century Sicily from the Macro X-ray Fluorescence Scanning of Matthias Stomer's 'The Mocking of Christ'.
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Botticelli, Michela, Miliani, Costanza, Ravan, Eva Luna, Caliri, Claudia, and Romano, Francesco Paolo
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X-ray fluorescence , *EIGHTEENTH century - Abstract
In a recent non-destructive analytical campaign at Museo Civico, Castello Ursino, in Catania, Italy, several paintings in the permanent collection were investigated by MA-XRF scanning, with a special focus on Matthias Stomer's production. On one depiction of the Mocking of Christ (ca. 1640) donated to the municipality of Catania by G.B. Finocchiaro in 1826, the analysis documented the use of Naples yellow. Sb with Pb was detected in yellow areas of the Mocking of Christ, but not in his work Tobias healing his father. This finding possibly suggested an early use of lead antimonate yellow in South Italy, although it is generally accepted that this pigment was introduced in painting in the eighteenth century. Further details on his technique and later conservation treatments are provided, as well as literary comparisons with the artistic production during the same period, in Sicily and elsewhere. A systematic study of Stomer's works, for example examining paintings produced while he was in Naples or Rome, might determine whether this material choice depended on local availability. Overall, it would shed light on his technique, as well as on the history of Naples yellow in southern Italy and beyond, before this pigment became so popular in the eighteenth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Sarcopenia in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Roberto, Michela, Barchiesi, Giacomo, Resuli, Blerina, Verrico, Monica, Speranza, Iolanda, Cristofani, Leonardo, Pediconi, Federica, Tomao, Federica, Botticelli, Andrea, and Santini, Daniele
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ONLINE information services ,META-analysis ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SARCOPENIA ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,CANCER patients ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,CHI-squared test ,DATA analysis software ,ODDS ratio ,MEDLINE ,BREAST tumors ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Simple Summary: The evaluation of additional body composition measures, such as visceral adipose tissue area, subcutaneous adipose tissue area, and sarcopenic obesity, could be useful to improve our understanding of the prognostic role of body composition parameters in women with breast cancer. The aim of our review was to summarize current evidence about sarcopenia in non-metastatic as well as metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and to identify any correlation between sarcopenia and patient outcomes. We observed a correlation between sarcopenia and significantly higher rates of treatment-related toxicities in both settings (metastatic and non-metastatic) compared with patients without sarcopenia. It was found that sarcopenic patients were more likely to deal with severe toxicities compared to patients classified as non-sarcopenic. This finding suggests that sarcopenia recently emerged as a new condition that, independently from malnutrition, may adversely affect patient outcomes and may be used as a reference for chemotherapy dose selection to better balance individual pharmacokinetic differences. (1) Background: We estimated the prevalence and clinical outcomes of sarcopenia among breast cancer patients. (2) Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out for the period between July 2023 and October 2023. Studies with breast cancer patients evaluated for sarcopenia in relation to overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), relapse of disease (DFS), pathological complete response (pCR), or toxicity to chemotherapy were included. (3) Results: Out of 359 screened studies, 16 were eligible for meta-analysis, including 6130 patients, of whom 5284 with non-MBC. Sarcopenia was evaluated with the computed tomography (CT) scan skeletal muscle index and, in two studies, with the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) appendicular lean mass index. Using different classifications and cut-off points, overall, there were 2007 sarcopenic patients (33%), of whom 1901 (95%) presented with non-MBC. Sarcopenia was associated with a 33% and 29% higher risk of mortality and progression/relapse of disease, respectively. Sarcopenic patients were more likely to develop grade 3–4 toxicity (OR 3.58, 95% CI 2.11–6.06, p < 0.0001). In the neoadjuvant setting, a higher rate of pCR was observed among sarcopenic patients (49%) (OR 2.74, 95% CI 0.92–8.22). (4) Conclusions: Our meta-analysis confirms the correlation between sarcopenia and negative outcomes, especially in terms of higher toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Implants Placed with a Ring Technique Using Inlay and Onlay Block Xenografts in the Mandible of Rabbits.
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Kaneko, Naoki, Xavier, Samuel Porfirio, Morinaga, Kenzo, Botticelli, Daniele, Silva, Erick Ricardo, Nakajima, Yasushi, and Baba, Shunsuke
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OSSEOINTEGRATION ,MANDIBLE ,XENOGRAFTS ,BONE grafting ,BONE growth ,CANCELLOUS bone ,RABBITS - Abstract
Background: Xenogenous bone has been proposed as an alternative to overcome the disadvantages of autogenous grafting. The aim of the present study was to study bone dynamics at inlay and onlay xenografts used for bone augmentation applying a ring technique. Methods: The bone at the lateral surface of the mandibular angle of 12 adult male New Zealand White rabbits was exposed bilaterally. The cortical layer received multiple perforations on one side of the mandible, and a xenograft block of collagenated cancellous equine bone, 7 mm in diameter and 3 mm in width, was fixed on the prepared surface using an implant (onlay group). On the opposite side, a defect 7 mm in diameter and 3 mm in depth was prepared, and the xenograft block was adapted to the defect and fixed with an implant (inlay group). Results: After ten weeks of healing, in the onlay grafts, new bone was mainly formed on the trabeculae surface, reaching in some specimens the most coronal regions of the block. In the inlay grafts, new bone was found arranged on the trabecular surfaces but also occupying the spaces among the trabeculae. The entrance of the defect was often found close to the top of the block by newly formed bone. A higher percentage of new bone was found in the inlay (19.0 ± 9.3%) compared to the onlay (10.4 ± 7.4%) groups (p = 0.031). The mean gain in osseointegration at the implant in relation to the base of the original 3 mm deep defect was 0.95 ± 1.05% in the onlay group and 0.78 ± 0.71% in the inlay group (p = 0.603). Conclusion: The inlay grafts exhibited a higher new bone percentage than the onlay block grafts possibly due to the defect conformation that presented more sources for bone growth. The trabecular conformation and the composition of the grafts made possible the expression of the osteoconductive properties of the material used. This resulted, in several specimens, in the growth of bone on the graft trabeculae toward the most superior regions in both groups and in the closure of the coronal entrance of the defects in the inlay group. The clinical relevance of this experiment is that the ring technique applied as an inlay method could be suitable for bone augmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Histological Comparison of Collagenated Cancellous Equine Bone Blocks Used as Inlay or Onlay for Lateral Bone Augmentation in Rabbits.
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Sakaguchi, Ryuichi, Xavier, Samuel Porfirio, Morinaga, Kenzo, Botticelli, Daniele, Silva, Erick Ricardo, Nakajima, Yasushi, and Baba, Shunsuke
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BONE grafting ,BONE growth ,COMPACT bone ,RABBITS ,BONE remodeling ,BONE regeneration - Abstract
Background: The conformation of the recipient site for an inlay graft presents an increased contact with the parent bone compared to an onlay graft. This might favor bone growth within the inlay compared to onlay grafts. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the bone incorporation and remodeling processes of xenogeneic en bloc grafts placed using two bone grafting techniques, i.e., onlay vs. inlay. Methods: In this prospective, randomized, split-mouth study (test and control sides in the same animal), two bone grafting techniques were comparatively evaluated. The lateral aspect of the rabbit mandible was used as the recipient site, bilaterally. On one side of the mandible, the cortical bone was perforated with drills to allow a better bone formation from the bone wound and the marrow spaces. A xenogeneic bone block was fixed in the center of the prepared region, representing the onlay site. On the other side of the mandible, a 7 mm wide and 3 mm deep circumferential defect was prepared using trephines and drills. A xenogeneic bone block was fixed in the center of the defect, representing the inlay site. Two healing periods were applied in the study: 2 and 10 weeks, each represented by 10 rabbits (n = 10 for each period). Results: After 2 weeks of healing, the mean percentage of new bone was 10.4% and 23.3% at the onlay and inlay grafts, respectively (p = 0.022). After 10 weeks of healing, new bone increased to 13.2% at the onlay sites and 25.4% at the inlay sites (p = 0.080). In the 10-week period, the inlay grafts presented a homogeneous growth of new bone in all regions, while in the onlay grafts, low percentages of new bone were observed in the external regions. Conclusion: The percentage of new bone increased faster and was higher in the inlay grafts than in the onlay grafts. This outcome might be related to the self-contained conformation of the recipient site in the inlay group, which offered more sources for new bone formation compared to the one-wall conformation of the recipient sites in the onlay group. The osteoconductive properties of the biomaterial allowed the newly formed bone to reach the most peripheral regions in both groups. The osteoconductive properties of the biomaterial, together with the protection offered by the collagen membrane, allowed marginal closure of the defects by newly formed bone in the inlay group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. The Impact of Drug–Drug Interactions on the Toxicity Profile of Combined Treatment with BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in Patients with BRAF-Mutated Metastatic Melanoma.
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Mezi, Silvia, Botticelli, Andrea, Scagnoli, Simone, Pomati, Giulia, Fiscon, Giulia, De Galitiis, Federica, Di Pietro, Francesca Romana, Verkhovskaia, Sofia, Amirhassankhani, Sasan, Pisegna, Simona, Gentile, Giovanna, Simmaco, Maurizio, Gohlke, Bjoern, Preissner, Robert, and Marchetti, Paolo
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CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *COMBINATION drug therapy , *GENETIC mutation , *PROTEIN kinase inhibitors , *MELANOMA , *METASTASIS , *RISK assessment , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DRUG interactions , *TOXICITY testing , *TRANSFERASES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) , *DRUG side effects , *PROGRESSION-free survival , *COMORBIDITY - Abstract
Simple Summary: Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) risk is quite common, potentially significant, and often underestimated. In this context, an advanced DDI detection software (Drug-PIN, V. 2/23) was used to assess the DDIs in a retrospective cohort of 177 patients with metastatic BRAF-mutated cutaneous melanoma treated with BRAF and MEK inhibitors. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact of DDIs on the toxicity profile. Here, we report that the median Drug-PIN score significantly increased when the target combination was added to the patient's home therapy (p-value < 0.0001). Moreover, DDIs emerged as a critical issue for the risk of treatment-related cardiovascular toxicity. Both Drug-PIN score (p = 0.0291) and traffic light (p = 0.00821) were significant predictors of cardiotoxicity onset. Our results suggest evaluating DDIs in the clinical practice of melanoma patients treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors to reduce potentially avoidable toxicities and improve treatment tolerability and patients' quality of life. Background: BRAF and MEK inhibition is a successful strategy in managing BRAF-mutant melanoma, even if the treatment-related toxicity is substantial. We analyzed the role of drug–drug interactions (DDI) on the toxicity profile of anti-BRAF/anti-MEK therapy. Methods: In this multicenter, observational, and retrospective study, DDIs were assessed using Drug-PIN software (V 2/23). The association between the Drug-PIN continuous score or the Drug-PIN traffic light and the occurrence of treatment-related toxicities and oncological outcomes was evaluated. Results: In total, 177 patients with advanced BRAF-mutated melanoma undergoing BRAF/MEK targeted therapy were included. All grade toxicity was registered in 79% of patients. Cardiovascular toxicities occurred in 31 patients (17.5%). Further, 94 (55.9%) patients had comorbidities requiring specific pharmacological treatments. The median Drug-PIN score significantly increased when the target combination was added to the patient's home therapy (p-value < 0.0001). Cardiovascular toxicity was significantly associated with the Drug-PIN score (p-value = 0.048). The Drug-PIN traffic light (p = 0.00821) and the Drug-PIN score (p = 0.0291) were seen to be significant predictors of cardiotoxicity. Patients with low-grade vs. high-grade interactions showed a better prognosis regarding overall survival (OS) (p = 0.0045) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.012). The survival analysis of the subgroup of patients with cardiological toxicity demonstrated that patients with low-grade vs. high-grade DDIs had better outcomes in terms of OS (p = 0.0012) and a trend toward significance in PFS (p = 0.068). Conclusions: DDIs emerged as a critical issue for the risk of treatment-related cardiovascular toxicity. Our findings support the utility of DDI assessment in melanoma patients treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. ESEM-EDX Mineralization and Morphological Analysis of Human Retrieved Maxillary Sinus Bone Graft Biopsies before Loading.
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Imai, Hideki, Prati, Carlo, Zamparini, Fausto, Iezzi, Giovanna, Botticelli, Daniele, Gandolfi, Maria Giovanna, and Baba, Shunsuke
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SINUS augmentation ,BONE grafting ,BONE resorption ,MAXILLARY sinus ,BIOPSY ,DENTAL implants - Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the morphology of bone graft granules, the presence of granule demineralization, and bone morphology in retrieved human maxillary sinus bone graft biopsies. Healthy patients underwent sinus bone augmentation using lateral access. Two different dimensions of the antrostomy were performed, a 4 mm or 8 mm height. After 6 months, all sites received one implant using a flap technique, crestal positioning, and submerged healing. Implant biopsies were retrieved after 3 months and were histologically processed. The ESEM analysis was performed on the entire portion of the peri-implant bone (up to 750 µm from the implant thread). Three different regions of interest (ROIs) were selected: the coronal, middle, and apical portions of the implant. In these areas, EDX was performed, and calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), nitrogen (N), and their atomic ratios (Ca/P, Ca/N, and P/N) were calculated. Different bone tissue electron-dense areas were detected through grayscale intensity quantification of ESEM images with different organic (N) or inorganic (Ca,P) compositions. A total of 16 biopsies from 16 healthy patients were analyzed. Bone graft granules were mostly detected in the apical ROI. New bone tissue bridges were detected in the apical and middle ROI. These structures, with lower Ca/N and P/N ratios, were connected and enveloped the bone graft granules. Cortical ROI revealed the most mineralized bone tissue. Conclusions: After 9 months, bone graft resorption was only partially completed and new bone tissue appeared less mineralized in the middle and apical ROI than in the coronal ROI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors May Improve Schwann Cell Regenerating Potential via Metabotropic Signaling Pathways.
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Botticelli, Elisabetta, Guerriero, Claudia, Fucile, Sergio, De Stefano, Maria Egle, Matera, Carlo, Dallanoce, Clelia, De Amici, Marco, and Tata, Ada Maria
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NICOTINIC acetylcholine receptors , *NERVOUS system regeneration , *SCHWANN cells , *NICOTINIC receptors , *CELL migration , *CELL morphology , *CELLULAR signal transduction - Abstract
Background: Schwann cells (SCs) are glial cells involved in peripheral axon myelination. SCs also play a strategic role after peripheral nerve injury, regulating local inflammation and axon regeneration. Our previous studies demonstrated the presence of cholinergic receptors in SCs. In particular, the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in SCs after peripheral axotomy, suggesting their involvement in the regulation of SC-regenerating properties. To clarify the role that α7 nAChRs may play after peripheral axon damage, in this study we investigated the signal transduction pathways triggered by receptor activation and the effects produced by their activation. Methods: Both ionotropic and metabotropic cholinergic signaling were analyzed by calcium imaging and Western blot analysis, respectively, following α7 nAChR activation. In addition, the expression of c-Jun and α7 nAChRs was evaluated by immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis. Finally, the cell migration was studied by a wound healing assay. Results: Activation of α7 nAChRs, activated by the selective partial agonist ICH3, did not induce calcium mobilization but positively modulated the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 axis. Activation of the mTORC1 complex was also supported by the up-regulated expression of its specific p-p70 S6KThr389 target. Moreover, up-regulation of p-AMPKThr172, a negative regulator of myelination, was also observed concomitantly to an increased nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor c-Jun. Cell migration and morphology analyses proved that α7 nAChR activation also promotes SC migration. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that α7 nAChRs, expressed by SCs only after peripheral axon damage and/or in an inflammatory microenvironment, contribute to improve the SCs regenerating properties. Indeed, α7 nAChR stimulation leads to an upregulation of c-Jun expression and promotes Schwann cell migration by non-canonical pathways involving the mTORC1 activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. Risk of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in One Hundred Patients with Oral Lichen Planus: A Follow-Up Study of Umberto I University Hospital of Rome.
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Tenore, Gianluca, Mohsen, Ahmed, Rocchetti, Federica, Rossi, Giulia, Cassoni, Andrea, Battisti, Andrea, Della Monaca, Marco, Di Gioia, Cira Rosaria Tiziana, De Felice, Francesca, Botticelli, Andrea, Valentini, Valentino, Della Rocca, Carlo, De Vincentiis, Marco, Polimeni, Antonella, and Romeo, Umberto
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MOUTH tumors ,ACADEMIC medical centers ,ALCOHOLISM ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,ORAL lichen planus ,HEAD & neck cancer ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,PEOPLE with alcoholism ,RISK assessment ,CANCER patients ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma ,LONGITUDINAL method ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Simple Summary: The malignant transformation risk of oral lichen planus (OLP) is still a dilemma in the literature. The first report of oral squamous cell carcinoma with the origin of OLP was in 1910. Initially, the reported risk in the literature was high after this date; then, with the application of restricted criteria for the diagnosis of OLP, the reported risk become too low. Currently, there is a recommendation to conduct further studies in which other variables are considered, such as smoking and drinking habits and the type and localization of the lesion. This is in order to evaluate the exact risk of OLP and, correspondingly, to avoid the clinical underestimation by medical staff of the risk of malignant transformation of OLP. This study aims to retrospectively assess the potential risk of malignant transformation in patients with diagnosed oral lichen planus (OLP) between 2015 and 2022, and to evaluate the influence of different risk factors. The department's database and medical records from 2015 to 2022 were searched for patients with a confirmed diagnosis of OLP based on both clinical and histological parameters. A total of 100 patients (59 females and 41 males) were found with a mean age of 64.03 years. In the considered period, the percentage of diagnosed OLP patients was 1.6%, while the percentage of diagnosed OLP patients with transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was 0.18%. A statistically significant difference was found with age (p = 0.038), tobacco status (p = 0.022), and radiotherapy (p = 0.041). The analysis revealed the presence of significant risk in ex-smokers (>20 pack-years), with an odds ratio (OR) of 10.0000 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.5793–63.3186); in alcohol-drinker patients, with an OR of 4.0519 (95% CI 1.0182–16.1253); in ex-smoker and alcohol-drinker patients, with OR of 17.6250 (95% CI 2.2464–138.2808); and in patients who had undergone radiotherapy, with OR of 6.3000 (95% CI 1.2661–31.3484). The malignant transformation of oral lichen planus was slightly higher than thought, and the results revealed a possible association with age, tobacco and alcohol status, and history of radiotherapy. An elevated risk of malignant transformation was observed in heavy ex-smoker patients, alcohol-drinker patients, and alcohol-drinker patients with a history of smoking (ex-smokers). Persuading the patient to quit tobacco and alcohol consumption and periodic follow-ups are recommended in general, but particularly in the presence of these risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
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15. Evaluation of Two Configurations of Hydroxyapatite and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in Sinus Grafts with Simultaneous Implant Installation: An Experimental Study in Rabbits.
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Jacob, Ricardo Garcia Mureb, Ervolino da Silva, Ana Cláudia, Chaushu, Liat, Lang, Niklaus Peter, Borges Duailibe de Deus, Ciro, Botticelli, Daniele, and Rangel Garcia Júnior, Idelmo
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SINUS augmentation ,VASCULAR endothelial growth factors ,HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining ,ACID phosphatase ,RABBITS - Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate peri-implant bone formation in rabbits after sinus grafting mediated by hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate (HA + β-TCP) in granule or paste configurations, concomitant with immediate implant installation. Material & methods: Thirty-four rabbit maxillary sinuses were grafted with HA + β-TCP, half of which were applied in a granule and half in a paste composition. Implant placement was performed simultaneously. At 7 and 40 days postoperatively, the animals were euthanized, and samples were prepared for tomographic, microtomographic, histological, histometric (hematoxylin and eosin staining, HE), and immunohistochemical (labeling of transcription factor Runx-2 [RUNX2], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], osteocalcin [OCN], and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP]) analysis. Implant removal torque was also measured. Results: On tomography, maintenance of sinus membrane integrity was observed in both the groups. Higher values of morphometric parameters evaluated by micro-CT were found in the "paste group" after seven days. At 40 days, there were no significant differences between the groups in most of the microtomographic parameters evaluated. In histological sections stained with HE, a higher percentage of newly formed bone was observed in the "granule group" after 40 days. Similar positive immunolabeling was observed for both RUNX2 and OCN in both the experimental groups. TRAP immunolabeling was similar in both groups as well. VEGF labeling increased in the "granule group", indicating a higher osteoconductive potential in this biomaterial. Similar removal torque values were observed in both groups. Thus, the two HA + β-TCP configurations showed similar healing patterns of simultaneously installed implants adjacent to sinus floor elevation. However, significantly higher bone values were observed for the "granule configuration". Conclusions: The HA + β-TCP granules and paste presentations showed favorable long-term healing results, with bone formation in similar quantities and quality adjacent to the implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Expression of Cholinergic Markers and Characterization of Splice Variants during Ontogenesis of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons
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Carla Perrone-Capano, Giancarlo Poiana, Veronica Corsetti, Ada Maria Tata, Stefano Biagioni, Elisabetta Botticelli, Gabriella Augusti-Tocco, Michael Sebastian Salazar Intriago, Corsetti, V., Perrone Capano, C., Salazar Intriago, M. S., Botticelli, E., Poiana, G., Augusti-Tocco, G., Biagioni, S., and Tata, A. M.
- Subjects
Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins ,Wistar ,cholinergic locus ,Sensory Receptor Cell ,Ganglia, Spinal ,Gene expression ,Protein Isoforms ,Biology (General) ,Spectroscopy ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,splice variants ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Communication ,vesicular acetylcholine transporter ,Acetylcholine ,Choline acetyltransferase ,Cholinergic locus ,Sensory neurons ,Splice variants ,Vesicular acetylcholine transporter ,Alternative Splicing ,Animals ,Choline O-Acetyltransferase ,Cholinergic Neurons ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Neurogenesis ,Rats ,Rats, Wistar ,Sensory Receptor Cells ,Synaptic Vesicles ,Cholinergic locu ,General Medicine ,Computer Science Applications ,Cell biology ,Chemistry ,Splice variant ,medicine.drug ,Synaptic Vesicle ,Spinal ,QH301-705.5 ,Cholinergic Neuron ,Biology ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Western blot ,medicine ,splice ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Molecular Biology ,Sensory neuron ,Animal ,Organic Chemistry ,Protein Isoform ,acetylcholine ,choline acetyltransferase ,sensory neurons ,Transporter ,nervous system ,Nerve Tissue Protein ,Rat ,Cholinergic ,Neurogenesi ,Ganglia - Abstract
Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons synthesize acetylcholine (ACh), in addition to their peptidergic nature. They also release ACh and are cholinoceptive, as they express cholinergic receptors. During gangliogenesis, ACh plays an important role in neuronal differentiation, modulating neuritic outgrowth and neurospecific gene expression. Starting from these data, we studied the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT) expression in rat DRG neurons. ChAT and VAChT genes are arranged in a “cholinergic locus”, and several splice variants have been described. Using selective primers, we characterized splice variants of these cholinergic markers, demonstrating that rat DRGs express R1, R2, M, and N variants for ChAT and V1, V2, R1, and R2 splice variants for VAChT. Moreover, by RT-PCR analysis, we observed a progressive decrease in ChAT and VAChT transcripts from the late embryonic developmental stage (E18) to postnatal P2 and P15 and in the adult DRG. Interestingly, Western blot analyses and activity assays demonstrated that ChAT levels significantly increased during DRG ontogenesis. The modulated expression of different ChAT and VAChT splice variants during development suggests a possible differential regulation of cholinergic marker expression in sensory neurons and confirms multiple roles for ACh in DRG neurons, both in the embryo stage and postnatally.
- Published
- 2021
17. Circulating CD137 + T Cell Levels Are Correlated with Response to Pembrolizumab Treatment in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients.
- Author
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Cirillo, Alessio, Zizzari, Ilaria Grazia, Botticelli, Andrea, Strigari, Lidia, Rahimi, Hassan, Scagnoli, Simone, Scirocchi, Fabio, Pernazza, Angelina, Pace, Angelica, Cerbelli, Bruna, d'Amati, Giulia, Marchetti, Paolo, Nuti, Marianna, Rughetti, Aurelia, and Napoletano, Chiara
- Subjects
PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors ,HEAD & neck cancer ,T cells ,CANCER patients ,PEMBROLIZUMAB ,SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma - Abstract
Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, has been approved as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ((R/M) HNSCC). However, only a minority of patients benefit from immunotherapy, which highlights the need to identify novel biomarkers to optimize treatment strategies. CD137
+ T cells have been identified as tumour-specific T cells correlated with immunotherapy responses in several solid tumours. In this study, we investigated the role of circulating CD137+ T cells in (R/M) HNSCC patients undergoing pembrolizumab treatment. PBMCs obtained from 40 (R/M) HNSCC patients with a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 were analysed at baseline via cytofluorimetry for the expression of CD137, and it was found that the percentage of CD3+ CD137+ cells is correlated with the clinical benefit rate (CBR), PFS, and OS. The results show that levels of circulating CD137+ T cells are significantly higher in responder patients than in non-responders (p = 0.03). Moreover, patients with CD3+ CD137+ percentage ≥1.65% had prolonged OS (p = 0.02) and PFS (p = 0.02). Multivariate analysis, on a combination of biological and clinical parameters, showed that high levels of CD3+ CD137+ cells (≥1.65%) and performance status (PS) = 0 are independent prognostic factors of PFS (CD137+ T cells, p = 0.007; PS, p = 0.002) and OS (CD137+ T cells, p = 0.006; PS, p = 0.001). Our results suggest that levels of circulating CD137+ T cells could serve as biomarkers for predicting the response of (R/M) HNSCC patients to pembrolizumab treatment, thus contributing to the success of anti-cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
18. The Effect of Anticoagulants on Early Implant Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
- Author
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Chaushu, Liat, Perez, Noa, Botticelli, Daniele, Xavier, Samuel Porfirio, Kolerman, Roni, and Masri, Daya
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DENTAL implants ,MAXILLOFACIAL surgery ,OSSEOINTEGRATION ,COHORT analysis ,ORAL surgery ,ANTICOAGULANTS ,OSSEOINTEGRATED dental implants ,MEDICAL centers - Abstract
Background: Anticoagulants (AC) are among the most often prescribed drugs in the world. Data regarding ACs' effect on the osseointegration of dental implants is lacking. Purpose: The aim of the present retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the effect of anticoagulants (AC) on early implant failure (EIF). The null hypothesis was that the use of AC increases the incidence of EIF. Materials and Methods: The research included 687 patients who underwent 2971 dental implant placements in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery in Rabin medical center, Beilinson hospital, by specialists in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The study group comprised 173 (25.2%) patients and 708 (23.8%) implants using AC. The rest of the cohort served as a control. A structured form was used to collect data at patient and implant level. EIF was defined as implant failure within a period of up to 12 months from loading. EIF was the primary outcome parameter. A logistic regression model was used to predict EIF. Results: Implants placed in individuals ≥ 80 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.34, p = 0.05), and ASA 2/3 vs. ASA 1 individuals (OR = 0.30, p = 0.02/OR = 0.33, p = 0.03, respectively) had decreased odds of EIF, and implants in those using anticoagulants (OR = 2.64, p = 0.01) had increased odds of EIF. At the patient level, the odds of EIF in ASA 3 (OR = 0.53, p = 0.02) and IHD (OR = 0.40, p = 0.02) individuals decreased. In AF/VF (OR = 2.95, p = 0.01) individuals, EIF odds increased. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, the use of AC is significantly associated with an increased likelihood of EIF: the OR was 2.64. Future research is required to validate and examine the prospective impact of AC on the osseointegration phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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19. Rheumatic Diseases Development in Patients Treated by Anti-PD1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Single-Centre Descriptive Study.
- Author
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Ceccarelli, Fulvia, Natalucci, Francesco, Picciariello, Licia, Olivieri, Giulio, Cirillo, Alessio, Gelibter, Alain, Picone, Vincenzo, Botticelli, Andrea, and Conti, Fabrizio
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IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,RHEUMATISM ,CONNECTIVE tissue diseases ,DRUG side effects ,SJOGREN'S syndrome ,CLINICS - Abstract
The introduction of the so-called immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) substantially changed the history of cancer therapy. On the other hand, they can induce the development of rheumatic immune-related adverse events (Rh-irAEs). In the scenario of a joint oncology/rheumatology outpatient clinic, we conducted a single-centre descriptive study to define from a laboratory, clinical and therapeutic point of view, rheumatic conditions developed during anti-PD1 treatment. The study included 32 patients (M/F 16/16, median age 69, IQR 16.5). According to the international classification criteria, eight patients could be classified as affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis, one by Psoriatic Arthritis, six by Polymyalgia Rheumatica, five by systemic connective tissue diseases (two systemic lupus erythematosus, two Sjögren's syndrome, one undifferentiated connective tissue disease). The remaining patients were diagnosed as having undifferentiated arthritis or inflammatory arthralgia. The median interval between ICIs starting and the onset of symptoms was 14 weeks (IQR 19.75). Moving to treatment, the longitudinal observation revealed that all RA, PsA and CTD patients required the introduction of treatment with DMARDs. In conclusion, the growing use of ICIs in a real-life setting confirmed the possible development of different rheumatological conditions, further emphasising the need for shared oncology/rheumatology management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The Association of Four Natural Molecules—EGCG, Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, and HA—To Counteract HPV Cervical Lesions: A Case Report.
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Grandi, Giovanni, Botticelli, Laura, Fraia, Pietro Di, Babalini, Carla, Masini, Meris, and Unfer, Vittorio
- Subjects
- *
HUMAN papillomavirus , *CERVIX uteri , *FOLIC acid , *EPIGALLOCATECHIN gallate , *VITAMIN B12 , *PRECANCEROUS conditions , *HYALURONIC acid - Abstract
Precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix, due to HPV infections, are still today a great medical challenge. This clinical case highlighted the effectiveness of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), vitamin B12, folic acid, and hyaluronic acid (HA) in counteracting HPV lesions in a 39-year-old patient with a long history of viral persistence, cervical lesions of various degree, and several unsuccessful surgical approaches. After eight weeks of treatment, both the histological and cytological analyses revealed only a chronic cervicitis without any malignant lesions or cellular dysplasia, thus reducing the urgency of an invasive surgery, a total hysterectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Effectiveness and Tolerability of a New Formulation of a Topical Anesthetic in Reduction of Pain and Parents' Satisfaction in Pediatric Dentistry.
- Author
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Ferrazzano, Gianmaria Fabrizio, Di Fabio, Giuseppe, Gatto, Roberto, Caruso, Sara, Botticelli, Gianluca, and Caruso, Silvia
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PARENT attitudes ,LIDOCAINE ,PAIN ,JUDGMENT (Psychology) ,SATISFACTION ,PRILOCAINE ,VISUAL analog scale ,MANN Whitney U Test ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,COMPARATIVE studies ,T-test (Statistics) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,PARENT-child relationships ,PEDIATRIC dentistry ,PHARMACEUTICAL chemistry ,STATISTICAL sampling ,DATA analysis software ,LOCAL anesthetics ,PAIN management - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to test a new topical anesthetic gel with a different formulation (10% lidocaine, 10% prilocaine) to analyze its effectiveness in pain control, during the subsequent injection of local anesthetic, and the presence of any side effects. Methods: The study's research design was a randomized controlled clinical trial on 300 children, aged 5–8 years, divided into two groups, each of 150 patients, according to pre-injection procedures (presence or absence of topical anesthesia). The injection pain was analyzed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (PRS) and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale (FLACC). At the end of the procedures, patients' parents' satisfaction was recorded. The data were analyzed using the Student's T test, Mann–Whitney U test and Chi-square test. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups both in the PRS and FLACC ratings. Both in subjective and objective pain evaluations, significantly higher pain ratings were observed in the group without topical anesthesia. There was also a statistically significant difference in terms of patients' parents' judgment, as in the group with the use of topical anesthetic the level of parental satisfaction is statistically higher. Conclusion: The experimental anesthetic has proved very effective in its use as a topical gel in both pain measurement scales, thus validating its use on the oral mucosa, for its pharmacological and psychological effect, in the total absence of local and systemic side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
22. Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge.
- Author
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Galati, Francesca, Magri, Valentina, Arias-Cadena, Paula Andrea, Moffa, Giuliana, Rizzo, Veronica, Pasculli, Marcella, Botticelli, Andrea, and Pediconi, Federica
- Subjects
BREAST cancer ,CANCER chemotherapy ,MATERNAL age ,MEDICAL literature ,AGE of onset - Abstract
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is commonly defined as a breast cancer occurring during pregnancy, throughout 1 year postpartum, or during lactation. Despite being a rare circumstance, PABC is one of the most common types of malignancies occurring during pregnancy and lactation, with growing incidence in developed countries, due both to decreasing age at onset of breast cancer and to increasing maternal age. Diagnosis and management of malignancy in the prenatal and postnatal settings are challenging for practitioners, as the structural and functional changes that the breast undergoes may be misleading for both the radiologist and the clinician. Furthermore, safety concerns for the mother and child, as well as psychological aspects in this unique and delicate condition, need to be constantly considered. In this comprehensive review, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of PABC (including surgery, chemotherapy and other systemic treatments, and radiotherapy) are presented and fully discussed, based on medical literature, current international clinical guidelines, and systematic practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Schneiderian Membrane Collateral Damage Caused by Collagenated and Non-Collagenated Xenografts: A Histological Study in Rabbits.
- Author
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Nakajima, Yasushi, Botticelli, Daniele, De Rossi, Ermenegildo Federico, Ferreira Balan, Vitor, Pires Godoy, Eduardo, Ricardo Silva, Erick, and Xavier, Samuel Porfirio
- Subjects
NASAL mucosa ,XENOGRAFTS ,RABBITS - Abstract
Background: The Schneiderian membrane (SM) that is in contact with biomaterial granules may become thinner and eventually perforate. It has been shown that these events are related to the biomaterial used. Hence, the main aim of the present study was to compare the damaging effects of two xenografts with different resorbability rates on SM. The secondary aim was to evaluate the possible protection from damage offered by a collagen membrane placed adjacent to the SM and by inward displacement of the bone window with the SM during elevation. Methods: Thirty-six albino New Zealand rabbits underwent bilateral sinus elevation. One group of 18 animals received deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM group) and the other received swine-collagenated corticocancellous bone (collagenated group). Moreover, in the DBBM group, the bone window was displaced inward during elevation in one sinus together with the SM. In the collagenated group, a collagen membrane was placed adjacent to the SM in one sinus. Six animals were assessed per period after 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Results: The mean pristine mucosa width ranged between 67 µm and 113 µm, and none had a width of <40 µm. In the 2-week group, the elevated mucosa of the DBBM group presented 59 thinned sites and five perforations, while in the collagenated group, 14 thinned sites and one perforation were observed. Damage to SM decreased in number in the 4-week treatment group. In the 8-week group, the number of thinned sites in the DBBM group increased to 124, and the perforations to 8. In the collagenated group, 7 thinned sites and 1 small perforation were observed. Conclusions: More damage to the Schneiderian membrane was observed in the DBBM group than in the collagenated group. The presence of the inward bone window offered protection from damage to the Schneiderian membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Dental implant failure risk in post oncological patients, a retrospective study and Sapienza Head and Neck Unit decisional protocol- 7 years of follow-up
- Author
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Edoardo Brauner, Valentino Valentini, Umberto Romeo, Marco Cantore, Federico Laudoni, Oriana Rajabtork Zadeh, Valeria Formisano, Andrea Cassoni, Marco Della Monaca, Andrea Battisti, Silvia Mezi, Alessio Cirillo, Francesca De Felice, Andrea Botticelli, Vincenzo Tombolini, Marco De Vincentiis, Andrea Colizza, Gianluca Tenore, Antonella Polimeni, and Stefano Di Carlo
- Subjects
decisional protocol ,postoncological patients ,dental implant risk failure ,Clinical Biochemistry - Abstract
(1) Background: Patients with head and neck cancer are treated by ablative surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. The side effects of cancer therapies can compromise conventional prosthesis rehabilitation; therefore, dental implants can result in a more effective solution. The aim of the study is to explain how to rehabilitate a patient that underwent head and neck cancer therapy. (2) Methods: This retrospective study conducted from 2015 to 2021 included 223 postoncological patients, aged between 32 and 80 years old. Eighteen patients did not proceed with any treatment, and two died. Therefore, 203 patients have been analyzed and rehabilitated following our decisional protocol, with a mean period of follow-up of 4 years. The implant placement was considered successful when a mean bone loss of 1.6 mm for the first year and a mean of 0.13 mm in subsequent years occurred (3) Results: A total of 161 patients were rehabilitated with a conventional prosthesis, 42 patients (F:M ratio 19:23) with an implant-supported prosthesis and a total of 200 implants were placed; 9 implants were lost (4.5% of 200 implants). Conclusions: The results confirmed that by following our protocol it is possible to obtain an acceptable rate of implant survival, considering the delicacy and complexity of post-oncological patients.
- Published
- 2022
25. Oral immune-related adverse events associated with PD-1 inhibitor treatment: a case series
- Author
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Daniele Pergolini, Andrea Botticelli, Roberta Fascetti, Federica Rocchetti, Alessio Cirillo, Gianluca Tenore, Gaspare Palaia, Antonella Polimeni, and Umberto Romeo
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,oral lesions ,General Engineering ,oral adverse events ,cancer therapy ,General Materials Science ,immunotherapy ,oral disease ,Instrumentation ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
Introduction: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) drugs have led to a revolution in the treatment of different forms of cancer, shifting the target of action from cancer cells to the patient’s immune system, enhancing their responses against the tumor itself. On the other hand, this mechanism can lead to responses against oneself, with the appearance of immune-related adverse events. The aim of the present study was to examine the immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and the possible correlation between these and skin toxicities, which are reported in the literature as the most common adverse events. Materials and methods: Thirteen patients treated with anti-Programmed Death (PD-1) drugs (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and cemiplimab) were selected. The data collected include the general history of the patient and the type of anticancer treatment. The sample was then analyzed by recording the alterations found on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and on the skin. Finally, the average time that elapsed between the start of immunotherapy and the onset of lesions was analyzed. Results: Patients often had multiple lesions at the same time. Hyperkeratosis was found in three patients, candidiasis (pseudomembranous and median rhomboid glossitis) in two patients, epithelial atrophy in four patients, and ulcerative areas in two patients. One patient reported xerostomia with dysphagia. The anatomical areas most involved were the dorsal tongue and palate. Skin irAEs included skin rash erythema (n = 7) with diffuse redness, the presence of small bubbles with a crusty outcome, and dryness of the skin in the affected areas. Discussion: In the literature, there are few studies that analyze how irAEs affect the mucous membranes of the oral cavity in patients treated with ICI drugs. The most frequently described lesions are lichenoid reactions and xerostomia. Moreover, the development of mucositis, generally of low grade, has been reported. The present study has confirmed the data from the literature and, in addition, reports two cases of candidiasis, an adverse event that has never been shown in the literature. Conclusions: irAEs have the potential to affect any organ. The only way to avoid the occurrence of serious events that is currently available is early interception, which is only possible through the knowledge of these manifestations. It is therefore considered necessary to deepen our knowledge of oral irAEs and their correlation with dermatological toxicities, allowing for a multidisciplinary classification of the patient and a timely diagnosis of any adverse event and avoiding progression to more advanced stages, which could lead to the temporary or permanent suspension of anticancer drugs.
- Published
- 2022
26. Correction: Omori et al. Sinus Mucosal Damage Triggered by Synthetic or Xenogeneic Bone Substitutes: A Histological Analysis in Rabbits. J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13 , 257.
- Author
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Omori, Yuki, Botticelli, Daniele, Migani, Stefano, Ferreira Balan, Vitor, Pires Godoy, Eduardo, and Xavier, Samuel Porfirio
- Subjects
BONE substitutes ,RABBITS ,TOLUIDINE blue ,BONE growth - Abstract
This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Sinus Mucosal Damage Triggered by Synthetic or Xenogeneic Bone Substitutes: A Histological Analysis in Rabbits" published in the Journal of Functional Biomaterials. The correction addresses errors in Figure 1 and its legend in the original publication. The authors state that the scientific conclusions of the paper remain unaffected. The correction has been approved by the Academic Editor and the original publication has been updated. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
27. Oral Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with PD-1 Inhibitor Treatment: A Case Series.
- Author
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Pergolini, Daniele, Botticelli, Andrea, Fascetti, Roberta, Rocchetti, Federica, Cirillo, Alessio, Tenore, Gianluca, Palaia, Gaspare, Polimeni, Antonella, and Romeo, Umberto
- Subjects
DRUG side effects ,NANOMEDICINE ,PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors ,IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,CEMIPLIMAB ,EXANTHEMA - Abstract
Introduction: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) drugs have led to a revolution in the treatment of different forms of cancer, shifting the target of action from cancer cells to the patient's immune system, enhancing their responses against the tumor itself. On the other hand, this mechanism can lead to responses against oneself, with the appearance of immune-related adverse events. The aim of the present study was to examine the immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and the possible correlation between these and skin toxicities, which are reported in the literature as the most common adverse events. Materials and methods: Thirteen patients treated with anti-Programmed Death (PD-1) drugs (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and cemiplimab) were selected. The data collected include the general history of the patient and the type of anticancer treatment. The sample was then analyzed by recording the alterations found on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and on the skin. Finally, the average time that elapsed between the start of immunotherapy and the onset of lesions was analyzed. Results: Patients often had multiple lesions at the same time. Hyperkeratosis was found in three patients, candidiasis (pseudomembranous and median rhomboid glossitis) in two patients, epithelial atrophy in four patients, and ulcerative areas in two patients. One patient reported xerostomia with dysphagia. The anatomical areas most involved were the dorsal tongue and palate. Skin irAEs included skin rash erythema (n = 7) with diffuse redness, the presence of small bubbles with a crusty outcome, and dryness of the skin in the affected areas. Discussion: In the literature, there are few studies that analyze how irAEs affect the mucous membranes of the oral cavity in patients treated with ICI drugs. The most frequently described lesions are lichenoid reactions and xerostomia. Moreover, the development of mucositis, generally of low grade, has been reported. The present study has confirmed the data from the literature and, in addition, reports two cases of candidiasis, an adverse event that has never been shown in the literature. Conclusions: irAEs have the potential to affect any organ. The only way to avoid the occurrence of serious events that is currently available is early interception, which is only possible through the knowledge of these manifestations. It is therefore considered necessary to deepen our knowledge of oral irAEs and their correlation with dermatological toxicities, allowing for a multidisciplinary classification of the patient and a timely diagnosis of any adverse event and avoiding progression to more advanced stages, which could lead to the temporary or permanent suspension of anticancer drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Sinus Mucosal Damage Triggered by Synthetic or Xenogeneic Bone Substitutes: A Histological Analysis in Rabbits.
- Author
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Omori, Yuki, Botticelli, Daniele, Migani, Stefano, Ferreira Balan, Vitor, Pires Godoy, Eduardo, and Xavier, Samuel Porfirio
- Subjects
BONE substitutes ,RABBITS ,NASAL mucosa ,BONE grafting ,MUCOUS membranes - Abstract
Background: It has been shown in rabbit models that the sinus mucosa in contact with graft particles might experience a progressive thinning and perforations. The phenomenon depends on the graft used. Hence, the aim of the present study was to compare the damaging effects of a synthetic of a xenogeneic graft. Methods: Forty New Zealand rabbits received a bilateral sinus elevation. Both sinuses of twenty rabbits were grafted with a biphasic 60% hydroxyapatite and 40% β-tricalcium phosphate while the other twenty received a deproteinized bovine bone mineral graft. Thinned sites (<40 µm) and perforations on the mucosa in contact with graft particles were evaluated after 2 and 10 weeks (ten animals each period). The width of the pseudostratified epithelium was also measured as control. Results: After 2 weeks of healing, 61 thinned sites were detected in the Synthetic group and 49 in the Xenogeneic group. After 10 weeks, the number of thinned mucosae increased to 79 sites in the Synthetic group (p = 0.222 between periods), and to 114 sites in the Xenogeneic group (p = 0.030 between groups; p = 0.001 between periods). Perforations were few in the 2-week period, two in two sinuses out of 20 in the Synthetic group, and four in two sinuses out of 20 in the Xenogeneic group (p = 0.721). In the 10-week period, the perforations increased to eight in the Synthetic group, distributed in six sinuses out of 20, and to sixteen in the Xenogeneic group, distributed in 11 sinuses out of 20 (p = 0.082). The pseudostratified epithelium presented a reduced width at the thinned sites. Conclusions: The contact with synthetic or xenogeneic grafts will induce thinning and possible perforations of the sinus mucosa. This effect will increase over time, and it is stronger at the xenogeneic than the synthetic graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Endocannabinoid System Regulation in Female Rats with Recurrent Episodes of Binge Eating.
- Author
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Pucci, Mariangela, D'Addario, Claudio, Micioni Di Bonaventura, Emanuela, Mercante, Francesca, Annunzi, Eugenia, Fanti, Federico, Sergi, Manuel, Botticelli, Luca, Einaudi, Giacomo, Cifani, Carlo, and Micioni Di Bonaventura, Maria Vittoria
- Subjects
BINGE-eating disorder ,INGESTION ,CANNABINOID receptors ,GENETIC transcription regulation ,EATING disorders ,GENE expression ,BETAINE - Abstract
Recurrent Binge Eating (BE) episodes characterize several eating disorders. Here, we attempted to reassemble a condition closer to BE disorder, and we analyzed whether recurrent episodes might evoke molecular alterations in the hypothalamus of rats. The hypothalamus is a brain region which is sensitive to stress and relevant in motivated behaviors, such as food intake. A well-characterized animal model of BE, in which a history of intermittent food restriction and stress induce binge-like palatable food consumption, was used to analyze the transcriptional regulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). We detected, in rats showing the BE behavior, an up-regulated gene expression of cannabinoid type-1 receptor (CB1), sn-1-specific diacylglycerol lipase, as well as fatty acid amide hydrolase (Faah) and monoacylglycerol lipase. A selective reduction in DNA methylation was also observed at the promoter of Faah, which is consistent with the changes in the gene expression. Moreover, BE behavior in rats was associated with an increase in anandamide (AEA) levels. Our findings support the relevant role of the ECS in the regulation of food intake in rats subjected to repeated BE episodes, and, in particular, on AEA signaling, acting via CB1 and FAAH modulation. Notably, the epigenetic regulation of the Faah gene might suggest this enzyme as a possible target for developing new therapeutical approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Soluble PD-L1 as a Prognostic Factor for Immunotherapy Treatment in Solid Tumors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Scirocchi, Fabio, Strigari, Lidia, Di Filippo, Alessandra, Napoletano, Chiara, Pace, Angelica, Rahimi, Hassan, Botticelli, Andrea, Rughetti, Aurelia, Nuti, Marianna, and Zizzari, Ilaria Grazia
- Subjects
PROGRAMMED death-ligand 1 ,PROGNOSIS ,TUMOR treatment ,IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,IMMUNOTHERAPY ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,PROGRESSION-free survival - Abstract
Blocking the Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) axis has demonstrated great efficacy in cancer immunotherapy treatment and remains the central modality of immune targeting. To support the rational and tailored use of these drugs, it is important to identify reliable biomarkers related to survival. The role of the soluble form of the PD-L1 (sPD-L1) as a prognostic biomarker related to survival in solid cancer patients treated with immunotherapy has not yet been consistently evaluated. A systematic literature search of original articles in PubMed, MEDLINE and Scopus was conducted. Studies reporting hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) or Kaplan–Meier curves or individual patient data for overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) associated with baseline levels of sPD-L1 in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy treatment were considered eligible. Twelve studies involving 1076 patients and different tumor types treated with immunotherapy were included in the analysis. High blood levels of sPD-L1 correlated with poorer OS and PFS in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy (HR = 1.49, 95%CI: 1.15, 1.93, p < 0.01, I
2 = 77% for OS; HR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.20, 2.12, p < 0.01, I2 = 82% for PFS). A subgroup analysis highlighted that high levels of sPD-L1 were associated with worse survival in patients affected by NSCLC (HR = 1.81 95%CI: 1.09–3.00, p = 0.02, I2 = 83% for OS; HR = 2.18, 95%CI: 1.27–3.76, p < 0.01, I2 = 88% for PFS). An HR > 1 indicated that patients with low levels of sPD-L1 have the highest rates of OS/PFS. In this meta-analysis, we clarified the role of sPD-L1 in different solid cancers treated exclusively with Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). sPD-L1 could represent a non-invasive biomarker that is easily dosable in the blood of patients. The pooled data from the selected studies showed that a high circulating concentration of sPD-L1 in cancer patients correlates with worse survival, suggesting that it may be a helpful prognostic biomarker for the selection of cancer patients before immunotherapy, thus improving the efficacy of ICIs and avoiding unnecessary treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Precision Medicine in Breast Cancer: Do MRI Biomarkers Identify Patients Who Truly Benefit from the Oncotype DX Recurrence Score ® Test?
- Author
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Galati, Francesca, Magri, Valentina, Moffa, Giuliana, Rizzo, Veronica, Botticelli, Andrea, Cortesi, Enrico, and Pediconi, Federica
- Subjects
INDIVIDUALIZED medicine ,BREAST cancer ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,TEST scoring - Abstract
The aim of this study was to combine breast MRI-derived biomarkers with clinical-pathological parameters to identify patients who truly need an Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score
® (ODXRS) genomic assay, currently used to predict the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in ER-positive/HER2-negative early breast cancer, with the ultimate goal of customizing therapeutic decisions while reducing healthcare costs. Patients who underwent a preoperative multiparametric MRI of the breast and ODXRS tumor profiling were retrospectively included in this study. Imaging sets were evaluated independently by two breast radiologists and classified according to the 2013 American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR BI-RADS) lexicon. In a second step of the study, a combined oncologic and radiologic assessment based on clinical-pathological and radiological data was performed, in order to identify patients who may need adjuvant chemotherapy. Results were correlated with risk levels expressed by ODXRS, using the decision made on the basis of the ODXRS test as a gold standard. The χ2 test was used to evaluate associations between categorical variables, and significant ones were further investigated using logistic regression analyses. A total of 58 luminal-like, early-stage breast cancers were included. A positive correlation was found between ODXRS and tumor size (p = 0.003), staging (p = 0.001) and grading (p = 0.005), and between BI-RADS categories and ODXRS (p < 0.05 for both readers), the latter being confirmed at multivariate regression analysis. Moreover, BI-RADS categories proved to be positive predictors of the therapeutic decision taken after performing an ODXRS assay. A statistically significant association was also found between the therapeutic decision based on the ODXRS and the results of combined onco-radiologic assessment (p < 0.001). Our study suggests that there is a correlation between BI-RADS categories at MRI and ODXRS and that a combined onco-radiological assessment may predict the decision made on the basis of the results of ODXRS genomic test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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32. Genomic and Immune Approach in Platinum Refractory HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Immunotherapy: A Novel Combined Profile.
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Mezi, Silvia, Pomati, Giulia, Zizzari, Ilaria Grazia, Di Filippo, Alessandra, Cerbelli, Bruna, Cirillo, Alessio, Fiscon, Giulia, Amirhassankhani, Sasan, Valentini, Valentino, De Vincentiis, Marco, Corsi, Alessandro, Di Gioia, Cira, Tombolini, Vincenzo, Della Rocca, Carlo, Polimeni, Antonella, Nuti, Marianna, Marchetti, Paolo, and Botticelli, Andrea
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HEAD & neck cancer ,SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma ,CYCLIN-dependent kinases ,IMMUNE checkpoint proteins ,GENE amplification ,PLATINUM ,CETUXIMAB ,IMMUNOTHERAPY - Abstract
Introduction: Only a minority of patients with platinum refractory head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (PR/HNSCC) gain some lasting benefit from immunotherapy. Methods: The combined role of the comprehensive genomic (through the FoundationOne Cdx test) and immune profiles of 10 PR/HNSCC patients treated with the anti-PD-1 nivolumab was evaluated. The immune profiles were studied both at baseline and at the second cycle of immunotherapy, weighing 20 circulating cytokines/chemokines, adhesion molecules, and 14 soluble immune checkpoints dosed through a multiplex assay. A connectivity map was obtained by calculating the Spearman correlation between the expression profiles of circulating molecules. Results: Early progression occurred in five patients, each of them showing TP53 alteration and three of them showing a mutation/loss/amplification of genes involved in the cyclin-dependent kinase pathway. In addition, ERB2 amplification (1 patient), BRCA1 mutation (1 patient), and NOTCH1 genes alteration (3 patients) occurred. Five patients achieved either stable disease or partial response. Four of them carried mutations in PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathways. In the only two patients, with a long response to immunotherapy, the tumor mutational burden (TMB) was high. Moreover, a distinct signature, in terms of network connectivity of the circulating soluble molecules, characterizing responder and non-responder patients, was evidenced. Moreover, a strong negative and statistically significant (p-value ≤ 0.05) correlation with alive status was evidenced for sE-selectin at T1. Conclusions: Our results highlighted the complexity and heterogeneity of HNSCCs, even though it was in a small cohort. Molecular and immune approaches, combined in a single profile, could represent a promising strategy, in the context of precision immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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33. Osteoconductivity of Bovine Xenograft Granules of Different Sizes in Sinus Lift: A Histomorphometric Study in Rabbits
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Eduardo Godoy, Samuel Porfírio Xavier, Daniele Botticelli, Andrea Amaroli, Karol Alí Apaza Alccayhuaman, Vitor Ferreira Balan, and Erick Ricardo Silva
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Maxillary sinus ,Sinus lift ,Dentistry ,Bone healing ,osteoconductivity ,Article ,histology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animal study ,Collagen membrane ,Histology ,Mor-phometry ,Osteoconductivity ,Sinus floor elevation ,Xenograft ,Bone formation ,ENXERTO ÓSSEO ,xenograft ,General Dentistry ,Sinus (anatomy) ,business.industry ,Chemistry ,Granule (cell biology) ,collagen membrane ,RK1-715 ,030206 dentistry ,animal study ,Bovine bone ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,sinus floor elevation ,bone healing ,business ,morphometry - Abstract
Background: Due to the lack of data on bone-to-graft contact (BGC) over time in the various regions within the subantral space of the augmented sinus floor, the present study aimed to evaluate the osteoconductivity of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) with granules of different sizes applied in maxillary sinus floor elevation. Methods: A maxillary sinus augmentation was performed bilaterally in 18 rabbits using DBBM with particle dimensions of either 0.125–1.0 mm or 1–2 mm. The antrostomy was covered using a collagen barrier. The animals were euthanized in groups of six after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of healing. MicroCT and histological analyses were performed. Results: After 2 weeks of healing, BGC was 10.9% and 11.9% for the small and large granule sites, respectively. After 8 weeks of healing, the BGC increased to 65% and 62% at the small and large granule sites, respectively. The highest values were located close to the bony walls and the bony window. New bone content developed between 2 and 8 weeks from 7.0% to 27.6% and from 6.1% to 27.6% at the small and large granule sites, respectively. Conclusions: Similar outcomes in osteoconductivity and bone formation were found at both small and large DBBM granule sites.
- Published
- 2021
34. How to Best Exploit Immunotherapeutics in Advanced Gastric Cancer: Between Biomarkers and Novel Cell-Based Approaches
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Dario Trapani, Michele Ghidini, Andrea Botticelli, Angelica Petrillo, Shelize Khakoo, Anna La Salvia, Nicola Fusco, Roberto Piciotti, Alessandro Parisi, and Elham Sajjadi
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,tumor mutational burden ,Medicina ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,lcsh:Medicine ,Disease ,Review ,Epstein Barr Virus ,Oncología ,immune checkpoint inhibitors ,predictive biomarkers ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,education ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes ,gastric cancer ,lcsh:R ,Cancer ,Microsatellite instability ,General Medicine ,Immunotherapy ,vaccines ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,CAR T cell therapy ,DNA mismatch repair ,microsatellite instability ,business - Abstract
Despite extensive research efforts, advanced gastric cancer still has a dismal prognosis with conventional treatment options. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment landscape for many solid tumors. Amongst gastric cancer subtypes, tumors with microsatellite instability and Epstein Barr Virus positive tumors provide the strongest rationale for responding to immunotherapy. Various predictive biomarkers such as mismatch repair status, programmed death ligand 1 expression, tumor mutational burden, assessment of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and circulating biomarkers have been evaluated. However, results have been inconsistent due to different methodologies and thresholds used. Clinical implementation therefore remains a challenge. The role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer is emerging with data from monotherapy in the heavily pre-treated population already available and studies in earlier disease settings with different combinatorial approaches in progress. Immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations with chemotherapy (CT), anti-angiogenics, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anti-Her2 directed therapy, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors or dual checkpoint inhibitor strategies are being explored. Moreover, novel strategies including vaccines and CAR T cell therapy are also being trialed. Here we provide an update on predictive biomarkers for response to immunotherapy with an overview of their strengths and limitations. We discuss clinical trials that have been reported and trials in progress whilst providing an account of future steps needed to improve outcome in this lethal disease.
- Published
- 2021
35. Lime production in the Late Chalcolithic period: the case of Arslantepe (Eastern Anatolia)
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Samah Alkhasoneh, Francesca Balossi Restelli, Caterina De Vito, Michela Botticelli, Gabriele Favero, Silvano Mignardi, Luca Marinacci, and Laura Medeghini
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010506 paleontology ,Archeology ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,mortar ,lime ,plaster ,Late Chalcolithic ,Anatolia ,monumental architecture ,Conservation ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,0601 history and archaeology ,lcsh:CC1-960 ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Lime ,060102 archaeology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Chalcolithic ,Archaeology ,engineering ,Period (geology) ,lcsh:Archaeology ,Mortar ,Geology - Abstract
Plaster and mortar samples from Arslantepe (Turkey) hold potential to provide unique information about the lime production and adhibition during the Late Chalcolithic period (4th millennium BCE). A multi-analytical approach including polarized light microscopy (PLM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) has been applied to characterize mortar samples from temple C and elite residences dated back to the late Chalcolithic 3&ndash, 4 (3800&ndash, 3400 BCE). A marly limestone has been identified as starting raw material for the lime production, probably coming from two different sources (local and brought from a different part of the Malatya plain). Moreover, different aggregate selection and the use of different production techniques were also detected in the samples, which are probably related to the function of the buildings. Evidence of a re-plastering process was also detected in the two elite houses, which probably refers to a routine maintenance process.
- Published
- 2021
36. A Regional Survey on Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Plea for Uniform Patient Journey Modeling and Diagnostic–Therapeutic Pathway.
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Roberto, Michela, Botticelli, Andrea, Caggiati, Alessio, Chiriatti, Alberto, Della Rocca, Carlo, Ferraresi, Virginia, Musicco, Felice, Pellacani, Giovanni, and Marchetti, Paolo
- Subjects
- *
MERKEL cell carcinoma , *DIAGNOSIS , *IMMUNOSUPPRESSION , *IMMUNOTHERAPY , *PROGNOSIS - Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine cancer that usually affects the elderly and immunosuppressed in sun-exposed areas. Due to its rarity, it is frequently unrecognized, and its management is not standardized across medical centers, despite the more recent availability of immunotherapy, with avelumab as first-line treatment improving the prognosis even in advanced stages of disease. We conducted a purpose-designed survey of a selected sample of physicians working in the Lazio region, in Italy, to assess their awareness and knowledge of MCC as well as their perspective on assisted diagnostic and therapeutic pathways. The Lazio region, and in particular Rome, is one of the most important academic and non- academic center in Italy dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer. A total of 368 doctors (including 100 general practitioners, 72 oncologists, 87 dermatologists, 59 surgeons, and 50 anatomopathologists) agreed to be part of this survey. Surgeons, oncologists, and dermatologists thought themselves significantly more updated on MCC than primary care physicians, but more than half of the interviewees are interested in CCM training courses and training with clearer and more standardized care pathways. Significant differences have been reported from survey participants in terms of multidisciplinary team set up for MCC management. The identification of specialized centers and the improvement of communication pathways among different specialties, as well as between patients and physicians, could be very beneficial in improving patients' journey modeling and starting a uniform diagnostic and therapeutic pathway for MCC patients in the new era of immunotherapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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37. Evaluation of Bone Response to a Nano HA Implant Surface on Sinus Lifting Procedures: Study in Rabbits.
- Author
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Martins, Sergio H. L., Cadore, Uislen B., Novaes Jr., Arthur B., Messora, Michel R., Ghiraldini, Bruna, Bezerra, Fabio J. B., Botticelli, Daniele, and de Souza, Sergio L. S.
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SINUS augmentation ,RABBITS ,REPAIRING ,GUIDED bone regeneration ,BONE growth - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone response to two different implant surfaces on sinus lift procedures in rabbits. Bilateral sinus lifting with inorganic bovine bone associated with collagen membrane and immediate implantation were performed in 16 rabbits. Custom mini-implants were randomly installed in the prepared sites: one side received a double acid-etched (DAE) surface and the other a nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA) surface. The animals were euthanized 30 and 60 days after surgery, and biopsies were collected for microtomographic and histomorphometric analysis. After 30 days, no intra- and inter-group statistical differences were observed in microtomographic analysis, while at 60 days, bone analysis showed statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.05) for all the evaluated parameters. Histomorphometric analysis showed, after 30 days, mean % of Bone-to-Implant Contact (BIC) for DAE and NHA of 31.70 ± 10.42% vs. 40.60 ± 10.22% (p > 0.05), respectively; for % of Bone Area Fraction Occupancy (BAFO), mean values were 45.43 ± 3.597% for DAE and 57.04 ± 5.537% for NHA (p < 0.05). After 60 days, mean %BIC and %BAFO for DAE and NHA implants were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The NHA surface showed superior biological features compared to the DAE treatment, promoting higher bone formation around the implants in an experimental model of bone repair in a grafted area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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38. Dental Implant Failure Risk in Post Oncological Patients, a Retrospective Study and Sapienza Head and Neck Unit Decisional Protocol- 7 Years of Follow-Up.
- Author
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Brauner, Edoardo, Valentini, Valentino, Romeo, Umberto, Cantore, Marco, Laudoni, Federico, Rajabtork Zadeh, Oriana, Formisano, Valeria, Cassoni, Andrea, Della Monaca, Marco, Battisti, Andrea, Mezi, Silvia, Cirillo, Alessio, De Felice, Francesca, Botticelli, Andrea, Tombolini, Vincenzo, De Vincentiis, Marco, Colizza, Andrea, Tenore, Gianluca, Polimeni, Antonella, and Di Carlo, Stefano
- Subjects
CANCER patients ,DENTAL implants ,HEAD & neck cancer ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,BRIDGES (Dentistry) - Abstract
(1) Background: Patients with head and neck cancer are treated by ablative surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. The side effects of cancer therapies can compromise conventional prosthesis rehabilitation; therefore, dental implants can result in a more effective solution. The aim of the study is to explain how to rehabilitate a patient that underwent head and neck cancer therapy. (2) Methods: This retrospective study conducted from 2015 to 2021 included 223 postoncological patients, aged between 32 and 80 years old. Eighteen patients did not proceed with any treatment, and two died. Therefore, 203 patients have been analyzed and rehabilitated following our decisional protocol, with a mean period of follow-up of 4 years. The implant placement was considered successful when a mean bone loss of 1.6 mm for the first year and a mean of 0.13 mm in subsequent years occurred (3) Results: A total of 161 patients were rehabilitated with a conventional prosthesis, 42 patients (F:M ratio 19:23) with an implant-supported prosthesis and a total of 200 implants were placed; 9 implants were lost (4.5% of 200 implants). Conclusions: The results confirmed that by following our protocol it is possible to obtain an acceptable rate of implant survival, considering the delicacy and complexity of post-oncological patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Clinical and Histological Healing after Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation.
- Author
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Botticelli, Daniele
- Subjects
MAXILLARY sinus ,HEALING ,SINUS augmentation ,OPERATIVE surgery ,NASAL mucosa ,BONE substitutes - Abstract
Sinus floor elevation is a surgical procedure that allows for the insertion of the implant in the posterior region of the maxilla in case of insufficient volume of native bone. Several studies have reported a high success rate, and this has helped to spread this surgical procedure around the world. The subject has been extensively studied and this could lead researchers to think that no new scientific evidence can be provided. However, new ideas and discoveries show that research never reaches a conclusion, and that new information can be added all the time. This collection aimed to provide new evidence that could be added to daily clinical work and to provide new ideas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Influence on Implant Bone Healing of a Collagen Membrane Placed Subjacent the Sinus Mucosa—A Randomized Clinical Trial on Sinus Floor Elevation.
- Author
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Morimoto, Akihiro, Kobayashi, Nobuhiro, Ferri, Mauro, Iezzi, Giovanna, Piattelli, Adriano, Fortich Mesa, Natalia, and Botticelli, Daniele
- Subjects
CLINICAL trials ,MUCOUS membranes ,NASAL mucosa ,COLLAGEN ,HEALING - Abstract
Background: Perforation of the sinus mucosa is quite a frequent complication that might occur during sinus floor elevation. The perforation is often protected with a collagen membrane to avoid the extrusion of graft particles within the sinus. However, this procedure might hinder the innate osteogenic potential of the sinus mucosa. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of a placement of a collagen membrane subjacent the Schneiderian membrane during sinus floor elevation on implant bone healing. Methods: Twenty volunteers took part in the trial. Ten were randomly included in the group that received a collagen membrane subjacent the sinus mucosa (Mb group), and ten did not receive the membrane (non-Mb group). A collagenated corticocancellous porcine bone was used to fill the elevated space. Six 6 months after the sinus floor elevation, a mini implant was placed transcrestally and retrieved after a further 3 months. Histological analyses were then performed on the full body of the mini implant as well as on its coronal and apical portions. Results: The new bone apposition proportion onto the implant surface was similar in the Mb and non-Mb groups, both in the apical and coronal portions of the mini implants. A lesser amount of graft was found in contact with the surface. New bone density around the mini implants were similar both in the apical and coronal portions. However, a statistically higher proportion of graft particles was found in the Mb group compared to the non-membrane group. Conclusions: The placement of a collagen membrane subjacent the sinus mucosa did not affect bone healing at implants and bone density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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41. Renal Function Outcomes in Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients Treated with Chemotherapy or Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Unexpected Scenario.
- Author
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Trevisani, Francesco, Di Marco, Federico, Floris, Matteo, Pani, Antonello, Minnei, Roberto, Scartozzi, Mario, Cirillo, Alessio, Gelibter, Alain, Botticelli, Andrea, Rijavec, Erika, Cattaneo, Monica, Garrone, Ornella, and Ghidini, Michele
- Subjects
IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,NON-small-cell lung carcinoma ,IPILIMUMAB ,KIDNEY physiology ,RENAL replacement therapy ,NEPHROTOXICOLOGY - Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) are effective therapeutic agents for the palliative treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); the aim of our study was to investigate the acute and chronic renal toxicities in this setting. We collected data on 292 patients who received cisplatin (35%), carboplatin-based regimens (25%), or ICI monotherapy (40%). The primary and secondary outcomes were compared to the acute kidney injury (AKI) rate and the mean estimated GFR (eGFR) decay between groups, respectively, over a mean follow-up duration of 15 weeks. We observed 26 AKI events (8.9%), mostly stage I AKI (80.7%); 15% were stage II AKI, 3.8% were stage III, and none required renal replacement therapy or ICU admission. The AKI rates were 10.9%, 6.8%, and 8.9% for the cisplatin, carboplatin, and ICI groups, respectively, and no significant differences were observed between the groups (p = 0.3). A global mean eGFR decay of 2.2 mL/min was observed, while for the cisplatin, carboplatin, and ICI groups, the eGFR decay values were 2.3 mL/min, 1.1 mL/min, and 3.5 mL/min, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the groups. Cisplatin/carboplatin-based CT and ICIs resulted in a similar incidence of AKI and eGFR decay, suggesting the safety of their cautious use, even in CKD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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42. Underlying Susceptibility to Eating Disorders and Drug Abuse: Genetic and Pharmacological Aspects of Dopamine D4 Receptors
- Author
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Emanuela Micioni Di Bonaventura, Alessandro Piergentili, Fabio Del Bello, Adele Romano, Carlo Cifani, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Gianfabio Giorgioni, Wilma Quaglia, and Luca Botticelli
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) ,obesity ,Dopamine ,Review ,Minisatellite Repeats ,eating behavior ,7-repeat allele ,DRD4 agonist ,DRD4 antagonist ,drug addiction ,food addiction ,prefrontal cortex ,reward ,alleles ,animals ,brain ,dopamine ,exons ,feeding and eating Disorders ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Humans ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Receptors, Dopamine D4 ,Substance-Related Disorders ,0302 clinical medicine ,Receptors ,Prefrontal cortex ,Receptor ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Brain ,Exons ,Substance abuse ,Eating disorders ,Variable number tandem repeat ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,medicine.drug ,Food addiction ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Feeding and Eating Disorders ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetic ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Dopamine D4 ,Animals ,Polymorphism ,Allele ,Alleles ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Food Science - Abstract
The dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) has a predominant expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), brain area strictly involved in the modulation of reward processes related to both food and drug consumption. Additionally, the human DRD4 gene is characterized by a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in the exon 3 and, among the polymorphic variants, the 7-repeat (7R) allele appears as a contributing factor in the neurobiological mechanisms underlying drug abuse, aberrant eating behaviors and related comorbidities. The 7R variant encodes for a receptor with a blunted intracellular response to dopamine, and carriers of this polymorphism might be more tempted to enhance dopamine levels in the brain, through the overconsumption of drugs of abuse or palatable food, considering their reinforcing properties. Moreover, the presence of this polymorphism seems to increase the susceptibility of individuals to engage maladaptive eating patterns in response to negative environmental stimuli. This review is focused on the role of DRD4 and DRD4 genetic polymorphism in these neuropsychiatric disorders in both clinical and preclinical studies. However, further research is needed to better clarify the complex DRD4 role, by using validated preclinical models and novel compounds more selective for DRD4.
- Published
- 2020
43. Definition of High-Risk Early Hormone-Positive HER2−Negative Breast Cancer: A Consensus Review.
- Author
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Garutti, Mattia, Griguolo, Gaia, Botticelli, Andrea, Buzzatti, Giulia, De Angelis, Carmine, Gerratana, Lorenzo, Molinelli, Chiara, Adamo, Vincenzo, Bianchini, Giampaolo, Biganzoli, Laura, Curigliano, Giuseppe, De Laurentiis, Michelino, Fabi, Alessandra, Frassoldati, Antonio, Gennari, Alessandra, Marchiò, Caterina, Perrone, Francesco, Viale, Giuseppe, Zamagni, Claudio, and Zambelli, Alberto
- Subjects
CANCER chemotherapy ,CANCER relapse ,GENOMICS ,HORMONE receptor positive breast cancer ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Simple Summary: Breast cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Despite recent improvements in adjuvant treatment of hormone receptor-positive/HER2−negative breast cancer, estimating the risk of relapse of breast cancer on an individual basis is still challenging. The IRIDE (high risk definition in breast cancer) working group was established with the aim of reviewing evidence from the literature to synthesize the current relevant features that predict hormone-positive/HER2−negative early breast cancer relapse. This work may guide clinicians in the practical management of hormone-positive/HER2−negative early breast cancers. Breast cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. During the past three decades, several improvements in the adjuvant treatment of hormone receptor-positive/HER2−negative breast cancer have been achieved with the introduction of optimized adjuvant chemotherapy and endocrine treatment. However, estimating the risk of relapse of breast cancer on an individual basis is still challenging. The IRIDE (hIGh Risk DEfinition in breast cancer) working group was established with the aim of reviewing evidence from the literature to synthesize the current relevant features that predict hormone-positive/HER2−negative early breast cancer relapse. A panel of experts in breast cancer was involved in identifying clinical, pathological, morphological, and genetic factors. A RAND consensus method was used to define the relevance of each risk factor. Among the 21 features included, 12 were considered relevant risk factors for relapse. For each of these, we provided a consensus statement and relevant comments on the supporting scientific evidence. This work may guide clinicians in the practical management of hormone-positive/HER2−negative early breast cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Modelling Protein Plasticity: The Example of Frataxin and Its Variants.
- Author
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Botticelli, Simone, La Penna, Giovanni, Nobili, Germano, Rossi, Giancarlo, Stellato, Francesco, and Morante, Silvia
- Subjects
- *
FRATAXIN , *FRIEDREICH'S ataxia , *PROTEIN models , *DENATURATION of proteins , *CYTOSKELETAL proteins , *FERRITIN - Abstract
Frataxin (FXN) is a protein involved in storage and delivery of iron in the mitochondria. Single-point mutations in the FXN gene lead to reduced production of functional frataxin, with the consequent dyshomeostasis of iron. FXN variants are at the basis of neurological impairment (the Friedreich's ataxia) and several types of cancer. By using altruistic metadynamics in conjunction with the maximal constrained entropy principle, we estimate the change of free energy in the protein unfolding of frataxin and of some of its pathological mutants. The sampled configurations highlight differences between the wild-type and mutated sequences in the stability of the folded state. In partial agreement with thermodynamic experiments, where most of the analyzed variants are characterized by lower thermal stability compared to wild type, the D104G variant is found with a stability comparable to the wild-type sequence and a lower water-accessible surface area. These observations, obtained with the new approach we propose in our work, point to a functional switch, affected by single-point mutations, of frataxin from iron storage to iron release. The method is suitable to investigate wide structural changes in proteins in general, after a proper tuning of the chosen collective variable used to perform the transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Photodynamic Therapy Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (Ala) for the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Prospective Case Series.
- Author
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Lauritano, Dorina, Moreo, Giulia, Palmieri, Annalisa, Vella, Fedora Della, Petruzzi, Massimo, Botticelli, Daniele, and Carinci, Francesco
- Subjects
PHOTODYNAMIC therapy ,PERIODONTITIS ,GINGIVAL hemorrhage ,PERIODONTAL pockets ,PERIODONTAL disease ,PERIODONTAL probe ,PORPHYRAZINES ,MEDICAL equipment - Abstract
Featured Application: This paper highlights the advantages of photodynamic therapy for treatment of periodontal disease. Aim: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of supportive periodontal therapy (i.e., scaling and root planning, SRP) alone versus ALADENT medical device used in association with SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in adult patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 patients with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis (40 localized chronic periodontitis sites) aged between 35 and 55 were selected. None of these patients previously received any surgical or non-surgical periodontal therapy, and they presented radiographic evidence of moderate bone loss. Two non-adjacent sites in different quadrants were identified and observed in each patient, analyzing treatment effectiveness (split-mouth design). Clinical pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing were evaluated at time 0 and after 6 months, while microbial analysis (MA) was conducted at baseline and after 15 days. Significant differences were calculated using SPSS program and paired simple statistic t-test. Results: Total bacteria loadings had a statistically significant reduction before and after treatment with SRP (left site) (total average decrease of 27%). The sites treated with SRP plus ALADENT (right) showed a significantly reduced total bacterial loading compared to the untreated sites (right) (total average decrease of 75%). Mean values of CAL/PD and percentages data of BOP, recorded after SRP + ALADENT therapy, showed a higher reduction (CAL = 2.42, PD = 2.87 mm, 90% of sites with no bleeding) than those obtained after SRP treatment (CAL = 4.08 mm, PD = 4.73 mm, 70% of sites with no bleeding). Conclusion: The treatment of moderate and severe chronic periodontitis should include, beside SRP, the use of ALADENT medical device, which has been proved to be a useful adjuvant therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Plasma-Generated X-ray Pulses: Betatron Radiation Opportunities at EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB.
- Author
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Stellato, Francesco, Anania, Maria Pia, Balerna, Antonella, Botticelli, Simone, Coreno, Marcello, Costa, Gemma, Galletti, Mario, Ferrario, Massimo, Marcelli, Augusto, Minicozzi, Velia, Morante, Silvia, Pompili, Riccardo, Rossi, Giancarlo, Shpakov, Vladimir, Villa, Fabio, and Cianchi, Alessandro
- Subjects
BETATRONS ,ELECTRON beams ,FREE electron lasers ,LASER plasma accelerators ,PARTICLE acceleration ,RADIATION ,LINEAR accelerators - Abstract
EuPRAXIA is a leading European project aimed at the development of a dedicated, ground-breaking, ultra-compact accelerator research infrastructure based on novel plasma acceleration concepts and laser technology and on the development of their users' communities. Within this framework, the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF, INFN) will be equipped with a unique combination of an X-band RF LINAC generating high-brightness GeV-range electron beams, a 0.5 PW class laser system and the first fifth-generation free electron laser (FEL) source driven by a plasma-based accelerator, the EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB facility. Wiggler-like radiation emitted by electrons accelerated in plasma wakefields gives rise to brilliant, ultra-short X-ray pulses, called betatron radiation. Extensive studies have been performed at the FLAME laser facility at LNF, INFN, where betatron radiation was measured and characterized. The purpose of this paper is to describe the betatron spectrum emitted by particle wakefield acceleration at EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB and provide an overview of the foreseen applications of this specific source, thus helping to establish a future user community interested in (possibly coupled) FEL and betatron radiation experiments. In order to provide a quantitative estimate of the expected betatron spectrum and therefore to present suitable applications, we performed simple simulations to determine the spectrum of the betatron radiation emitted at EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB. With reference to experiments performed exploiting similar betatron sources, we highlight the opportunities offered by its brilliant femtosecond pulses for ultra-fast X-ray spectroscopy and imaging measurements, but also as an ancillary tool for designing and testing FEL instrumentation and experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Osseointegration at Implants Installed in Composite Bone: A Randomized Clinical Trial on Sinus Floor Elevation.
- Author
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Kotsu, Mitsuo, Apaza Alccayhuaman, Karol Alí, Ferri, Mauro, Iezzi, Giovanna, Piattelli, Adriano, Fortich Mesa, Natalia, and Botticelli, Daniele
- Subjects
OSSEOINTEGRATION ,CLINICAL trials ,ENDOSSEOUS dental implants ,ROUGH surfaces ,BONE grafting - Abstract
Osseointegration of implants installed in conjunction with sinus floor elevation might be affected by the presence of residual graft. The implant surface characteristics and the protection of the access window using a collagen membrane might influence the osseointegration. To evaluate these factors, sinus floor elevation was performed in patients using a natural bovine bone grafting material. The access windows were either covered with a collagen membrane made of porcine corium (Mb group) or left uncovered (No-Mb group) and, after six months, two mini-implants with either a moderate rough or turned surfaces were installed. After 3 months, biopsies containing the mini-implants were retrieved, processed histologically, and analyzed. Twenty patients, ten in each group, were included in the study. The two mini-implants were retrieved from fourteen patients, six belonging to the Mb group, and eight to the No-Mb group. No statistically significant differences were found in osseointegration between groups. However, statistically significant differences were found between the two surfaces. It was concluded that implants with a moderately rough surface installed in a composite bone presented much higher osseointegration compared to those with a turned surface. The present study failed to show an effect of the use of a collagen membrane on the access window. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Temporal and Permanent Changes Induced by Maxillary Sinus Lifting with Bone Grafts and Maxillary Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in the Voice Characteristics—Systematic Review.
- Author
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Delgado-Ruiz, Rafael, Botticelli, Daniele, and Romanos, Georgios
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MAXILLARY sinus surgery ,ENDOSCOPIC surgery ,SINUS augmentation ,BONE grafting ,MAXILLARY sinus ,SURGICAL complications - Abstract
Sinus surgery procedures such as sinus lifting with bone grafting or maxillary functional endoscopy surgery (FESS) can present different complications. The aims of this systematic review are to compile the post-operatory complications of sinus elevation with bone grafting and FESS including voice changes, and to elucidate if those changes are either permanent or temporary. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were used, and the literature was exhaustively searched without time restrictions for randomized and non-randomized clinical studies, cohort studies (prospective and retrospective), and clinical case reports with ≥4 cases focused on sinus lift procedures with bone grafts and functional endoscopic maxillary sinus surgery. A total of 435 manuscripts were identified. After reading the abstracts, 101 articles were selected to be read in full. Twenty articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Within the limitations of this systematic review, complications are frequent after sinus lifting with bone grafts and after FEES. Voice parameters are scarcely evaluated after sinus lifting with bone grafts and no voice changes are reported. The voice changes that occur after FESS include a decreased fundamental frequency, increased nasality, and nasalance, all of which are transitory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Electromechanical and Robotic Devices for Gait and Balance Rehabilitation of Children with Neurological Disability: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Valè, Nicola, Gandolfi, Marialuisa, Vignoli, Laura, Botticelli, Anita, Posteraro, Federico, Morone, Giovanni, Dell'Orco, Antonella, Dimitrova, Eleonora, Gervasoni, Elisa, Goffredo, Michela, Zenzeri, Jacopo, Antonini, Arianna, Daniele, Carla, Benanti, Paolo, Boldrini, Paolo, Bonaiuti, Donatella, Castelli, Enrico, Draicchio, Francesco, Falabella, Vincenzo, and Galeri, Silvia
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ELECTROMECHANICAL devices ,CHILDREN with cerebral palsy ,GAIT in humans ,MEDLINE ,REHABILITATION ,ELECTRONICS engineers - Abstract
In the last two decades, a growing interest has been focused on gait and balance robot-assisted rehabilitation in children with neurological disabilities. Robotic devices allow the implementation of intensive, task-specific training fostering functional recovery and neuroplasticity phenomena. However, limited attention has been paid to the protocols used in this research framework. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the existing literature on robotic systems for the rehabilitation of gait and balance in children with neurological disabilities and their rehabilitation applications. The literature search was carried out independently and synchronously by three authors on the following databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PeDro, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The data collected included three subsections referring to clinical, technical, and regulatory aspects. Thirty-one articles out of 81 found on the primary literature search were included in the systematic review. Most studies involved children with cerebral palsy. Only one-third of the studies were randomized controlled trials. Overall, 17 devices (nine end-effector systems and eight exoskeletons) were investigated, among which only 4 (24%) were bore the CE mark. Studies differ on rehabilitation protocols duration, intensity, and outcome measures. Future research should improve both rehabilitation protocols' and devices' descriptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. CAR-T with License to Kill Solid Tumors in Search of a Winning Strategy
- Author
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Maurizio Alimandi, Benedetto Sacchetti, Andrea Botticelli, Marianna Nuti, and Luca Pierelli
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medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,CD16-CR ,T-Lymphocytes ,Review ,Monoclonal antibody ,Immunotherapy, Adoptive ,Catalysis ,CAR-T ,chimeric antigen receptors ,immunotherapy ,solid tumors ,universal CAR ,Inorganic Chemistry ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Immune system ,Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological ,Antigen ,Antigens, Neoplasm ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Animals ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Precision Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Spectroscopy ,Immunity, Cellular ,Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ,business.industry ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,Chimeric antigen receptor ,Computer Science Applications ,Immunity, Humoral ,Leukemia ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,Tumor Escape ,business - Abstract
Artificial receptors designed for adoptive immune therapies need to absolve dual functions: antigen recognition and abilities to trigger the lytic machinery of reprogrammed effector T lymphocytes. In this way, CAR-T cells deliver their cytotoxic hit to cancer cells expressing targeted tumor antigens, bypassing the limitation of HLA-restricted antigen recognition. Expanding technologies have proposed a wide repertoire of soluble and cellular “immunological weapons„ to kill tumor cells; they include monoclonal antibodies recognizing tumor associated antigens on tumor cells and immune cell checkpoint inhibition receptors expressed on tumor specific T cells. Moreover, a wide range of formidable chimeric antigen receptors diversely conceived to sustain quality, strength and duration of signals delivered by engineered T cells have been designed to specifically target tumor cells while minimize off-target toxicities. The latter immunological weapons have shown distinct efficacy and outstanding palmarès in curing leukemia, but limited and durable effects for solid tumors. General experience with checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell immunotherapy has identified a series of variables, weaknesses and strengths, influencing the clinical outcome of the oncologic illness. These aspects will be shortly outlined with the intent of identifying the still “missing strategy„ to combat epithelial cancers.
- Published
- 2019
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