7 results on '"MYCORRHIZAS"'
Search Results
2. Rhizobium tropici and Riboflavin Amendment Condition Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Colonization in Phaseolus vulgaris L.
- Author
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Banuelos, Jacob, Martínez-Romero, Esperanza, Montaño, Noé Manuel, and Camargo-Ricalde, Sara Lucía
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VITAMIN B2 , *MYCORRHIZAS , *RHIZOBIUM , *VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas , *COMMON bean , *PLANT colonization , *BEANS , *GENE amplification - Abstract
Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae) forms symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia (NFB). The tripartite relationship uses molecular singals to establish intracellular symbioses in roots. The goal of this study was to determine if Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 and exogenous riboflavin (vitamin B2) have an effect on AMF species selection and root colonization of P. vulgaris. Using SSU rRNA fragment amplification of DNA extracted from P. vulgaris roots, we found that the presence of R. tropici altered the relative distribution of AMF species. Dominikia bernensis (Ohel) was the most abundant AMF species in P. vulgaris roots but when R. tropici was co-inoculated, Glomus species dominated. Rhizobacteria such as R. tropici, secrete riboflavin and could affect AMF symbiosis. Addition of 50 μM riboflavin to P. vulgaris, increased plant growth (28%), dry nodule weight (18%), AMF colonization (248%) and mycorrhizal vesicle frequency (56%) in bean roots. 3.12 and 12.5 µM riboflavin favored the presence of Glomus macrocarpum in P. vulgaris roots. This work provides the basis to further study of rhizobial and mycorrhizal co-inoculation of Phaseolus vulgaris bean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Support Plant Sulfur Supply through Organosulfur Mobilizing Bacteria in the Hypho- and Rhizosphere.
- Author
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Gahan, Jacinta, O'Sullivan, Orla, Cotter, Paul D., and Schmalenberger, Achim
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PLANT growth ,RHIZOBACTERIA ,VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas ,MYCORRHIZAS ,RHIZOSPHERE ,SULFUR ,SULFUR in soils ,FUNGAL communities - Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the role of bacteria colonising mycorrhizal hyphae in organically bound sulfur mobilisation, the dominant soil sulfur source that is not directly plant available. The effect of an intact mycorrhizal symbiosis with access to stable isotope organo-
34 S enriched soils encased in 35 µm mesh cores was tested in microcosms with Agrostis stolonifera and Plantago lanceolata. Hyphae and associated soil were sampled from static mesh cores with mycorrhizal ingrowth and rotating mesh cores that exclude mycorrhizal ingrowth as well as corresponding rhizosphere soil, while plant shoots were analysed for34 S uptake. Static cores increased uptake of34 S at early stages of plant growth when sulfur demand appeared to be high and harboured significantly larger populations of sulfonate mobilising bacteria. Bacterial and fungal communities were significantly different in the hyphospheres of static cores when compared to rotating cores, not associated with plant hosts. Shifts in bacterial and fungal communities occurred not only in rotated cores but also in the rhizosphere. Arylsulfatase activity was significantly higher in the rhizosphere when cores stayed static, while atsA and asfA gene diversity was distinct in the microcosms with static and rotating cores. This study demonstrated that AM symbioses can promote organo-S mobilization and plant uptake through interactions with hyphospheric bacteria, enabling AM fungal ingrowth into static cores creating a positive feedback-loop, detectable in the microbial rhizosphere communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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4. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Leads to Differential Regulation of Genes and miRNAs Associated with the Cell Wall in Tomato Leaves.
- Author
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Mendoza-Soto, Ana Belén, Rodríguez-Corral, Amada Zulé, Bojórquez-López, Adriana, Cervantes-Rojo, Maylin, Castro-Martínez, Claudia, and Lopez-Meyer, Melina
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GENETIC regulation , *ROOT-tubercles , *SYMBIOSIS , *FUNGAL cell walls , *MICRORNA , *VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas , *MYCORRHIZAS , *TOMATOES - Abstract
Simple Summary: Tomato can interact with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to form a symbiotic association called arbuscular mycorrhiza. This symbiosis, in addition to providing nutritional benefits to plants, induces a plant defense response against biotic and abiotic stresses locally in the roots, and systemically throughout the entire plant. However, the mechanisms underlying these conferred systemic resistance-induced responses are largely unknown. This work aimed to identify which regulatory molecules could be involved in the response mechanisms elicited during priming. The findings presented here provide valuable information on the molecules that could participate in these responses, with the aim of elucidating the whole mechanism. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is an association that provides nutritional benefits to plants. Importantly, it induces a physiological state allowing plants to respond to a subsequent pathogen attack in a more rapid and intense manner. Consequently, mycorrhiza-colonized plants become less susceptible to root and shoot pathogens. This study aimed to identify some of the molecular players and potential mechanisms related to the onset of defense priming by mycorrhiza colonization, as well as miRNAs that may act as regulators of priming genes. The upregulation of cellulose synthases, pectinesterase inhibitors, and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase, as well as the downregulation of a pectinesterase, suggest that the modification and reinforcement of the cell wall may prime the leaves of mycorrhizal plants to react faster and stronger to subsequent pathogen attack. This was confirmed by the findings of miR164a-3p, miR164a-5p, miR171e-5p, and miR397, which target genes and are also related to the biosynthesis or modification of cell wall components. Our findings support the hypothesis that the reinforcement or remodeling of the cell wall and cuticle could participate in the priming mechanism triggered by mycorrhiza colonization, by strengthening the first physical barriers upstream of the pathogen encounter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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5. Mycorrhiza-Induced Resistance against Foliar Pathogens Is Uncoupled of Nutritional Effects under Different Light Intensities.
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de la Hoz, Judith Pozo, Rivero, Javier, Azcón-Aguilar, Concepción, Urrestarazu, Miguel, and Pozo, María J.
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MYCORRHIZAS , *CROP management , *MYCORRHIZAL fungi , *FERTILIZERS , *PLANT growth - Abstract
The use of microbial inoculants, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, has great potential for sustainable crop management, which aims to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. However, one of the major challenges of their use in agriculture is the variability of the inoculation effects in the field, partly because of the varying environmental conditions. Light intensity and quality affect plant growth and defense, but little is known about their impacts on the benefits of mycorrhizal symbioses. We tested the effects of five different light intensities on plant nutrition and resistance to the necrotrophic foliar pathogen Botrytis cinerea in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal lettuce plants. Our results evidence that mycorrhiza establishment is strongly influenced by light intensity, both regarding the extension of root colonization and the abundance of fungal vesicles within the roots. Light intensity also had significant effects on plant growth, nutrient content, and resistance to the pathogen. The effect of the mycorrhizal symbiosis on plant growth and nutrient content depended on the light intensity, and mycorrhiza efficiently reduced disease incidence and severity under all light intensities. Thus, mycorrhiza-induced resistance can be uncoupled from mycorrhizal effects on plant nutrition. Therefore, mycorrhizal symbioses can be beneficial by providing biotic stress protection even in the absence of nutritional or growth benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
- Full Text
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6. Mycorrhiza-Induced Alterations in Metabolome of Medicago lupulina Leaves during Symbiosis Development.
- Author
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Yurkov, Andrey P., Puzanskiy, Roman K., Avdeeva, Galina S., Jacobi, Lidija M., Gorbunova, Anastasia O., Kryukov, Alexey A., Kozhemyakov, Andrei P., Laktionov, Yuri V., Kosulnikov, Yuri V., Romanyuk, Daria A., Yemelyanov, Vladislav V., Shavarda, Alexey L., Kirpichnikova, Anastasia A., Smolikova, Galina N., and Shishova, Maria F.
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MEDICAGO ,SYMBIOSIS ,MATHEMATICAL complex analysis ,PLANT development ,CARBOXYLATES ,MYCORRHIZAS - Abstract
The present study is aimed at disclosing metabolic profile alterations in the leaves of the Medicago lupulina MlS-1 line that result from high-efficiency arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis formed with Rhizophagus irregularis under condition of a low phosphorus level in the substrate. A highly effective AM symbiosis was established in the period from the stooling to the shoot branching initiation stage (the efficiency in stem height exceeded 200%). Mycorrhization led to a more intensive accumulation of phosphates (glycerophosphoglycerol and inorganic phosphate) in M. lupulina leaves. Metabolic spectra were detected with GS-MS analysis. The application of complex mathematical analyses made it possible to identify the clustering of various groups of 320 metabolites and thus demonstrate the central importance of the carbohydrate and carboxylate-amino acid clusters. The results obtained indicate a delay in the metabolic development of mycorrhized plants. Thus, AM not only accelerates the transition between plant developmental stages but delays biochemical "maturation" mainly in the form of a lag of sugar accumulation in comparison with non-mycorrhized plants. Several methods of statistical modeling proved that, at least with respect to determining the metabolic status of host-plant leaves, stages of phenological development have priority over calendar age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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7. Metabolic Alterations in Pisum sativum Roots during Plant Growth and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Development.
- Author
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Shtark, Oksana, Puzanskiy, Roman, Avdeeva, Galina, Yemelyanov, Vladislav, Shavarda, Alexey, Romanyuk, Daria, Kliukova, Marina, Kirpichnikova, Anastasia, Tikhonovich, Igor, Zhukov, Vladimir, and Shishova, Maria
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PLANT growth ,PEAS ,MYCORRHIZAS ,PLANT roots ,VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas ,PLANT development - Abstract
Intensive exchange of nutrients is a crucial part of the complex interaction between a host plant and fungi within arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. For the first time, the present study demonstrates how inoculation with AMF Rhizophagus irregularis affects the pea (Pisum sativum L.) root metabolism at key stages of plant development. These correspond to days 21 (vegetation), 42 (flowering initiation), and 56 (fruiting-green pod). Metabolome profiling was carried out by means of a state-of-the-art GC-MS technique. The content shifts revealed include lipophilic compounds, sugars, carboxylates, and amino acids. The metabolic alterations were principally dependent on the stage of plant development but were also affected by the development of AM fungi, a fact which highlights interaction between symbiotic partners. The comparison of the present data with the results of leaf metabolome profiling earlier obtained did not reveal common signatures of metabolic response to mycorrhization in leaves and roots. We supposed that the feedback for the development and symbiotic interaction on the part of the supraorganismic system (root + AM fungi) was the cause of the difference between the metabolic profile shift in leaf and root cells that our examination revealed. New investigations are required to expand our knowledge of metabolome plasticity of the whole organism and/or system of organisms, and such results might be put to use for the intensification of sustainable agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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