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Background and purpose: Many obese people have different psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, emotional regulation problems, etc., food addiction is also another psychological problem associated with obesity. In this research, for the first time, we investigated the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) treatment on anxiety, depression, difficulty in emotional regulation, and food addiction in obese people. Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 40 obese women were selected from urban health centers in Kashan, 2018. They were recruited using purposive convenience sampling. They were then randomly divided into an intervention group (MBSR, n=20) or a control group (educational session without any treatment, n=20). The MBSR was implemented according to the Kabat Ziin protocol during weekly sessions of 90-minute for eight weeks. The participants were evaluated at pre-test, post-test and three-month follow-up using the anxiety, stress, depression scale (DASS-21), difficulty in emotion regulation scale (DERS), and the Yale food addiction scale (YFAS). Data analysis was performed applying repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS16. Results: The intervention group was found with a significant reduction in the levels of anxiety (P<0.01), depression (P<0.000), difficulty in emotional regulation (P=0.02), and severity of food addiction (P=0.003) compared to the control group at post-test. At follow-up, we observed significant reduction in the levels of anxiety, depression, and food addiction (P=0.003), but emotion regulation did not show a significant reduction compared to the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment could be considered as a part of comprehensive medical care for obese people [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Avoidance and cognitive fusion are two components of psychological inflexibility and are the main concepts of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y8). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 300 students in Kashan, Iran who were selected by cluster sampling. The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y8) and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) were administered to collect the data. The factor structure of the questionnaire was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Also, the convergent validity with RCMAS, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of this questionnaire were examined. Results: Exploratory factor analysis indicated one factor called psychological inflexibility. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the one factor model of the questionnaire (RMSEA 90% CI =0.00-0.07). Also, the convergent validity with RCMAS was found to be good (r = 0.60, p<0.001) and the internal consistency and test-retest reliability (4 weeks interval) were 0.71 and 0.65, respectively. Conclusion: AFQ-Y8 is an appropriate tool with acceptable psychometric properties to measure the psychological inflexibility of adolescents in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]