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Introduction: Bone metastasis is frequent in bronchopulmonary cancer. We report a series of 52 patients, and analyze indications and the efficacy of surgery., Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied the records of 52 patients operated on for spinal metastases of bronchopulmonary cancer over a 6-year period from January 2009 to December 2014 in the neurosurgery department of the North Hospital of Marseille, France., Results: Mean age was 63.6years; with a sex ratio of 3:1 (M:F). Spinal pain associated with vertebral fracture and spinal cord compression was the most frequent clinical presentation (59.6%). SINS score was≥7 in 78.9% of cases. Karnofski Performance Status was average in 67.4% of cases. Predicted survival beyond 12months was zero according to the modified Tokuhashi score. The surgical indication was essentially palliative. Evolution showed regression of pain in 84.6% of cases, and stabilization and improvement in motor deficit in 80.6%. Median postoperative survival was 16months., Conclusion: Our results highlight the interest of surgery for pain relief, spinal stabilization and improvement in neurological function in patients with spinal metastases of bronchopulmonary cancer, and the unreliability of predictive survival scores., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To study the topography of retinal breaks and their agreement with Lincoff's rules., Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective descriptive study of patients with recent rhegmatogenous retinal detachments followed on the ophthalmology service of Abass Ndao Hospital from January 2006 through December 2016. Patients with no prior retinal treatment were included., Results: Over 11 years, we reviewed 97 patients with 107 eyes with retinal detachments. The mean age of our patients was 51.7 years, range 23-79 years. There were 69 male patients, for a male:female ratio of 2.46. Refraction revealed that 38.1% of patients were myopes. Fourteen percent (14%) of patients had experienced trauma to the eye with the detachment. The right eye was involved in 54.6% of patients. The onset was insidious in 54.6% of cases and sudden in 23.7% of cases. All patients had decreased visual acuity, associated with a scotoma in 26.8% of cases. Visual acuity was decreased to light perception through 7/10. In 64.9% of cases, Lincoff's rules were observed., Discussion: Lincoff's rules are still relevant for localization of the breaks in retinal detachments., Conclusion: Diagnosis of a retinal detachment is an essential step, since it determines the treatment. Lincoff's rules still have a role in finding the retinal break in retinal detachments., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To appreciate the epidemiological characteristics and to show the therapeutic aspects of the giant retinal tears., Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study from January 2014 to June 2017 on subjects with giant retinal tears. Patients with media opacities limiting examination were excluded., Results: We identified 17 cases of giant retinal tears. The frequency of detachments related to a giant retinal tear was 17% compared to all retinal tears. The mean age was 50.75 years with a sex ratio (M/F) of 6.5. We found three cases of high myopia, one case of hyperopia and four trauma cases. All patients had a decrease in visual acuity. The average time to consultation was four weeks. The mean intraocular pressure was 8mmHg. The tear was found in the left eye in eight cases and in the right eye in five cases; two cases were bilateral. We performed intraocular surgery in five eyes and laser in four eyes. We achieved anatomical reattachment and functional improvement in all operated patients., Comments and Conclusion: The prognosis of a giant retinal tear remains guarded, especially if patients are seen and treated late. Laser photocoagulation of giant tears remains effective, especially in cases of early diagnosis., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Our goal was to evaluate the normal macular thickness in Blacks by OCT and to determine socio-demographic and clinical parameters which may influence it., Materials and Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, descriptive study over 6 months. It included Black adults followed in the ophthalmology departments of Abass Ndao and Aristide-Le-Dantec hospitals in Dakar. Included subjects had corrected visual acuity of 10/10 (0 logMAR) and P2 (+0.1 logMAR), clear ocular media, and no retinal abnormalities. We used the Topcon 3D 2000 OCT to measure the central thicknesses of the cornea (CT) and of the macula (MT), and cup to disc ratio (C/D) in each eye. Socio-demographic, clinical and tomographic data were collected on a survey form and correlated to the MT. The analysis was carried out by the Epi info 7 software. We used the Chi 2 comparison test with a P value˂0.05., Results: One hundred and nine patients were included. The mean age was 27.39 years with a male/female ratio of 0.65. The subjects were emmetropic in 54.13% of cases. The mean CT was 519.97μm, the mean C/D was 0.23, and the mean MT was 264.35μm. The P-value (P) was greater than or equal to 0.1 for all the factors studied., Conclusion: MT in our study was lower than that of Whites, and the various parameters studied did not demonstrate a statistically significant influence on MT., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Endovascular embolization is an essential therapeutic approach in the multidisciplinary management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM). However, it rarely occludes the AVM in its entirety. It is often combined with surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery. The aim of embolization is to reduce the size of the nidus and the intra-nidal flow in order to facilitate the microsurgical or the radiosurgical procedure. We report the case of a 61-year-old patient with a right frontal hemorrhagic AVM treated with complete embolization in a single session. Initially, a surgical procedure for excision of the AVM was scheduled 24hours post-embolization. This surgery was canceled due to a good angiographic result of the embolization. Eight days post-embolization, there was a massive re-bleed of the AVM which justified emergency surgical management. This case illustrates a delayed post-embolization hemorrhagic complication of an occluded AVM and prompts a review of the therapeutic strategy of the cerebral AVM to select the most effective and least morbid procedure or combination of procedures., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Our goal is to assess the Quality of Life (QL) of our patients after cataract surgery., Materials and Methods: We performed a multicenter prospective study from July 2012 to December 2013 including patients undergoing cataract surgery, aged 18 and older. A survey sheet with sociodemographic data, clinical data and QL survey (VF-14) was given to each patient after surgery at day 7 (D7), one month (M1) and two months (M2) postoperatively. The final score was obtained by the following formula: QL=V (%)=(F __/__ C)×25. The data analysis was performed using SPSS software., Results: A total of 100 patients were included, 56 men, and 61 years was the mean age. The mean QL score was 29.86% at D7, 73.97% at M1 and 81.21% at M2. Subjects between 18 and 30 years of age had a score of 90.15% vs. 82.52% at M2 for older patients. After optical correction, the quality of life scores increased from 83.22% at D7 to 93.18% at M2. Patients who did not have functional signs had a QL score of 83.94%. Anxious patients had a QL score of 44% at D7, 61.23% at M1 and 52.67% at M2., Conclusion: Good surgical outcomes require, in addition to clinical success, good quality of life. Several factors may influence this quality of life., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The purpose was to record the causes of leukocoria among children under 10years of age and to determine the proportion of rare causes of leukocoria., Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted over a period of ten years, from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2013, in patients under 10years of age who were referred for leukocoria., Results: Leukocoria represented one of the ten reasons for consultation among children under 10years of age. The mean age of our patients was 42.5months. In 76 % of cases, the leukocoria patients were children under 6years of age. Male patients were affected more commonly, with a sex-ratio of 1.5. Patients coming from Dakar and its suburbs represented two thirds of the total. Bilateral involvement represented 53.7 % of the total. Cataracts were responsible for 74.3 % of cases, retinoblastoma 20.58 %, retinal detachment 0.96 %, retinopathy of prematurity 0.96 %, pupillary membrane persistence 0.96 %, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous 0.64 %, endophthalmitis 0.64 %, optic nerve coloboma 0.32 %, iris heterochromia 0.32 % and ametropia 0.32 %., Discussion: The total percentage of rare causes was 5.12 % in our study, including one case of hyperopia. These etiologies, although rare, do exist., Conclusion: Rare causes of leukocoria require special attention. The discovery of leukocoria necessitates rigorous etiological work-up. Ametropia must be a diagnosis of exclusion., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of acute enteroviral and adenoviral conjunctivitis., Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted between January 1st and October 31st, 2015, jointly between two Ophthalmology services and a virology laboratory, which identified 51 patients. Were included all patients who presented a painful red eye without loss of visual acuity associated with secretions,evolving for less than 4weeks RESULTS: The mean age was 32 years, and the sex ratio 1:1. Over half of our patients (61%) came from populous districts. A history of the virus "going around" was reported by 30 patients (59% of cases). Virological testing was positive in 35 patients (68.7% of cases). Over 90% of samples collected during the first week of clinical signs were positive., Conclusion: Viral conjunctivitis is a contagious condition, the spread of which is favored by promiscuity. Adenovirus and enterovirus are the main causative agents. They are present on an endemic scale in Senegal; thus, the need for better epidemiological surveillance in order to limit spread., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)