Search

Objective of the Study: Shampoo therapy is often recommended for the control of Malassezia overgrowth in dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo activity of a 2% climbazole shampoo against Malassezia pachydermatis yeasts in naturally infected dogs., Animals: Eleven research colony Beagles were used., Materials and Methods: The dogs were distributed randomly into two groups: group A (n=6) and group B (n=5). Group A dogs were washed with a 2% climbazole shampoo, while group B dogs were treated with a physiological shampoo base. The shampoos were applied once weekly for two weeks. The population size of Malassezia yeasts on skin was determined by fungal culture through modified Dixon's medium contact plates pressed on left concave pinna, axillae, groins, perianal area before and after shampoo application. Samples collected were compared by Wilcoxon rank sum test., Results: Samples collected after 2% climbazole shampoo application showed a significant and rapid reduction of Malassezia population sizes. One hour after the first climbazole shampoo application, Malassezia reduction was already statistically significant and 15 days after the second climbazole shampoo, Malassezia population sizes were still significantly decreased. No significant reduction of Malassezia population sizes was observed in group B dogs., Conclusion: The application of a 2% climbazole shampoo significantly reduced Malassezia population sizes on the skin of naturally infected dogs. Application of 2% climbazole shampoo may be useful for the control of Malassezia overgrowth and it may be also proposed as prevention when recurrences are frequent., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Cyclosporine is a molecule used in ophthalmology for the prevention of corneal graft rejection. The systemic use of this product can lead to serious adverse side effects that can be avoided using the topical formulation of cyclosporine. However, cyclosporine application can induce ocular irritation., Material and Methods: The aim of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four formulations of 2% cyclosporine eye drops: Sandimmum intravenous solution diluted with NaCl 0.9%, Sandimmun oral solution diluted in castor oil or corn oil after ethanol evaporation, and Sandimmun oral solution diluted in castor oil without previous ethanol evaporation. Two tests--the Draize test and the evaluation of cytotoxicity of adherent alive cells with cold light cytofluorimetry on microplates--were used in this study., Results: These tests demonstrated that the aqueous solution shows more toxicity than the other formulations, and the type of oil and ethanol concentration influence cell viability., Conclusion: These results helped the Pharmacy unit choose the vehicles for a safe cyclosporine eye drop formulation and thus decrease the side effects of cyclosporine eye drop instillation with a decrease in ethanol concentration compared to published formulations.

Introduction: Low or high dosage heparin adjuvant therapy for Erysipelas (E) has become frequent, especially in France., Material and Methods: Publications on erysipelas complications were reviewed, and 2 studies were found in which the detection of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was systematically performed: Mahe A (6DVT/40E), and Perrot JL (4DVP/155E). We calculated the relative incidence (CRI) at 4.9 p. 100, for all studies systematically detecting the DVT (whether symptomatic or not). The other studies reported clinical DVT. CRI was at 0.7 p. 100 without heparin adjuvant therapy. CRI was at 0, not statistically significant, with low or high dosage heparin adjuvant therapy. The most frequent complications for heparin treatment were: thrombocytopenia (5.7 and 0.9 p. 100 respectively with standard and low weight heparin), and hemorrhage (less than 3 p. 100 for DVT treatment)., Discussion: The risk of DVT associated with E is inferior to 10 p. 100 (the level of risk for DVT is small according to consensus conferences on thromboembolism). The incidence of asymptomatic DVT is superior to that of symptomatic DVT. But we do not know if asymptomatic DVT is equivalent to symptomatic DVT. Consensus conferences on thromboembolism do not recommend the preventive administration of heparin to bedfast patients with a low risk of DVT., Conclusion: There is no indication of adjuvant anticoagulant therapy for erysipelas. There is no indication for systematic prophylactic anticoagulant therapy for erysipelas. Prophylactic anticoagulant therapy is used depending on other risk factors of DVT. Wearing stockings may be another indication for patients.

Introduction: We report the apparently first description of bullous Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient with AIDS., Case Report: Kaposi's sarcoma was observed in a HIV positive homosexual who had developed AIDS. The delay between the development of Kaposi's sarcoma and the appearance of bullae was 6 months. Bullae occurred after oedema and necrosis of the subepidermic derma., Discussion: This unusual clinical presentation of Kaposi's syndrome in an AIDS patient led to rapid tumor extention and would thus suggest a rapidly unfavourable prognosis.

The sickle cell trait may result in recurrent macroscopic haematuria which can cause severe anaemia. Despite normal intravenous urography and CAT, the haemorrhage probably occurs in the renal medulla due to the operative physiopathogenic conditions. A proliferative mesangial glomerulonephritis with IgG, IgA, IgM and complement deposits, which has a controversial relationship with sickle cell disease, may be discovered by renal biopsy. The severity of the anaemia may necessitate treatment with epsilon-aminocaproic acid which cures the haematuria but may provoke rhabdomyolysis. This case report is followed by a review of the literature of the different types of renal involvement in sickle cell trait and sickle cell anemia.