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The development of imaging-guided biopsy techniques has considerably improved the early diagnosis of breast cancers following initial detection by screening. Nevertheless, in a small percentage of cases, histopathologic findings are unsatisfactory owing to false negative errors attributable to operator inexperience or inadequate sample material (this is especially true for microcalcifications with 20% underestimation rates for atypical hyperplasia); repeat biopsy is warranted in such situations. When a discrepancy exists with imaging findings and for cases of atypical epithelial hyperplasia, surgical excision is imperative so as not to overlook or underestimate a malignant lesion. Controversy continues concerning the best approach for radial scars (sclerosing ductal lesions), papillary lesions, atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ: determination of which benign anomalies can merely be followed-up remains a problem. Better awareness of the limitations of percutaneous tissue sampling procedures should lead to refinement of the indications for these techniques and improvement of patient selection and thereby reduce delays in accurate diagnosis.

We studied with computerized image analysis 236 breast cancer samplings after in vitro bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and immunohistochemical revelation. Labeling index values were compared with the usual prognostic factors and with the other studies in the literature. We established a positive correlation between labeling index and tumor size, histoprognostic grading, phase S and DNA index. A high labeling index was correlated with the absence of hormonal receptors but not correlated with the other prognostic factors. These results on tumor kinetics are similar to those obtained by flow cytometry and from other studies in the literature. However, this technic using optical microscopy allows for reliable selection of tumoral cells. Furthermore, the semi-automated image analysis provides an objective and reproducible evaluation of the labeling index.

Prognosis is poor for uterine leiomyosarcomas. Diagnosis is often an unexpected pathology discovery after hysterectomy for fibroma. Prognosis depends on the degree of locoregional extension and thus on early diagnosis. Echography and computed tomography scan are note very specific. There is little literature on imagining studies, and particularly on MRI in this pathology. Yet MRI, especially the T2 weighted sequences, is quite interesting for evaluating tumour extension in the uterus. It can be used whenever an abnormal increase in size is observed during the per- or postmenopausal period in a women with a fibroma. We report two cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma explored by MRI and review the literature.