Search

Ozaslan, Cihangir/0000-0002-2611-4837 WOS: 000291164000005 PubMed: 21323572 Cytokine genes are important for researching cancer predisposition to cancers that elicit anti-tumor immune response. In this study, we investigated the association between breast cancer and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) -308 (G>A), TNF-beta +252 (A>G), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) +874 (T>A) gene polymorphisms in a Turkish population. This study involved 204 female breast cancer patients and 204 healthy female controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from EDTA-preserved peripheral venous blood of patients and controls by a salting-out method and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction, and restriction fragment length polymorphism. TNF-alpha -308 genotype was found to have no effect on breast cancer susceptibility. However, there were statistically significant differences between the genotype frequencies of patients and controls for TNF-beta polymorphism (p = 0.016) and the allele and genotype frequencies for the IFN-gamma polymorphism (p = 0.0312 and p = 0.001, respectively). In the composite genotype analysis, the TNF-alpha/beta GAAG composite genotype (p = 0.0424), the TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma GGTT and GATT composite genotypes (p = 0.0296 and p = 0.0129, respectively), the TNF-beta/IFN-gamma AGTT composite genotype (p = 0.0003), and the TNF alpha/beta/IFN-gamma GGAGTT and GAAGTT composite genotypes (p = 0.0437 and p = 0.0038, respectively) were estimated to have a protective effect against breast cancer. However, the TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma GGTA composite genotype is a risk factor for breast cancer (p = 0.0156). In conclusion, TNF-beta +252GG genotype was found more frequent in Turkish breast cancer patients than controls and IFN-gamma TA+AA genotypes were estimated to increase breast cancer risk significantly in Turkish population. Ondokuz Mayis UniversityOndokuz Mayis University [T-403] This study was supported by the Ondokuz Mayis University (Project No. T-403) and is a report of a Ph.D. thesis.

PubMed: 17233569 Background: Surveillance of surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most effective methods for decreasing the incidence. We determined the risk factors for SSI and the effect of a one-year surveillance program on the rate at a tertiary-care center. Methods: The annual SSI rate before the study period was determined in a preliminary study. Risk factors related to SSI, the bacteria cultured from infected sites, and the effect of surveillance were then analyzed prospectively. Risk factors were determined by logistic regression analysis, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: The incidence of SSI decreased from 12.8% before the study to 8.8% at the end of the surveillance period. There were 90 SSIs (8.8%) in 1,017 procedures during the study period, most of which (77; 69%) were detected during the hospital stay. The distribution of superficial incisional, deep incisional, and organ/space SSI was 61.1%, 33.4%, and 5.5%, respectively. Prolonged preoperative hospital stay (>8 days), abdominal incision, early preoperative hair removal, inappropriate antimicrobial prophylaxis, whole blood transfusion, famotidine treatment, repair with mesh, age >75 years, wound contamination, high American Society of Anesthesiologists score, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, emergency surgery, obesity, and coexistent infection proved to be independent risk factors for SSI, whereas the skin closure technique, patient sex, presence of malignancy, smoking history, and duration of operation were not. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the bacteria isolated most frequently. Six infected patients (5.4%) died, four because of SSI. Development of SSI increased hospital expenses by around US$600 per patient. Conclusion: Surveillance even for one year decreases the incidence of SSI. © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.