1. Characterization of Cellular Immune Responses in Thai Individuals With and Without HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders
- Author
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Supunnee Jirajariyavej, Weerawan Chuenarom, Nicholas Hutchings, Jintanat Ananworanich, Yuwadee Phuang-Ngern, Victor Valcour, Tanate Jadwattanakul, Duanghathai Suttichom, Silvia Ratto-Kim, Mark de Souza, Siriwat Akapirat, Peeriya Prueksakaew, Boot Kaewboon, Sukalaya Lerdlum, Somporn Tipsuk, Thep Chalermchai, John S. Barber, Pasiri Sithinamsuwan, Robert H. Paul, David Clifford, Chayada Sajjaweerawan, Jerome H. Kim, Alexandra Schuetz, James L. K. Fletcher, Mantana Pothisri, and Putthachard Karnsomlap
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,business.industry ,Monocyte ,T cell ,Immunology ,CD38 ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immune system ,Virology ,medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Macrophage ,business ,Viral load ,CD8 - Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains a challenge despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), and has been linked to monocyte/macrophage (M/M) migration to the brain. Due to the potential impact of T cell effector mechanisms in eliminating activated/HIV-infected M/M, T cell activation may play a role in the development of HAND. We sought to investigate the relationship between cognition and both CD8+ T cell activation (HLA-DR+/CD38+) and HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses at the time of HIV diagnosis and 12 months postinitiation of ART. CD8+ T cell activation was increased in HAND compared to cognitive normal (NL) individuals and correlated directly with plasma viral load and inversely with the cognitive status. In addition, Gag-specific cytolytic activity (CD107a/b+) was decreased in HAND compared with NL individuals and correlated with their neurological testing, suggesting a potential role of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in the mechanism of HAND development.
- Published
- 2018
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