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Thyroid neoplasms encompass a range of abnormal growths of the neoplastic cells ranging from benign adenomas to malignant carcinomas and are one of the lists for the differential diagnoses from the thyroid gland or parathyroid neoplasm. These tumors cause various clinical signs in dogs, including breathing difficulties, swallowing issues, and compressing the surrounding tissues. Diagnosis involves a combination of physical examinations, radiography, ultrasound, hematology, clinical pathology investigation, and histopathological analyses. Treatment options depend on tumor types and stages, with surgical resection being common for benign tumors and more aggressive approaches such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy for malignancies. Even if the metastasis occurs to the regional lymph nodes, the mandibular lymph node metastasis is uncommon. The prognosis varies, with carcinomas posing greater challenges, particularly if they metastasize. Continuous monitoring and follow-up are crucial to assess treatment outcomes and tumor recurrences. Early detection and comprehensive veterinary management are essential in addressing thyroid neoplasms in dogs effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]