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Aphanolaimus strilliae n. sp. and Makatinus africanus n. sp. are described from freshwater sources in the Telperion Nature Reserve, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Aphanolaimus strilliae n. sp. is characterised by a body length of 1240–1613 μm, more than 800 body annules, lateral field originating between the first and second lateral body pore at the 34th–46th annule, first lateral body pore located at the 25th–35th annule, vagina V-shaped and bent anteriorly, 142–195 µm long uterus and 165–207 µm long tail with spinneret offset. This species is ovoviviparous and no males were found. Makatinus africanus n. sp. is characterised by a large, thick body (3228–4128 μm long, a = 30–39 wide), slightly set off lip region with amalgamated lips; 31–34 μm long odontostyle; long tongue-shaped cardia, and stout, short tail (30–43 μm long) with a small peg / digitate extension and male absent. Populations of three known species, Chronogaster africana, Eutobrilus annetteae and Neotobrilus ampiei, from fresh water at the Telperion Nature Reserve are described and scanning electron microscope graphs of these species published for the first time.

Specimens of four new nematode species of the family Comesomatidae were isolated from the sediments of littoral zone of South China Sea at the coast of Vietnam and described and illustrated. Sabatieria curvispiculata sp. n. is characterized by the long and slender tail, short cephalic setae and strongly curved spicules in males. Setosabatiera orientalis sp. n. is close to S. australis Riera, Nunez, Brito, 2006, but differs from it in the comparatively shorter and more slender tail, small-er number of amphidial fovea turns, greater number of precloacal supplements in males and shape and structure of spic-ules. Dorylaimopsis intermedia sp. n. is morphologically closest to D. mediterranea Grimaldi-de Zio, 1968 and D. magellanense Chen, Vincx, 1968, but differs from both species in the longer outer labial setae and absence of precloacal supplements in males. D. brevispiculata sp. n. is similar to D. turneri Zhang, 1992 and D. coomansi Muthumbi, Soetaert, Vincx, 1977, but differs from both species in the shape of outer labial sensillae and absence of precloacal supplements in males. A pictorial key for determination of valid species in the genus Setosabatieria Rouville, 1903 is given.

A Checklist of the Free-Living Marine Nematodes of the Iberian Peninsula, based on the literature published to date, is presented in this paper. The localities where the taxa were collected, as well as the habitats and depths where they were found, are also mentioned. All references to date provide a total of 236 species, 142 genera and 37 unidentified families. Also, the preparation of the present Checklist allowed us to clarify some errors that have been dragging on for some time and make a few clarifications, all of them based on a review of the original papers.

Three nematode species of the genus Syringolaimus (Enoplida, Ironidae) were found in the Angola Basin (south-east Atlantic Ocean) at depths of almost 5500 m. One of them is described as new for science and the other two were initially recorded from the deep sea off the Brazilian coast and are redescribed here. Syringolaimus elegans sp. n. differs from all other species of Syringolaimus by a slimmer body (a=99 vs. 30–73) and from all species except S. ingens (nom. nud.) by its greater body length (2718 μ m vs. 760–1750 μ m), longer buccal cavity (79 μ m vs. 28–58 μ m), and longer terminal pharyngeal bulb (70 μ m vs. 53 μ m). All the Syringolaimus species together make up from 0.75 to 2.82% of all nematode individuals from all samples. Diagnoses of Syringolaimus annae Lima et al ., 2009 and S. smolae Lima et al ., 2009 are updated. An annotated list of Syringolaimus species is provided; the species annae , elegans , filicaudatus , loofi , magdae , renaudae , smolae , striatocaudatus and taniae are considered as valid, while brevicaudatus , caspersi , lichenii , marisalbi , smarigdus and venustus as species inquirendae, and gladiatus , ingens, nitidus and venustus as nomina nuda . Diagnostic characters and problems of species identification are discussed.

We describe two new species and provide one new species record of the family Comesomatidae from a submarine canyon habitat on the Southern Hikurangi margin, New Zealand. Vasostoma hexodontium n. sp. is characterized by having an amphideal fovea with three turns, buccal cavity with six teeth and gubernaculum with long and straight caudal apophyses. Sabatieria dispunctata n. sp. is characterized by the absence of cuticle punctations, large amphideal fovea with 4.5 turns, pharynx with posterior bulb, absence of pre-cloacal supplements, strongly arcuate and cuticularized spicules, simple gubernaculum with short caudal apophyses, and vulva opening directed posteriorly. Laimella subterminata Chen & Vincx, 2000, which was originally described from the Beagle Channel and the Magellan Strait (Chile), is recorded from the Southwest Pacific for the first time.

Two new species of Antomicron are described from bottom sediments collected in Gullmarn Fjord, west coast of Sweden. A. quindecimpapillatus sp. n. is particularly characterised by the 1390–1459 µm long body; elongate doughnut-shapedamphid; straight vagina with drop-shaped sclerotizations; female without sensilla in pharyngeal region and without sup-plements; male with two pairs of setiform sensilla in pharyngeal region, 15 tubular and no alveolar supplements, one pairof precloacal and four pairs of caudal setae, 26.0–29.5 µm long spicules. A. lorenzeni sp. n. is particularly characterisedby the 603–676 µm long body; an inverted U-shaped amphid; straight vagina without sclerotizations; female without sen-silla in pharyngeal region and without supplements; male without sensilla in pharyngeal region, two tubular and nine al-veolar supplements, one pair of precloacal and four pairs of caudal setae, 23 µm long spicules. Additional information onthe males of Antomicron pellucidum, A. elegans, A. pratense and A. intermedius is provided. A taxonomic review, tabular compendium and identification key of species of the genus Antomicron are also given.

Detailed descriptions of six species of Plectus reported for the first time from India are given on the basis of LM and SEMobservations. Plectus geophilus de Man, 1880, P. aquatilis Andrassy, 1985, P. parvus Bastian, 1865, P. minimus Cobb,1893, P. magadani Kuzmin, 1979 and P. communis Butschli, 1873 are described and illustrated. The salient morphologicalcharacters of the species are given. The taxonomy of the genus has been discussed along with the status of species pre-senting a great degree of morphometric overlap and continuous variation. An emended diagnosis of the genus is provided with incorporation of relatively consistent and less variable characters.