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A new black fly species, Simulium (Nevermannia) karavalliense sp. nov. is described from Southern Eastern Ghats of South India. This new species is placed in the Simulium ruficorne species-group of the subgenus Nevermannia. S. (N.) karavalliense sp. nov. is characterized by female with a long sensory vesicle, male upper eye with 14 vertical columns and 16 horizontal rows of large facets, pupal gill with 8 filaments and larval hypostoma with 6 hypostomal bristles lying parallel to lateral margin. Taxonomic keys are provided to distinguish this new species from related species in India.

A new mayfly species, Choroterpes (Euthraulus) kalladaensis sp. n. is described based on nymphs and subimagoes from South India. The nymph of Choroterpes (Euthraulus) kalladaensis sp. n. is characterized by a labrum with antero-median emargination well broad and 'V' shaped, femora with two black spots on median and basal region, claw with 2 sections of 13 denticles with 3 smaller serrations, posteriolateral spines present on segment 2-9, paraprocts smooth with pores and their inner margin with small triangular spines and outer margin with long setae and in the subimago the fore wing has four intercalary veins between costa and subcosta, penis lobes are short, membranous, separated apically and covered with minute setae. Taxonomic notes are given to distinguish this new species from closely related species.

Simulium (Gomphostilbia) kumbakkaraiense sp. n. is described based on adults, pupae and mature larvae from Kumbakkarai stream, in the Palani Hills of Western Ghats, South India. This new species is placed in the Simulium batoense species-group of the subgenus Gomphostilbia Enderlein. This new species is characterized by a scutum with three brownish-black longitudinal vittae and hind basitarsus in the female 5.3 times as long as wide, and in male the large facets of the upper eye in 13 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows, the respiratory gill with short common basal in the pupa and postgenal cleft arrow-head-shaped in the larva. Taxonomic notes are provided to distinguish this new species from related species. [Zoobank register: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C575FB25-B6B2-414B-AE11-0468A1871DFA].

A new species of Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) is described on the basis of mature nymphs from Coorg, Karnataka, South India. Prosopistoma coorgum, new species can be readily distinguished from the other members of Prosopistoma by the following combination of characters: inner margin of outer canine near apex with 2-3 short spines, the length ratio of maxillary palp segments (3.3:4.8:1), ventral margin of fore tibia with 6-8 pectinate setae, and gill II leaf-like and cleft.

A new black fly species, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) cauveryense sp. n., is described based on adult female, adult male, pupal and larval specimens collected from Kushalanagar, Karnataka, South India. This new species is placed in the decuplum subgroup of the batoense species-group within the subgenus Gomphostilbia. Keys to the species of the subgenus Gomphostilbia reported from India are provided for females, males, pupae and mature larvae.

Two new species of black flies, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) peteri sp. nov. and S. (G.) takaokai sp. nov., are described on the basis of reared adult, pupal and larval specimens collected from Peninsular India. These two new species are placed in the batoense species group within the subgenus Gomphostilbia. S. (G.) peteri sp. nov. is distinguished in the female by having a medium-sized round opening of the sensory vesicle and a large basal tooth on the claw, in the male by 12 vertical columns in the upper eye large facets, in the pupa by a ventral pair of 2 gill filaments somewhat thicker than the other filaments and in the larva by 5 hypostomal bristles per side lying parallel to the lateral margin. S. (G.) takaokai sp. nov. is characterized in the pupa by having the eight gill filaments with a medium-long common basal stalk and in the larva by the labral fan with 38 main rays and 4 hypostomal bristles on each side. Keys to 13 black fly species reported from Peninsular India are provided for females, males and pupae.