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18 results on '"Walker, Brian R."'

3. Programming of hypertension: associations of plasma aldosterone in adult men and women with birthweight, cortisol, and blood pressure.

Author

Reynolds, Rebecca M, Walker, Brian R, Phillips, David I, Dennison, Elaine M, Fraser, Robert, Mackenzie, Scott M, Davies, Eleanor, and Connell, John M

Abstract

Animal models suggest that explanations for the association of low birthweight with adult hypertension may include chronic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axes. In humans, low birthweight predicts elevated plasma cortisol, but associations with aldosterone have not been reported. We measured aldosterone in serum samples from 205 men and 106 women from 67 to 78 years of age, from Hertfordshire, UK, for whom birthweight was recorded. Participants underwent an overnight low-dose (0.25 mg) dexamethasone suppression test and a low-dose (1 mug) ACTH (corticotropin) stimulation test and were genotyped for the -344 C/T polymorphism of the CYP11B2 gene encoding aldosterone synthase. Median aldosterone was 6.22 ng/dL (range 0.15 to 38.74) and was higher in men than women (P<0.0001). Higher aldosterone levels after both dexamethasone and ACTH stimulation were associated with higher blood pressure (r=0.20, P=0.001; r=0.33, P<0.0001, respectively) and with lower birthweight (r=-0.16, P=0.008; r=-0.21, P=0.001, respectively). These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, obesity, and genotype. Our findings supplement previous evidence that aldosterone is an important regulator of blood pressure and suggest that factors in early life that retard fetal growth and program activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in humans result not only in higher glucocorticoid activity but also in increased mineralocorticoid activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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4. Programming of Hypertension.

Author

Reynolds, Rebecca M., Walker, Brian R., Phillips, David I., Dennison, Elaine M., Fraser, Robert, Mackenzie, Scott M., Davies, Eleanor, and Connell, John M.

Abstract

The article investigates whether aldosterone levels and their responsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, hypertension, and low birthweight in a cohort of elderly men and women in Hertfordshire, England, and whether any such associations are explained by CYP11B2 genotype. The findings suggest that factors in early life that retard fetal growth and program activation of the HPA axis in humans result in higher glucocorticoid activity and increased mineralocorticoid activity.

Published
2009
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16. Low serum cortisol predicts early death after acute myocardial infarction.

Author

Reynolds, Rebecca M., Walker, Brian R., Haw, Sally, Newby, David E., Mackay, Daniel F., Cobbe, Stuart M., Pell, Alastair C. H., Fischbcher, Cohn, Pringle, Stuart, Murdoch, David, Dunn, Frank, Oldroyd, Keith, Maclntyre, Paul, O'Rourke, Brian, and PeIl, Jill P.

Subjects
*HYDROCORTISONE, *CORONARY disease, *CATASTROPHIC illness, *LONGITUDINAL method, *SEPSIS, *PATIENTS, MYOCARDIAL infarction-related mortality
Abstract

The article presents a study on low cortisol concentrations linked with adverse prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. It states that a prospective study of consecutive patients with myocardial infarction in nine Scottish hospitals was done. Study results show that patients who died had lower cortisol concentrations than those who survived and that cortisol concentration is a poor prognostic indicator in myocardial infarction and critically ill patients after sepsis or trauma.

Published
2010
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17. Reduced Cortisol Metabolism During Critical Illness.

Author

Boonen, Eva, Vervenne, Hilke, Meersseman, Philippe, Andrew, Ruth, Mortier, Leen, Declercq, Peter E., Vanwijngaerden, Yoo-Mee, Spriet, Isabel, Woutlers, Pieter J., Perre, Sarah Vander, Langouche, Lies, Vanhorebeek, Ilse, Walker, Brian R., and Van Den Berghe, Greet

Published
2014
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