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Introduction: Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAYfun) is a measure of motor competence, comprehension, and confidence which is part of a suite of scales used to assess physical literacy in children and youth; however, its measurement properties have not been reported in the published literature. The purpose of this study is to examine the factor structure of PLAYfun, in addition to variations in PLAYfun subscale results by age and sex. Method: In this study, we use a sample of children and youth 7 to 14 yr of age (n = 215) to test a proposed factor structure for the motor competence component of PLAYfun and to examine age and sex differences in subscale and total scores. The initial (n = 128) and secondary (n = 98) samples were drawn from a stratified (by geographic region), random sample of 27 after-school programs from a larger pool of 400 programs across the province of Ontario. Seven research assistants were initially trained on the administration of PLAYfun and rated a small pilot sample of 10 children. These trained assessors then assessed the full sample. Results: Interrater agreement was very good (intraclass correlation, 0.87). The hypothesized five-factor structure of the scale was found to have an acceptable fit to the data (root mean square error of approximation, 0.055; 90% confidence interval, 0.03-0.075; comparative fit index, 0.95; Tucker-Lewis Index, 0.94). In general, PLAYfun scores increased with age as developmentally expected. There were few sex differences across skills, but girls did not perform as well as boys on upper and lower body object control skills. Conclusions: The factor structure and patterns of results by age and sex support PLAYfun as a measure of motor competence. Continued evaluation of the tool and other subscales of PLAY is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine whether the association between increasing number of clot retrieval attempts (CRA) and unfavorable outcome is due to an increase in emboli to new territory (ENT) and greater infarct growth (IG) in successfully recanalized patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO)., Methods: Data were extracted from 2 pooled multicentric prospective registries of consecutive patients with anterior AIS-LVO treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) between January 2016 and 2019. Patients with pretreatment and 24-hour posttreatment diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) achieving successful recanalization, defined as expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Scale score of 2B, 2C, or 3, were included. ENT were assessed and IG was measured by voxel-based segmentation after DWI coregistration. Associations between number of CRA, ENT, IG, and 3-month outcome were analyzed., Results: Four hundred nineteen patients achieving successful recanalization were included. ENT occurrence was strongly correlated with increasing CRA (ρ = 0.73, p = 10 -4 ). In multivariable linear analysis, IG was independently associated with CRA (β = 1.6 per retrieval attempt, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-9.74, p = 0.03) and ENT (β = 2.7 [95% CI 1.21-4.1], p = 0.03). Unfavorable functional outcome (3-month modified Rankin Scale score >2) increased with each additional CRA. IG was an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome (odds ratio 1.05 [95% CI 1.02-1.07] per 1-mL IG increase, p = 10 -4 ) in binary logistic regression analysis., Conclusions: Increasing number of CRA in acute stroke is correlated with an increased ENT rate and increased IG volume, affecting functional outcome even when successful recanalization is achieved., Classification of Evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that, for patients with acute stroke undergoing successful recanalization, an increasing number of CRA is associated with poorer functional outcome., (© 2021 American Academy of Neurology.)

Introduction: Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAYfun) is a measure of motor competence, comprehension, and confidence which is part of a suite of scales used to assess physical literacy in children and youth; however, its measurement properties have not been reported in the published literature. The purpose of this study is to examine the factor structure of PLAYfun, in addition to variations in PLAYfun subscale results by age and sex., Method: In this study, we use a sample of children and youth 7 to 14 yr of age (n = 215) to test a proposed factor structure for the motor competence component of PLAYfun and to examine age and sex differences in subscale and total scores. The initial (n = 128) and secondary (n = 98) samples were drawn from a stratified (by geographic region), random sample of 27 after-school programs from a larger pool of 400 programs across the province of Ontario. Seven research assistants were initially trained on the administration of PLAYfun and rated a small pilot sample of 10 children. These trained assessors then assessed the full sample., Results: Interrater agreement was very good (intraclass correlation, 0.87). The hypothesized five-factor structure of the scale was found to have an acceptable fit to the data (root mean square error of approximation, 0.055; 90% confidence interval, 0.03-0.075; comparative fit index, 0.95; Tucker-Lewis Index, 0.94). In general, PLAYfun scores increased with age as developmentally expected. There were few sex differences across skills, but girls did not perform as well as boys on upper and lower body object control skills., Conclusions: The factor structure and patterns of results by age and sex support PLAYfun as a measure of motor competence. Continued evaluation of the tool and other subscales of PLAY is required.